7. Principles that should underlie all
listening comprehension courses
an initial
recognizing linguistic signals, and
extralinguistic and paralinguistic clues
spoken english and video and not
audio
should be appropriate
should be considered
8. carefully
natural
cover different kinds of listening, teach,
not test, and should include training in
hypothesis formation, prediction and
making inferences.
pre listening should precede the listening
students should know what they they are
listening for
post listening should follow the listening
10. Development of a strategy based
listening course
Setting
forming Hypothesis
Predicting
making inferences
11. An Extended example of strategy
instruction
need to pay the more attantion to
stressed words
need to learn to identify the sstressed
word
they will not “fall behind and will be
able to follow the stressed words
12. academic listening : Marrying top
and bottom
top : listen to the topic and story Use
the background knowledge
bottom : sound by sound and word by
word use less background
knowledge
13.
14. designing material to bring top
and bottom together
Predicting
Monitoring
Responding
Clarifying
Inferencing
Evaluating
15. Listening
Extensive listening
Intensive listening : using audio
material
Advantages : allow the students to
hear a variety of different
voices
Disadvantages : poor acoustics
16. Who control the recorded material
?
Students control stop and start
students have access to different
machines
Students work in a language
laboratory or listening centre