1. INTERNATIONAL DISTRIBUTION AND LOGISTICS
VOCABULARY:
Antidumping (Antidumping): Are the measures taken by
importing countries to fight exporting countries apply to their
products abnormal prices.
TARIFF(Arancel) is the tax applied to goods which are subject to
import or export.
International trade (Comercio Internacional): refers to the
exchange of goods and services between two or more countries or
economic regions.
AGENT of Customs( Agente aduanal) is the natural or legal person
duly authorized by the respective Customs authorities, which acts
to the competent authorities (customs, ministries, and other private
or public entities) in the name and for the account of a third party
who hires his services and gives you an authenticated and
permanent power in an import operation procedures, export
Customs (Aduana): is a public office, apart from being a fiscal
Constitution, located in strategic points, usually on coasts and
borders. Responsible for the control of foreign trade operations, in
order to register the international traffic of goods that are imported
and exported from a specific country
Customs tariff (Arancel de aduanas): Tariffs are levied on goods
in the import, export and transit, as well as fiscal taxes, additional
provisions and corresponding indices.
Shipowner (Armador): Individual or company that owns the
domain of the ship and put it handles seaworthy.

2. Aval (Aval): Any warranty, which a person agrees to answer for
another's performance of an obligation.
Balance of trade( Balanza commercial): Branch of the balance of
payments, reflecting exports and imports of goods made between a
country and the rest of the world over a period of time.
Tariff barriers (Barrera arancelaria): Customs duties levied on
imports of goods from foreign countries.
Non-tariff barriers (Barrera no arancelaria): Restrictions on the
import of goods from abroad, other than customs duties.
Tradedeficit (Deficit commercial): Balance in favor of imports
from a country with respect to exports of the same, for a period of
time.
Customs invoice (Factura aduanera): Document issued by seller
and demanded him from the office of some cheep statistical or
informational purposes.
License (licencia): Agreement that the owner of a right to an
invention industrial authorizes another person to use this right
during a specified period in exchange for payment of compensation.
Marketing(Mercado): Marketing, marketing or Market aspects. A
set of techniques aimed at developing the sales of a product or
service by the consumer study, identifying their needs and finding
your satisfaction.

3. Foreign exchange market (Mercado de divisas):Market for the
sale of foreign currency between financial institutions. It consists of
a series of institutions (official and private banks, savings banks,
private intermediaries, etc.) that are connected on a permanent
basis to perform transactions in foreign currency.
Merchandises (Mercancia): Well material whose production,
processing, distribution, use or sale is a matter of commercial
activity and treatment.
Manifest (Manifesto): Summary declaration. Document to be
submitted to the customs office any person responsible for a means
of transport, which listed the goods that leads and arrive at the
customs territory.
Shipowner (Naviera):Holder of the carrier shipping company,
responsible for the acts of the captain and the obligations of this
and enabled to repair the ship.
Booking note (Nota de embarque):Commitment between the
carrier and the charterer. The carrier undertakes to reserve some
space in the ship for the charterer.
Andean group (Pacto andino): Andean Sub regional Integration
Agreement. Signed by Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and
Venezuela. Its objective is to promote the balanced development
and common of the member countries: harmonization of treatment
of foreign investment and removal of barriers to trade.
Statistical commodity code (Partida estadistica): Numeric string
that is used to identify the products of the Customs Tariff (both in
the import and export).

4. Re-import (Reimportacion): Import of goods previously exported
temporarily.
Cover rate (Tasa de cubertura): Percentage of imports that can be
paid to the exports made during the same period of time.