Polkadot JAM Slides - Token2049 - By Dr. Gavin Wood
Storage Server & Brach Cache
1. Windows Storage Server 2008 & BranchCache Amit Gatenyo Infrastructure & Security Manager, Dario Microsoft Regional Director – Windows Server & Security 054-2492499 amit.g@dario.co.il
2. What are Windows Storage Servers? Dedicated to file, block and print workloads Highly available Headless, easy to deploy, preconfigured by OEMs Supports Windows technologies and applications Special OEM licensing (no CALs required) Windows Storage Server is dead! Long live NAS!
3. Supported ConfigurationsSimple to a complex HA target, multipath Application Server iSCSI Initiator Application Server iSCSI Initiator MPIO Ethernet Switches #1 and #2 Ethernet Switch Windows Storage Server 2008 iSCSI Software Target 3.2 Windows Storage Server 2008 iSCSI Software Target 3.2 Cluster heartbeat Storage Backend Storage Backend
4. Unified Storage = SMB, NFS and iSCSI Windows Vista Windows XP Unix Apple Remote file and block Consolidate file and application storage on a storage tier iSCSI initiators are available for most OS Boot from iSCSI File Shares Linux +Apache Unix +Oracle Windows +SQL Server iSCSI LUNs
5. Key Features Windows Server 2008 Shared Features Improved Failover Clustering Windows File Sharing (SMB 2.0) Network File System (NFS) File Server Resource Manager DFS Namespace and DFS Replication BitLocker Drive Encryption Windows PowerShell Windows Server Backup OOBE, MMC and Server Manager Full Text Search
6. Key Features Windows Storage Server 2008: iSCSI Software Target 3.2 Single Instance Storage (SIS) v2 File Server Optimization Four editions with Windows Storage Server branding OEM Embedded licensing + Now on MSDN Comprehensive Setup OOBE Share and Storage Management Remote Administration in Heterogeneous Environments
7. Five editions can be installed X86 Windows Storage Server 2008, Basic Edition X64 Windows Storage Server 2008, Basic Edition Windows Storage Server 2008, Workgroup Edition Windows Storage Server 2008, Standard Edition Windows Storage Server 2008, Enterprise Edition
8. Windows Storage Server 2008 Editions Final feature sets will be packaged within Hardware OEM offerings
18. Backup Effects SIS can result in much greater apparent disk usage than actual disk space. Naïve backup/restore will overuse backup medium, and possibly overflow disk on restore. Microsoft provides a special API for backup applications to properly handle SIS files. Handles local, remote, full & partial.
19. Backup Details The essence of SIS backup is to preserve single instancing on the backup medium. The SIS backup API takes as input reparse point data from SIS files, and returns a set of common store files to include. On restore, takes a SIS reparse point and returns a set of common store files to restore.
20. New in Win7 and WS08R2 announcing BranchCache™ Reduce WAN bandwidth utilization Improve end user experience Preserve e2e Security Simple to Deploy
21. BranchCache ™ Situation Today Files accessed are automatically cached using Transparent Caching Cached files are ‘published’ to BranchCache Subsequent accesses to the cached files are satisfied from the branch Data integrity and access permissions are maintained Each client needs to go over the WAN to access the same file in the data center Poor use of WAN resource and poor user experience Reduces WAN utilization Transparent to applications improving end-user response times Preserves end-to-end security Simple to deploy and manage Windows 7 Solution Benefits
23. BranchCache™ - Hosted Cache Main Office Get Get ID ID ID ID ID Data ID Data Data Data Search Search Get Put Advertize Get Request Cache in the branch is always available Works across IP subnets Branch Office
24. Deployment Use Group Policy to enable BranchCache on Windows 7 clients Branch Office Branch Office Install the optional BranchCachecomponent on a Windows Sever 2008 R2 web or file servers Hosted Cache Branch Office IIS Optionally, install a hosted cache in your branch. Configure clients to use it with Group Policy File Server Group Policy Management Main Office
27. Leasing / Enhanced Oplocks Situation Today Oplocks are maintained per client instead of per file handle Full caching when multiple handles are opened by the same client Shared read and handle caching from multiple clients Reduce the number of exchanges required to open and save Applications like Microsoft Office break their own oplocks while accessing the same file from a client Poor end-user experience and excessive WAN utilization Faster open and save operations on application files such as Microsoft Office documents Reduced network bandwidth usage Benefits Windows 7 Solution
29. Windows Server 2008 R2 and Win7 SMB Server improvements More intelligent SMB2 crediting and buffer sizing SMB client improvements Directory cache larger, dynamic expansion, caches additional info levels Unbuffered handle delayed close Robocopy multithreading for copying of large directories
32. Energy Efficiency Situation Today Client is allowed to sleep if editing files backed by Offline Files More aggressive sleep option available to administrator Server is allowed to sleep if clients are not actively accessing files (peer file sharing) zzzzz Clients and Servers are prevented from going to sleep due to remote file activity Enterprises pay high energy bills Enterprises save energy and pay smaller utility bills in both branch offices and data centers Benefits Windows 7 Solution
33. Thanks for listening. Amit Gatenyo Infrastructure & Security Manager, Dario Microsoft Regional Director – Windows Server & Security 054-2492499 amit.g@dario.co.il
Editor's Notes
DAS (ATA, SATA, SCSI), SAS, iSCSI, Fibre Channel
Windows Server 2008 Shared FeaturesImproved Failover ClusteringFailover clustering in Windows Server 2008 builds redundancy into your network and eliminates single points of failureWindows File SharingHigh-performance SMB 2.0/CIFS for WindowsNetwork File System (NFS) Improved performance, NFS and SMB interoperabilityFile Server Resource Manager Directory quota, file screening, and reportingDFS Namespace and DFS Replication Efficient file replication over WANsBitLocker Drive EncryptionBitLocker prevents a thief from breaking system protections or performing offline viewing of the files stored on the protected drive.Windows PowerShell™A task-based command-line shell and scripting language designed especially for system administration. Control and automate the administration of the Windows operating system and applications that run on Windows. Windows Server BackupA basic backup and recovery solution to back up all volumes, selected volumes, or the system state. Perform a system recovery onto a new hard disk, by using a full server backup and the Windows Recovery Environment.OOBE, MMC and Server Manager Common user experience across Windows-based productsFull Text Search Fast and effective search on remote network shares accessed using Windows XP and later. Windows Storage Server 2008 supports Search 4.0.What does Windows Server Backup do?The Windows Server Backup feature in Windows Server 2008 consists of a Microsoft Management Console (MMC) snap-in and command-line tools that provide a complete solution for your day-to-day backup and recovery needs. You can use four wizards to guide you through running backups and recoveries. You can use Windows Server Backup to back up a full server (all volumes), selected volumes, or the system state. You can recover volumes, folders, files, certain applications, and the system state. And, in case of disasters like hard disk failures, you can perform a system recovery, which will restore your complete system onto the new hard disk, by using a full server backup and the Windows Recovery Environment.You can use Windows Server Backup to create and manage backups for the local computer or a remote computer. You can also schedule backups to run automatically and you can perform one-time backups to augment the scheduled backups.Who will be interested in this feature?Windows Server Backup is intended for use by everyone who needs a basic backup solution—from small business owners to IT professionals in large enterprises. However, the design makes it especially well-suited for smaller organizations or individuals who are not IT professionals. Are there any special considerations?You must be a member of the Administrators group or Backup Operators group to use Windows Server Backup.In Windows Server 2008, the firewall has been enabled by default. If you are managing the backups of another computer using the Windows Server Backup snap-in, your connectivity to the remote computer may be affected and can be resolved by changes in the firewall rules. While working on the local computer, you are not affected. Also, if you are a current user of the previous backup feature (Ntbackup.exe) that shipped in earlier versions of Windows, and plan to switch to the new Windows Server Backup, you might be affected by the following issues and changes:Settings for creating backups will not be upgraded when you upgrade to Windows Server 2008. You will need to reconfigure settings.You will need a separate, dedicated disk for running scheduled backups. Only NTFS-formatted volumes on a locally attached disk can be backed up.You can no longer back up to tape. (However, support of tape storage drivers is still included in Windows Server 2008.) Windows Server Backup supports backing up to external and internal disks, DVDs, and shared folders.You cannot recover backups that you created with Ntbackup.exe by using Windows Server Backup. However, a version of Ntbackup.exe is available as a download to Windows Server 2008 for users who want to recover data from backups created using Ntbackup.exe. The downloadable version of Ntbackup.exe is only for recovering backups for older versions of Windows and cannot be used to create new backups in Windows Server 2008. To download Ntbackup.exe, see http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=82917.What new functionality does Windows Server Backup provide?Windows Server Backup includes the following improvements:Faster backup technology. Windows Server Backup uses Volume Shadow Copy Service (VSS) and block-level backup technology to back up and recover your operating system, files and folders, and volumes. After the first full backup is created, you can configure Windows Server Backup to automatically run incremental backups by saving only the data that has changed since the last backup. Even if you choose to always perform full backups, your backup will take less time than it did in earlier versions of Windows.Simplified restoration. You can restore items by choosing a backup and then selecting specific items from that backup to restore. You can recover specific files from a folder or all the contents of a folder. In addition, previously, you needed to manually restore from multiple backups if the item was stored on an incremental backup. But this is no longer true—you can now choose the date of the backup version for the item you want to restore.Simplified recovery of your operating system. Windows Server Backup works with new Windows recovery tools to make it easier for you to recover your operating system. You can recover to the same server—or if the hardware fails, you can recover to a separate server that has similar hardware and no operating system. Ability to recover applications. Windows Server Backup uses VSS functionality that is built into applications like Microsoft® SQL Server® to protect application data.Improved scheduling. Windows Server Backup includes a wizard that guides you through the process of creating daily backups. System volumes are automatically included in all scheduled backups so that you are protected against disasters.Offsite removal of backups for disaster protection. You can save backups to multiple disks in a rotation, which enables you to move disks from an offsite location. You can add each disk as a scheduled backup location and, if the first disk is moved offsite, Windows Server Backup will automatically save backups to the next disk in the rotation. Remote administration. Windows Server Backup uses an MMC snap-in to give you a familiar and consistent experience for managing your backups. After you install the snap-in, you can access this tool through Server Manager or by adding the snap-in to a new or existing MMC console. Then, you can manage backups on other servers by clicking the Action menu in the snap-in, and then clicking Connect to Another Computer.Automatic disk usage management. After you configure a disk for a scheduled backup, Windows Server Backup automatically manages the disk usage—you do not need to be concerned about running out of disk space after repeated backups. Windows Server Backup will automatically reuse the space of older backups when creating new backups. The management tool displays the backups that are available and the disk usage information. This can help you plan for provisioning additional storage to meet your recovery time objectives.Extensive command-line support. Windows Server Backup includes the Wbadmin command and documentation, which enable you to perform all of the same tasks at the command line that you can perform by using the snap-in. For more information, see the Command Reference (http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=93131). You can also automate backup activities through scripting.In addition, Windows Server 2008 contains a collection of Windows PowerShell™ commands (cmdlets) for Windows Server Backup that you can use to write scripts to perform backups. For more information, see http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=93317.Support for optical media drives and removable media. You can manually back up volumes directly to optical media drives, such as DVD drives, and also to removable media. This offers a solution if you want to create backups that can easily be moved offsite on a one-time basis. This version of Windows Server Backup retains support for manual backups to shared folders and hard disks.Is Windows Server Backup available in all editions of Windows Server 2008?Windows Server Backup is available in all editions of Windows Server 2008 (both 32-bit and 64-bit versions). However, the Windows Server Backup snap-in is not available for the Server Core installation option of Windows Server 2008. To run backups for computers with a Server Core installation, you need to either use the command line or manage backups remotely from another computer. In addition, Windows PowerShell is not available for the Server Core installation option, so the cmdlets for Windows Server Backup are also not available on this type of installation. Does it behave differently in some editions?Windows Server Backup behaves the same in all editions of Windows Server 2008.Is it available in both 32-bit and 64-bit versions?Windows Server Backup is available in both 32-bit and 64-bit versions of Windows Server 2008.
Windows Storage Server 2008 FeaturesiSCSI Software Target 3.2 Ethernet-based block level storage.Single Instance Storage (SIS) v2 Reduce disk space consumption by eliminating duplicate files.File Server Optimization Optimized for the file server role for ~10% gain over standard settings.Product Differentiation Windows Storage Server branding and OEM Embedded licensing. Also available on MSDN.Comprehensive Setup OEM-extensible out-of-the-box experience to guide user through initial setup and configuration. Share and Storage ManagementUnified view of file server resources, streamlined storage provisioning, support for SIS on volumes.Remote Administration in Heterogeneous Environments Multiple options to manage storage server appliances, including a new SSL-enabled Java-based remote administration applet.
The two technologies can also be used together for non-overlapping and overlapping data sets:[Non-overlapping dataset] Can use DFSR for content that must be available in branch and use BranchCache for ad-hoc caching of other contentCan additionally deploy BranchCache Hosted Cache role on DFSR replica server in branch to provide larger ad-hoc cache in branch[Overlapping dataset] Can use BranchCache to access data from a DFSR server, then the user gets ad-hoc caching of the replicated content from the DFSR server.
To learn more about SMB, attend SVR312 File serving enhancements for branch office and mobile usersBy Anjli Chaudhry and Dina Madson7/28 , Tuesday 10:15
NTFS changed oplock package – additional capabilitiesSMB implemented leasing on client level to allow client to not break own oplock, as well as allow multiple clients shared caching for read and file handles (foundation for BranchCache)
Large PDU support is not enabled by default, enabled via registry settingSMB client improvements can have large impact on server scalability by reducing number of server operations requestedExpanded redirector directory cache (FileIdBothDirectoryInfo and FileAttributeTagInfo)
Sample customer application was build process using shared directories on WS2008R2 server.
