YOUNG HEALTH AMBASSADORS- FREE COURSE

1. DIABETES

2. CELLS NEED SUGAR (GLUCOSE) FOR MAINTAINING THEIR
ACTIVITIES.
WHEN WE EAT FOOD, SUGAR GETS INTO BLOOD TO CIRCULATE
AROUND THE BODY AND SUPPLY CELLS WITH ENERGY.
DIABETES IS HIGH SUGAR LEVELS IN BLOOD.

3. A HORMONE CALLED INSULIN HELPS SUGAR IN
BLOOD TO GET INTO CELLS, HOWEVER IN
CERTAIN CONDITIONS THIS HORMONE COULD
BECOME INEFFECTIVE.

4. THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF DIABETES:
TYPE 1: IT IS A CONDITION WHERE BODY’S IMMUNITY ATTACKS ITS
OWN PANCREAS AND INSULIN CANNOT BE PRODUCED.
TYPE 2: IT IS A CONDITION WHERE NOT ENOUGH INSULIN IS
PRODUCED TO TAKE ALL SUGAR IN BLOOD INTO CELLS OR BODY
CELLS DON’T REACT TO INSULIN. THIS IS VERY COMMON AND IS
USUALLY CAUSED BY UNHEALTHY LIFESTYLE.

5. SYMPTOMS OF TYPE 2 DIABETES:
FREQUENTLY URINATING
FEELING TIRED ALL THE TIME
FEELING THIRSTY
UNINTENTIONAL WEIGHT LOSS
ITCHING OF GENITALS
BLURRED VISION
SLOW HEALING OF WOUNDS

6. SYMPTOMS OF DIABETES USUALLY HAPPEN WHEN
THE CONDITION PROGRESSES
SO
REGULAR CHECK-UPS ARE REALLY IMPORTANT.

7. RISK FACTORS FOR HAVING TYPE 2 DIABETES:
AGE BOVE 40
CARDIOVASCULAR CONDITIONS IN THE PAST
FAMILY MEMBER WITH DIABETES
SOUTH ASIAN/AFROCARRIBEAN/CHINESE ORIGIN
DIABETES IN PREGNANCY
POLYCYCSTIC OVARIES IN FEMALES
MENTAL HEALTH PROBLEMS

8. DIAGNOSIS OF DIABETES IS MADE BY A TEST CALLED
HbA1C WHICH MEASURES AMOUNT OF GLUCOSE
BOUND TO YOUR RED BLOOD CELLS.
IF DIABETES IS PRESENT, BLOOD TEST RESULTS ARE
EXPECTED TO BE MORE THAN 6.5%.

9. DIABETES IS A LONG TERM CONDITION AND
THERE IS NO CURE FOR IT, HOWEVER IT IS
POSSIBLE TO MANAGE IT BY KEEPING BLOOD
SUGAR LEVELS DOWN.

10. MOST IMPORTANT PART OF MANAGEMENT IS LIFESTYLE
CHANGES:
EATING A HEALTHY BALANCED DIET
TRYING TO BE PHYSICALLY ACTIVE
REGULAR EXERCISING
LOSING WEIGHT (IF OVERWEIGHT)
STOP SMOKING
NOT COMSUMING EXCESS ALCOHOL

11. IF LIFESTYLE CHANGES ARE NOT SUFFICIENT,
MEDICATIONS ARE GIVEN SUCH AS METFORMIN
AND GLITAZONE.
IF BLOOD SUGAR STILL CANNOT BE CONTROLLED,
INSULIN INJECTIONS ARE GIVEN TO REGULATE THE
BLOOD SUGAR.

12. REGULAR MONITORING OF BLOOD SUGAR LEVELS IS
IMPORTANT.
MONITORING IS ACHIEVED BY DOING A FINGER PRICK
BLOOD GLUCOSE TEST (BM TEST) AT HOME.
RESULTS OF THE TEST SHOULD BE 4-6mmol/L BEFORE
BREAKFAST
OR
LESS THAN 10mmol/L 2 HOURS AFTER EATING.

13. IF BLOOD SUGAR IS NOT CONTROLLED, SEVERE
COMPLICATIONS COULD TAKE PLACE SUCH AS:
HEART DISEASE
STROKE
NERVE DAMAGE
EYE DAMAGE
KIDNEY DAMAGE
FOOT PROBLEMS

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