Population growth refers to the increase in the population of any city, region, or country. Urbanization refers to the population shift from rural to urban areas, the corresponding decrease in the proportion of people living in rural areas, and the ways in which societies adapt to this change. The aim of the study is to find out the association between urban expansion and population growth in Rajshahi city.

1. URP 216: Urban Planning Techniques Studio
A Presentation on
Urban Expansion & Its Association with Population Growth :
A Case Study of Rajshahi
Dr. Md. Sarfaraz Gani Adnan
Assistant Professor
Submitted by
1805002, 1805005, 1805006
K. M. Ashraful Islam
Assistant Professor,
Submitted to
Department of Urban and Regional Planning
Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology

2. Introduction
 Population growth refers to the increase in the population of
any city, region, or country.
 Urbanization refers to the population shift from rural to
urban areas, the corresponding decrease in the proportion of
people living in rural areas, and the ways in which societies
adapt to this change.
 The aim of the study is to find out the association between
urban expansion and population growth in Rajshahi city

3. Study
Area
Rajshahi is the fourth largest
city in Bangladesh which is
located in the northwest part of
the country. It stands on the
bank of the Padma River. The
total area of the Rajshahi
district is 2425.37 sq. km.
In the last 5-10 years, the
Rajshahi is expanded hugely.
Year
Landsat
Image Type
Path/R
ow
Resolution
Cloud
Cover
2000 Landsat 4-5 138/43 30 m 0
2005 Landsat 4-5 138/43 30 m 1.5
2010 Landsat 4-5 138/43 30 m 0
2015 Landsat 8 138/43 30 m 0.81
2020 Landsat 8 138/43 30 m 0.01
Data
Study Area Map
WorldPop Population count data
was also collected for
mentioned years

4. Methodology
The process of calculating the Ratio of
GLCR & UE divided into two steps.
Built-up Area
Extraction
Relationship
Analysis

5. Built-up Area
Extraction
Landsat Images From
USGS
Binary Conversion of
NDBI Image Using
‘Raster Calculator’
NDBI Calculation Using
Raster Calculator
𝑁𝐷𝐵𝐼 =
𝐵𝑎𝑛𝑑 5 − 𝐵𝑎𝑛𝑑 4
𝐵𝑎𝑛𝑑 5 + 𝐵𝑎𝑛𝑑 4
Masking Study Area
Built-up Area
calculation With
Field calculator
𝑖𝑓 𝑁𝐷𝐵𝐼 > 0;
𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑁𝐷𝐵𝐼 = 1; 𝑒𝑙𝑠𝑒 𝑁𝐷𝐵𝐼 = 0
𝑖𝑓 𝑁𝐷𝐵𝐼 > 0.05;
𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑁𝐷𝐵𝐼 = 1; 𝑒𝑙𝑠𝑒 𝑁𝐷𝐵𝐼 = 0

6. Population Growth & Urban
Expansion Relationship Analysis
Population Data from
Worldpop
Masking Study Area
Using ‘Extraction By
Mask’ Tool’
Projection to UTM WGS
45N
Determining Population
size Using ‘Zonal
Statistics As Table’ Tool
Calculation of UE, LCR,
GLCR & GLCR/UE
𝐿𝐶𝑅 =
𝑈𝐴
𝑃
× 100
𝑈𝐸 =
𝑈𝐴 𝑖 + 𝑛 − 𝑈𝐴 𝑖
𝑛 × 𝑈𝐴 𝑖
× 100
𝐺𝐿𝐶𝑅 =
𝐿𝐶𝑅 𝑖 + 𝑛 − 𝐿𝐶𝑅 𝑖
𝑛 × 𝐿𝐶𝑅 𝑖

7. Result & Discussion
Built-up area of the city has increased from 65% to 85%
during 2000-2020 & population increased from 0.5 to 0.8
million.
Figure 1: A layout of Built-up & Non-Built-up area of Rajshahi in
a) 2000, b) 2005, c) 2010, d) 2015, e) 2020.
Figure 2: Expansion of Population Density in
Rajshahi in

8. Year UE LCR GLCR GLCR/UE
2000 - 0.04857 - -
2005 1.86 0.04628 -0.0094 -0.005
2010 0.482 0.04581 -0.002 -0.0042
2015 2.11 0.04385 -0.0085 -0.004
2020 0.1 0.03781 -0.028 -0.028
As the ratio is negative, the population growth is
higher than urban expansion rate.

9. Conclusion
To conclude, there is a significant association between urban expansion
and population growth in Rajshahi city.
Built-up area and population both expanded from 2000 to 2020. But the
population growth rate is higher than urban expansion growth.
The ratio of GLCR and UE is below zero which indicates the vertical
expansion of Rajshahi city.
Vertical expansion should be monitored to avoid overcrowded scenario
and to enjoy a healthy, sustainable city.

10. Thank You