This lecture teaches adjectives, types and exercises for learning adjectives.

1. Identify Adjective and Its Types
Week 3, Lecture No. 7
Air University, Islamabad
Zafar Ullah, zafarullah76@gmail.com

2. Adjective
PP 12-2a
Definition: An adjective is a word that
modifies (describes) a noun or a pronoun.
Usually Adjective+Noun
Intelligent child
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3. 8 Types of Adjective
1. Adjective of Quality
2. Adjective of Quantity
3. Adjective of Number
4. Proper Adjective
5. Demonstrative Adjective
6. Interrogative Adjective
7. Emphasizing Adjective
8. Exclamatory Adjective
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4. TYPES OF ADJECTIVE
1. Adjective of Quality
PP 12-7
It shows the kind and quality of a
person or thing.
Lahore is a large city.
Quaid-e-Azam was an honest man.
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5. 2. Adjectives of Quantity
PP 12-7
It shows how much of a thing
is meant
He ate some rice.
He showed much patience.
He has lost all his wealth.
Shelly recommends a light blue venetian blind.
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6. 3. Adjectives of Number/ Numeral Adjective
PP 12-7
It shows how many persons or
things are meant
.
The hand has five fingers.
I have taught you seven points.
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7. i. Definite Numeral Adjective
PP 12-7
It denotes an exact number
Cardinals: One, two, three
Ordinals: First, Second
.
ii. Indefinite Numeral Adjective
Which don’t denote an exact number
All, no, many, few, some, any
iii. Distributive Numeral Adjective:
which refers to each one of a number
Each ,every, either, neither.
Shelly recommends a light blue venetian blind.
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8. 4. Proper Adjectives
PP 12-7
Proper adjectives are proper nouns or
words derived from proper nouns that
function as adjectives.
We selected the Italian desk lamps.
Pakistani rice is famous all over the world.
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9. 9
5. Demonstrative Adjectives
PP 12-8a
The four demonstrative adjectives that
modify nouns are this, that, these,
those. These adjectives answer the
question which one? or which ones?
We recommend this computer monitor.
We will follow that safety regulation.
Many of these injuries are unnecessary.
Those keyboards cause discomfort.

10. 6. Interrogative Adjectives
PP 12-8a
What, which, whose, when they are used with
nouns to ask questions
What manner of man is he?
Which way shall we go?
Whose book is this?
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11. 7. Emphasizing Adjectives
PP 12-8a
The words own and very are
used to emphasize nouns
I saw it with my own eyes.
That is the very thing I want.
My very friend deceived me.
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12. 8. Exclamatory Adjectives
PP 12-8a
The word what is sometimes used as an
Exclamatory Adjective
What a genius!
What an idea!
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13. Form vs Degree
• Verb has forms
Watch, watched, watched, watching
• Adjective has degrees
Poor, poorer, poorest
Positive degree (rich), comparative degree
(richer), superlative degree (richest);
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14. Three-Syllable Adjectives (more, most)
Positive Comparative Superlative
attractive more attractive most attractive
essential more essential most essential
efficient less efficient least efficient
complicated less complicated least complicated
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15. Words Ending in y
Change the y to i and add er or est to form the
comparative and superlative degrees.
Positive Comparative Superlative
friendly
friendlier friendliest
busy busier busiest
heavy
heavier heaviest
happy happier happiest
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16. Special Forms, Memorize
Some irregular adjectives change forms in their
comparative and superlative forms.
Positive Comparative Superlative
good better best
bad worse worst
little less, lesser littlest, least
many more most
much more most
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17. Absolute Adjectives
They expresses the highest degree.
circular horizontal straight
complete ideal supreme
correct instantaneous unanimous
dead perfect unique
empty single vertical
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18. Fill with much or many
• We saw _____ animals at the zoo.
• How _____ oranges did you put in the box?
• There isn’t _____ sugar in my coffee.
• I don’t have ______ friends.
• The old man hasn’t got _____ hair on his head.
• I’ve packed _____ bottles of water.
• I didn’t get _____ sleep last night.
• How _____ fruit do you eat in an average day?
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19. Answers
1. many
2. many
3. much
4. many
5. much
6. many
7. much
8. much
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20. Use a little or a few
1. Can you please buy _______ apples.
2. We need _______ water.
3. I have _______ money left.
4. I take _______ sugar with my coffee.
5. We had _______ pints of beer there.
6. You have _______ time left.
7. There are _______ chairs in the room.
8. He only spent _______ dollars there.
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21. Answers
1. a few
2. a little
3. a little
4. a little
5. a few
6. a little
7. a few
8. a few
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22. Some, Any
1. Is there _______ milk left?
2. There is _______ juice in the bottle.
3. Do you have _______ coffee?
4. I don’t have _______ money left.
5. She has _______ money.
6. Do you know _______ of these singers?
7. I don’t know _______ of them.
8. I know _______ of them.
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23. Answers
1. any
2. some
3. any
4. any
5. some
6. any
7. any
8. some
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