This presentation was delivered as part of the "Developing Building Blocks of a Global Mitigation Architecture" workshop series.

1. Regional Technical Dialogues on intended
nationally determined contributions to the 2015
agreement under the UNFCCC
Bonn, Germany
10 June 2014
Yamil Bonduki
United Nations Development Programme

2. UNFCCC Context
COP 17 (2011) – Durban
• To launch a process to develop a protocol, another legal instrument, or
an agreed outcome with legal force under the Convention applicable to
all Parties, through the ADP
COP 18 (2012) – Doha
• ADP to consider elements for a draft negotiating text no later than COP
20 (2014 -- Peru), with a view to making a negotiating text available
before May 2015
COP 19 (2013) – Warsaw
• Invite all Parties to initiate or intensify domestic preparations for INDCs
• Request developed country Parties, the operating entities of the financial
mechanism, and any other organizations to provide support for INDCs as
early as possible in 2014

3. Context of the Regional Technical Dialogues
• Carried out by UNDP in collaboration with UNFCCC
• Responds to COP-19 request for support to the preparation of
the INDCs
• Funding from: Austria, Belgium, European Union, France,
Germany, Norway, UK, and US
• Series of regional workshops to initiate dialogues on the INDCs:
• Latin America and Caribbean: 28-30 April, Bogota, Colombia
• Africa: 14-16 May, Accra, Ghana
• Asia-Pacific and Eastern Europe: 9-11 July, Hanoi, Vietnam

4. Scene-setting: LAC and African context
– results of UNDP survey (1)
• Total respondents from the two regions = 34
• 21 respondents from Africa, 13 from LAC
• 14 respondents from LDCs, of those 5 have started preparations
Yes
41%
No
59%
Has your government started preparations toward
communicating its INDCs?

5. Scene-setting: LAC and African context
– results of UNDP survey (2)
For those countries that have already initiated the process:
What is the general vision of your government as to what its
INDCs should be?
• Linked directly to national sustainable development vision and
plans
• Promotes mitigation action and climate resilience and reflects
support
• Based on scientific basis, equity
• Reflect diversity of development conditions and circumstances
• Respondents from 3 countries specifically mentioned targets

6. Scene-setting: LAC and African context
– results of UNDP survey (2)
Approach to be used in those countries that have NOT initiated
the contributions process
• Stakeholder consultations/use of national CC committees (7)
• Build on what is already ongoing in-country (6)
• Wait to further understand the process (4)
• Capacity building (2)
• Begin with national approval of legislation on CC (1)

7. Scene-setting: LAC and African context
– results of UNDP survey (3)
Main challenges anticipated in preparing contributions:
• Lack of understanding on what should be included in the INDCs, as well as the
implications (legal and economic)
• Need to engage stakeholders:
• Convince high-level policy makers to prioritize climate change and take
action => link to national development plans
• Educate and involve the private sector and investors
• Lack of finance and support to undertake consultations and technical analysis
• Technical challenges
• Lack of Data
• Lack of modeling expertise
• Lack of finance for implementing contributions
• Time left for preparing the contributions

8. Objectives of the INDCs Technical Dialogues
• Discuss technical elements, institutional context, and
consultation processes for the preparation of the contributions
• Share experiences and best practices in areas related to the
contributions, and identify potential solutions to challenges
• Identify key issues related to the underlying technical basis
required to prepare robust, realistic and achievable
contributions
• Identify follow-up actions and support required to reach
domestic agreement on the contributions
A valuable opportunity to discuss the “what” and “how” of the
contributions outside the negotiation process

9. Participation level
• Africa Dialogue: 69 participants
• Country representatives from 30 African countries, 6
developed countries and EU
• Representatives from 12 institutions/initiatives that
provide support to the region
• LAC Dialogue: 90 participants
• Country representatives from 23 LAC countries, 5 from
developed countries and EU
• Representatives from 12 institutions/initiatives that
provide support to the region

10. General Takeaways from Dialogues
• INDCs will cover a broad range of topics
• Two degree goal is important, but national priorities and analysis
will determined the contribution type and magnitude.
• Recognize different capacities and capabilities and timelines.
• More analysis on mitigation potential, cost analysis, co-benefits.
• For most countries adaptation is the priority .
• Adaptation needs are hard to quantify and implementation of
adaptation is hard to evaluate. Need to define metrics.
• More discussions are needed on how to reflect adaptation.
• Countries will need support for implementing their contributions,
to varying degrees.
• How to reflect this in the INDCs?

11. General Takeaways from Dialogues (2)
• Developing countries have a lot of experience and information to base their
contributions on, including NCs, national inventories, CDM, NAMAs, NAPAs,
NAPs, LEDS, national development policies, sectorial polices and efforts, etc.
• Contributions must be linked to development, green growth, increased
resilience. But also must respond to science and be fair, equitable and
transparent.
• Political buy-in and process matters. Not easy, but critical to success.
• Technical analysis will be a challenge for many, but work is underway in many
countries.
• Time is scarce and initiation/preparation process would need thorough
consultations to ensure the necessary institutional support .
• Need support for preparation (technical, process) and also for implementation.
Some want/need guidance from process and other sources.

12. Next Steps
• Draft meeting report form LAC Dialogue prepared and circulated
with participants. Africa Dialogue report under preparation.
• Asia-Pacific & Eastern Europe Technical Dialogue to be held on 9-
11 July in Hanoi, Vietnam
• Participants’ ideas for future work:
• A second round of regional technical dialogues for countries to continue
sharing experiences, with a deeper focus on specific topics and more
time for discussions
• Preparation of a manual to support countries that are seeking advice on
how to go about the process of preparing their INCDs
• Mapping of support available for the preparation of INDCs
• Support for high-level political meetings to increase awareness of INDCs

13. Available support
• UNDP Dialogues in INDCs to facilitate share of experiences,
identify gaps and priorities areas of work, and identify
support needs
• Financial support by GEF and bilateral initiatives for the
preparation of INDCs
• A large number of support initiatives that can provide inputs
to the preparation of INDCs in both process and content
(UNDP LECB Programme, UNEP, WB, GIZ, CCAP, EU, MAPS,
LEDS GP, others)