12. 同意確認の手続き
• Three conditions are fulfilled (see p.3):
• 1.Suppliance of sufficient information (i.e., full
disclosure about the experiment by the
researcher).
• 2.Comprehension on the part of the subject.
• 3.Voluntary participation, in which the subject
is free from undue pressure or coercion
• Checklist for drawing up informed consent
13. 同意確認の手続き
• Cf. IRB requirements:
• The specific steps that will be taken to ensure
confidentiality and anonymity; for example:
• Using numbers instead of names.
• Not revealing identifying information.
• Safeguarding the location of and
access to records.
14. Classroom Observation
• ... can enhance our
understanding of how to
implement effective ways of
improving learners second
language skills ....
16. Classroom Observation
Checklist
• Contact the classroom instructor.
• Determine the schedule for observation.
• Negotiate the observer s role in the classroom,
including prerequisite arrangements.
• Debrief the instructor on the findings of the
study.
• Clearly express appreciation to the instructor,
students, and administration.
17. 観察記述の枠組み
モード
方式
リアルタイム メモ→振り返り 録音・録画
数値的分析法 a) Tally Sheet
b) SCORE
c) Hopkins’ Seating Chart
j) BIAS
項目別評価法 d) Observation Schedule d) OS
タイプ分類法 e) FLINT
(f) COLT Part A)
f) COLT Part A
g) TALOS
f) COLT Part B
記述式分析法 h)
i) Uptake Sheets
a) Tally Sheet
19. Task1
観察記述の枠組み
- 6 -
9. There was enough variety in the lesson
10. There was the right amount of teacher talk
11. Error correction and feedback were appropriate
12. There was genuine communication
13. Teacher was skilled at organizing group work
14. Explanation of points of language were clear
Tallies(/) Total
1. Teacher (T) asks a display question (i.e., a question to which T
knows the answer)
2. T asks a referential question (i.e., a question to which T does not
know the answer)
3. T explains a grammatical point
4. T explains meaning of a vocabulary item
5. T explains a functional point
6. T explains point relating to content (theme/topic) of the lesson
7. T gives instructions/directions
8. T praises
9. T criticises
10. Learner (L) asks a question
11. L answers a question
12. L talks to other L
13. Period of silence or confusion
26. Task1
観察記述の枠組みA=Appointed
Make observation
yes
not
sure
No
1. All instruction were clear
2. The class understood what was wanted at all times
3. Every student was involved at some point
4. Students were interested in the lesson
5. The teacher made sure all students understood
6. Materials and learning activities were appropriate
7. Class atmosphere was positive
8. The pacing of the lesson was appropriate
9. There was enough variety in the lesson
10. There was the right amount of teacher talk
11. Error correction and feedback were appropriate
12. There was genuine communication
13. Teacher was skilled at organizing group work
14. Explanation of points of language were clear
Tallies(/) Total
37. Task1
観察記述の枠組み
Who said it? (Check as many as you want) Was this new to you?
What are you noticing about … Teacher Classmate Me Book Yes,
new
No,
heard
of it.
No,
knew it.
Pronunciation
Vocabulary
Grammar
40. Task 2
観察記述の枠組み
モード
方式
リアルタイム メモ→振り返り 録音・録画
数値的分析法 a) Tally Sheet
b) SCORE
c) Hopkins’ Seating Chart
j) BIAS
項目別評価法 d) Observation Schedule d) OS
タイプ分類法 e) FLINT
(f) COLT Part A)
f) COLT Part A
g) TALOS
f) COLT Part B
記述式分析法 h)
i) Uptake Sheets
