This document discusses how 3D printing can foster circular design and the circular economy. It notes that 3D printing enables complex designs, less waste in production, and closed loops. It also addresses barriers to implementing the circular economy, including technological, cultural, regulatory, and market barriers, and how circular design can help overcome technological barriers. The document considers how 3D printing and digital manufacturing could enable mass customization and longer lasting products to support the circular economy. Finally, it frames design as a process that aims to modify reality through tangible outcomes and discusses the designer's role in integrating technical aspects with a socio-technical focus.

1. 3D-printing to foster circular design
CIRCULAR SPRINT
Tuesday 7 September
Designing a Circular Future

2. Welcome

3. recording

4. 4
Organised by CRAFTH

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Photo by Museums Victoria on Unsplash
paradigms of industrial production

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Figure from Jeremy Faludi et al. 2015
3D printing. Why?
The global rise of 3D printing during
the COVID-19 pandemic (Choong, 2020)

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Photos by Tom Claes on Unsplash
Selective Laser Sintering
Stereolithography
Fused Deposition Modelling
...

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Complexity of design and freedom
Unique pieces
Rapidity from idea to production
...

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Photo by Thiago Medeiros Araujo on Unsplash
Simple tooling & infrastructures
Less waste in production
Closed loops
...

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Accessibility & participation
Driver for BMI (e.g. local production on demand)
No economy of scale
...

11. Circular Economy & Circular Design

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Photo by Hermes Rivera on Unsplash
Unsustainable production and
consumption patterns

13. Economic growth and environmental damage

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From: Ellen MacArthur foundation
Rot
Recuperate (energy)
Recycle
Reuse
Repair
Reduce
Refuse
Rethink!

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Sources: Synthesised by Ken Webster from McDonough and Braungart, Stahel, Lovins, Hawken, Anderson, Holling, Boulding, Webster and Fuller.
paradigm shift!
waste
=
food
price
=
full costs
ownership
=
shared
diversity
=
strength

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Kirchherr, J., Hekkert, M., Bour, R., Huibrechtse-Truijens, A., Kostense-Smit, E., & Muller, J. (2017). Breaking the Barriers to the Circular Economy. Deloitte, (October), 1–13.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-006-0364-9
Barriers to
implement
Circular Economy
Technological
(proven
technologies)
Cultural
(awareness,
willingness)
Regulatory
(Policies for
transition)
Market
(economic
viability, CBMs)
CIRCULAR DESIGN
has been recognized as
one of the activities
needed to overcome the
technical barriers
Technological
(proven
technologies)

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Biopak Zero Waste Scotland
DSM-Niaga
end of life, long life
design for reparation
cultural approach
end of life, long life
design for disassembly
technological approach
end of life, short life
material change
composting (services)

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Technical innovation towards circularity
https://www.plastech.biz/en/news/Engel-joins-forces-with-Top-Grade-Molds-to-boost-recycled-16788

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WABI SABI
Cultural innovation towards circularity

20. All together now!

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Photos by Tom Claes on Unsplash
Can Additive Manufacturing be an
enabler for the implementation of
the Circular Economy?

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● Gebler, M., Schoot Uiterkamp, A. J. M., & Visser, C. (2014). A global
sustainability perspective on 3D printing technologies. Energy
Policy, 74(C), 158–167.
https:/
/doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2014.08.033
● Ford, S., & Despeisse, M. (2016). Additive manufacturing and
sustainability: an exploratory study of the advantages and
challenges. Journal of Cleaner Production, 137, 1573–1587.
https:/
/doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.04.150
● Kreiger, M., & Pearce, J. M. (2013). Environmental Life Cycle
Analysis of Distributed Three-Dimensional Printing and
Conventional Manufacturing of Polymer Products.
https:/
/doi.org/10.1021/sc400093k
● Ford, S., Despeisse, M., & Viljakainen, A. (2015). Extending product
life through additive manufacturing : The sustainability
implications. Global Cleaner Production and Consumption
Conference, (December), 1–4.
https:/
/doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.1.4561.9282
● ...
Desk research: literature Desktop research: case studies

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Circular economy and the long tail of the market
Mass customization?
Product attachment
Longer lasting products?

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Circular economy and the long tail of the market
Digital Manufacturing = Breakthrough
of Mass customization?

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Photos by Tom Claes on Unsplash
How* can Additive Manufacturing
be an enabler for the
implementation of
the Circular Economy?
*Integrated in a design process
Technical focus
Educational & innovation management

26. Design and the Circular sPRINT

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Design is the process of creation of what does not exist yet.

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Design is the process of creation of what does not exist yet.
Design is an intentional act that aims at modifying reality.

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Design is the process of creation of what does not exist yet.
Design is an intentional act that aims at modifying reality,
through tangible outcomes.

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All men are designers.
All what we do, almost all the time,
is design, for design is basic to all
human activity.
Victor Papanek, 1971

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https:/
/mymodernmet.com/funny-kids-drawings-things-i-have-drawn/
Photo by Krista Stucchio on Unsplash

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give order
create order

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technical aspects
(materials, production, assembly, distributions)
socio-technical focus

35. Designerly ways of knowing

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Problem Solution

37. 37
Problem Solution
Solution
Solution

38. SCREENSHOT MOMENT!

39. Project branding-Flag Le
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