The document discusses various English grammar topics including: 1) Using the present simple tense to talk about future events scheduled on a timetable. 2) Using "be about to" plus an infinitive and verbs plus infinitive to refer to actions that will happen soon. 3) Using the present perfect simple tense with words like "just", "for", and "since" to indicate a time frame. 4) How to change direct speech into reported speech by modifying verb tenses and pronouns.

1. NORTHEAST SCHOOL
OF AGRICULTURA
• THIRD FOURT MONTH
PRACTICE ENGLISH 5.
ENGINEER OSCAR GARCIA
GROUP 1.
Willy Rolando de la Cruz Orellana.

2. PRSENT SIMPLE WHIT FUTURE MEANING.
• SIMPLE PRESENT
1. You can use the present simple to talk with future value of:
→ Schedule (transportation) to refer to when they leave (leave)
and when they (arrive).
My plane leaves Alicante on Wednesday at 10:00 a.m. (my flight
leaves in Alicante on Wednesday at 10 am)
The train arrives at 6 (the train arrives at 6)
→ Things scheduled (movies, a football game, a meeting, a
conference ...) to refer to the time you start (begin) or end (end).
The film starts at 7 o'clock (the movie starts at 7)
The football match ends at 11 pm (the football game ends at 11
pm)

3. FUTURE: ‘BE ABOUT TO’ + INFINITIVE Y VERBS + INFINITIVE.
• be about to’ + infinitive: Be about + to-infinitive refers to arranged actions that
happen in the immediate future. It is often used with just:
Hurry up! The ceremony is about to begin!
"Do you have a minute?" "I'm sorry, I'm just about to leave."
• Verbs+ infinitive: Basically, an infinitive verb is a verb With The word "to" in front of
it.
to be
to have
to hold
to sleep
to dream

4. PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE + ‘JUST /FOR/
SINCE’
• Just: ‘Just’ is usually used only with the present perfect tense
and it means ‘a short time ago’.
I’ve just seen Susan coming out of the cinema.
Mike’s just called. Can you ring him back please?
Have you just taken my pen? Where has it gone?
In the present perfect, ‘just’ comes between the auxiliary verb
(‘have’) and the past participle.

5. ORESENT PERFECT SIMPLE FOR AND SINCE:
• Using the present perfect, we can define a period of time before now by considering its duration, with for + a period of time, or by
considering its starting point, with since + a point in time. FOR and SINCE can also both be used with the past perfect. SINCE can only
be used with perfect tenses. FOR can also be used with the simple past.
• For + a period of time
for six years, for a week, for a month, for hours, for two hours
I have worked here for five years.
Since + a point in time
since this morning, since last week, since yesterday
since I was a child, since Wednesday, since 2 o'clock
I have worked here since 1990.
Present perfect with FOR
She has lived here for twenty years.
We have taught at this school for a long time.
Alice has been married forthree months.
They have been at the hotel for a week.
Present perfect with SINCE
She has lived here since 1980.
We have taught at this school since 1965.
Alice has been married since March 2nd.
They have been at the hotel since last Tuesday.

6. REPORTED SPEECH.
• If we report what another person has said, we usually do not
use the speaker’s exact words (direct speech), but reported
(indirect) speech. Therefore, you need to learn how to
transform direct speech into reported speech. The structure is
a little different depending on whether you want to transform a
statement, question or request.

7. PAST TENSES ‘THERE IS / THERE ARE’.
• Has the meaning of "having". Is formed with "there" followed by
the present of the verb "to be" in the singular or plural, as
appropriate.
'There is' is used with singular count nouns and uncountable
nouns.
'There are' used with count nouns in plural.

8. PAST CONTINUOUS.
• Use the Past Continuous to indicate that a longer action in the
past was interrupted. The interruption is usually a shorter
action in the Simple Past. Remember this can be a real
interruption or just an interruption in time.
• Examples:
I was watching TV when she called.
When the phone rang, she was writing a letter.
While we were having the picnic, it started to rain.
What were you doing when the earthquake started?
I was listening to my iPod, so I didn't hear the fire alarm.

9. INTRODUCCTION TO THE PASSIVE VOICE.
The active voice is the norm in any language. The subject of the sentence performs the action described by the verb.
He drinks a glass of water.
The passive voice is the exception, especially in Spanish it is used little, because in Spanish number of alternatives are known to passive voice, such as
passive reflects.
Passive: The car was washed.
Passive reflects: the car is washed.
The passive voice itself occasionally sounds very rare in Spanish.
A glass of milk is drunk.
(By: a glass of milk is drunk.)
The passive voice describes the action that the subject of the sentence "suffers" the subject of the sentence is the goal of the action, but not the person who
does it. The sentence above is obvious that the glass of milk does not perform the action, is the goal of the action.
In general passive or passive reflects if you do not know or do not want to say is used (because of no importance) who performs the action.
Cars washed.
The cars are washed.
These phrases do not tell us who washes the car.
Unlike passive reflects, to which you can not add the executor of the action, the passive voice can add it.
The cars are washed by him.
Passive can describe a process or a process result.
Description of the process: The car was washed.
description of the outcome of a process: The car was washed.
But of course, you may not have resulted without there having been a process before.
He is baptized because he was baptized.
The person who describes a process forms in Spanish with the verb to be, the person who describes a state with the verb to be. English only known verb to
form the passive, to be. Put another way, English is not clearly distinguish between a person who discloses a process and one that describes the result of a
process. If the context does not allow to know what kind of person is the continuously used because continuous forms, as we have seen in previous chapters

10. PRESENT SIMPLE PASIVE.
• It is mainly used to emphasize action rather than who does it.
In Spanish we have several forms of passive as shown in the
example. In English we use the same structure in both cases.
The tree is made of banknotes.
Animals are sold in this shop.

11. EGRAFY.
• http://www.blueblocnotes.com/grammar/passive-
voice/present-simple
• https://www.google.com.gt/#q=introduction%20to%20the%20p
assive%20voice
• https://www.google.com.gt/#q=past+continuous
• https://www.google.com.gt/#q=there+is+there+are
• https://www.google.com.gt/#q=reported+speech
• https://www.google.com.gt/#q=present+perfect+simple
• https://www.google.com.gt/#q=be+about+to+%2B+infinitive
• https://www.google.com.gt/#q=present+simple+with+future
+meaning