Victorian Socialism In The Victorian Era In The Victorian...

Victorian Socialism In The Victorian Era In The Victorian...
SETTING
The play is set in an unknown city. in Norway, around the 1870's. This time period is known as the
Victorian Era. Victoria at that time influenced the society in many ways, as England was a super
power that reached the Industrial Revolution. All time periods carry with them customs and
expectations that are evident in the social behaviours and dynamics of the people. The Victorian
mindset is quite evident in the Helmer household and will influence the outcome of the play in a
variety of ways. The family shown is the respectable upper middle class of the Victorian era. This
social stratum was made of individuals who were financially successful and stable but still had to
earn their living through work. Torvald, for example, lived well and provided well for his family, but
still had to warn and advise Nora on how to spend the hard–earned money. Nevertheless, people like
the Helmers could enjoy hobbies and entertainments of leisure, such as attending costume balls,
paying social visits, and keeping servants. All of this was common practice for all Victorian upper
classes throughout Europe and even in the Netherlands. During the time period where this play takes
place, a lot of changes had taken place in society. The Industrial ... Show more content on
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CHRISTMAS TREE
The Christmas tree, a festive object meant to serve a decorative purpose, it shows Nora's position as
a plaything who is pleasing to look at and adds charm to the home. There are several parallels drawn
between Nora and the Christmas tree in the play. Just as Nora instructs the maid that the children
cannot see the tree until it has been decorated, she tells Torvald that no one can see her in her dress
until the evening of the dance. Also, at the beginning of the Act II, after Nora's psychological
condition has begun to erode, the stage directions indicate that the Christmas tree is correspondingly
"dishevelled."
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Waste In The Victorian Era
Sewage would only worsen the issues of the Victorian Era making it terribly inferior to many
citizens of London. Hospitals were not the only problem because the disposal of waste might have
been just as evenly bad. "How to dispose of the accumulated waste was a problem that preoccupied
the minds of countless reformers, engineers, scientists, and amateur sanitarians, but the problem
acquired a particular urgency because the retention of waste in the city was associated with disease
and even death..." (Cleansing the City p. 9–10). Many places in London had terrible sewage issues
and it became evident that the sewage was so bad because no one knew how to dispose of the waste.
The waste was very dangerous and many people did not want to deal with it due to the many
diseases and bad liabilities carried with it. The nineteenth century needed a sanitary reform right
away because in many places like London were being taken over and run by sanitation issues.
"Together the two passages reveal the heightened symbolism of filth in the period and, more
specifically, the way filth embodied the challenges of the urban condition. Indeed, sanitary discourse
became an important vehicle for expressing concerns about the disorder associated with the
Victorian city" (Cleansing the City p. 14). The following two passages the author is referring to are
from Dombey and Son by Charles Dickens, an influential writer of the Victorian Era. London was
literally demanding change because the sanitary reform

The Era Of The Victorian Era
Right now the world is full of hatred, war, and disrespect, but it has not always been this
way. During the reign of Queen Victoria, people learned how to control themselves and get
along with one another; this is called the Victorian Era. The Victorian Era is known for being a
time of peace and serenity, but also a time that transformed a culture. Although our own
generation has come a long way culturally, we still use some of the same ideas from the
Victorian Era.
During this time period especially, people's social status defined who they were and their
capabilities. For instance, if you worked a "hard–labor" job you'd be considered the "working
class." The working class was mistreated, had poor working conditions and they were paid low
wages. On top of all that they were not allowed to participate in any political affairs and typically
were not the most skilled workers. Therefore, they did not often get promoted to a higher ranking
job. The most popular of the social classes was the rapidly expanding "middle class." The middle
class workers were the ones that had the opportunity to grow their wealth and status. It was this
group who established the Trade or Labor Unions. The Trade Union allowed the middle class to
improve working conditions, health benefits, and pay. These changes allowed the middle class to
increase their social status and become more easily identified with the "upper class." The minute
group of people that composed the

Essay On Victorian Era
Victorian Era (1837–1901), the reign of Queen Victoria. The Victorian age was flourished with
various social and religious movements and sometimes been called as "Second English
Renaissance". The year 1830 is usually considered as an end to Romantic period in Britain and
marked the starting date for Victorianism. The Victorians were often called "prudish and repressive".
They seem to be the great enemies of sexuality. Middle–Class Victorians attempt to hide, evade,
repress, deny the idea of sexuality. This was the period where women do not have sexual desires and
work in the service of men. The sexual desire was thought to be only present in men and if a women
shows sexual desire, it was considered as a disease which need to be removed as soon ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
The society has specified certain "separate spheres" for women and men. Men has the domain
outside the house and women were supposed to work for the household, do their household duty.
This dramatic division between the genders was assumed to follow middle– and upper–class
women's natural roles; as the perceived weaker sex, they were physically and mentally built to be
wives and mothers, and nothing more. A reformer Jane Addams called the dominating life of
Victorian women as " family claim". Women are the possessions of their family, they possess a
claim on the female member of their family. Physical demands of the house work, nursing, maids,
house productions, weak state, birth control are the reasons why they are called family possessions.
How much a women may progress but her identity will remain the same. Frued's philosophy about
women says that women is defined by lack and male by abundance. Male the giver and female the
receiver. Women are always seen subordinate to men. This period was well known for its social
structure. As the social classes in this age is now newly reforming, the middle class is

The Victorian Era And The Colonial Era
Savannah Workman
Professor Tehseen Ifran
English 202
31 January 2016
The Victorian Era The Victorian Era or the romantic period was a time in which Queen Victoria
ruled the throne. The Victorian period formally began in 1837 the year in which Victoria became the
Queen of England and ended in 1901 the year in which she was laid to rest. In this paper, I will
discuss Queen Victoria's life or what we all know to be "The Victorian Era." I will highlight some of
the most powerful events that occurred during this time, the many reforms that were passed during
Queen Victoria's ruling, I will discuss the political, cultural, and social developments of this time
period. I will speak about some inventions of the Victorian Era, and the two main political parties
better known as the Tory and Whigs that were popular during this age. You will discover what
imperialism is, the commonwealth, The British Monarch and why and how Victoria was such a
remarkable monarch. I will even tell you some of the most interesting facts that I have learned to be
true about Queen Victoria.
First a little back history, May 24, 1819 marked a birth in history that most definitely did not go
unnoticed. Born into a royal family in Kensington Palace came the one and only Princess
Alexandrina Victoria. Victoria may have been born into royalty but, she actually grew up not being
surrounded by wealth. She grew up in a normal home instead of a palace. Little did the princess
know that she would become heir to the

The Victorian Era
The Victorian era ranging from 1837–1901 is named after Queen Victoria who as corded the throne
of Great Britain and Ireland in 1837. She served for a period of 64 years, till her death in 1901 and
her period was marked by many important social and historical changes that altered the nation in
many ways. The population was doubled, the British Empire expanded exponentially and
technological and industrial progress helped Britain become the most powerful country in the world
(Brown&Simpson, 2013). While the country saw economic progress, poverty and exploitation were
also equally a part of it. The gap between the rich and the poor increased expressively and the drive
for material and commercial success was seen to propagate. Moreover a kind of a moral decay in the
society was witnessed. One of the most important factors that defined the age was its stress on
morality. Strict societal codes were enforced and certain activities were openly looked down upon.
These codes were even harsher for women. A feminine code of conduct was imposed on them which
described every aspect of their being from the proper apparels to how inverse; everything had rules
(Brown&Simpson, 2013). The role of women was mostly that of being angels of the house and
restricted to domestic confines. Professionally very few options were available to them as a woman
could either become a governess or a teacher in rich households. Hence they were financially
dependent on their husbands and fathers for their

Gender Roles In The Victorian Era
The Victorian Era in England followed a book of moral codes for different topics, subjects,
subtopics, etc. The Victorian era was a religious era that strictly followed gender roles and sexuality.
Gender roles included men superiority, female purity, and proper behavior. Sexuality was treated as
heresy, with public display of affection frowned upon. Everything must follow the code of morals;
these rules were supported by the Church.
The female role was not greatly affected by reign of Queen Victoria, as the role of a woman was at
home, being the perfect wife and mother to her husband and children, respectively. At a young age,
women were groomed and taught only the essentials, such as being "innocent, virtuous, biddable,
dutiful and be ignorant of intellectual opinion..." as well as "being able to sing, play an instrument
and [to] speak a little French or Italian" (Thomas, Pauline Weston). These qualities were taught to
women so that they may serve their husbands and create an atmosphere of comfort for her husband
and family. A woman was not to create problems and to be able to run the house smoothly, so that
the man may focus on his work and be able to return to his home and relax.
The women held considerable power within the household, yet lacked the same respect or equality
as men. The reasoning for the mistreatment ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A common woman would care for the children, housework, or any type of work opportunity that had
similar qualities of housework (domestic service for middle–class families, shop keeping, etc.). A
woman of higher class did not need to worry about work as her husband was the expected
breadwinner for the family. Women required more education for their household roles and to be
coached and trained, like a purebred dog, so that she may be a refined, fragile woman educated in
the arts and well–mannered for guests. Her appearance represented her household, as she was to be
seen as a trophy wife to validate the wealth of a

Era Of The Victorian Era
The Victorian Era is so named after it's ruler and one of the most influential historical figured to
have ever lived, Queen Alexandrina Victoria(Born on the 24th of May 1819 and died on 22nd of
January, 1901). It is the era in which British Imperial ambitions reached their peak and one full of
accomplishments and upheavals, an era with its own unique outlook on matters and particularities of
morality.
Historians generally agree that the era stretches from 1837 to 1901, thus encompassing the reign of
its eponymous Queen. Victoria inherited the throne at the age of eighteen, on the death of her uncle,
William IV. Her official title was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and in
1877 she also became The Empress of India through the Royal Titles Act.
She married Prince Albert in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Finally in 1884, the Third Reform Act granted the right to vote to all men who were householders.
Britain underwent a rapid industrial revolution during the Victorian age, due to the Victorian
engineers using steam power, which provided far increased production. Thus a factory system
emerged and for the first time in the history of Britain there lived more people in urban areas than in
the countryside, as the majority of the job market was now to be found in said factories. Railways
were built and facilitated easier travel, as well ease of transport for goods.
This invariably lead to much pollution, squalor and bad hygiene as more and more people lived in
cramp urban spaces, factories produced waste, and said waste was dumped into the Thames, which
had been an English habit. This climaxed into The Great Stink, in the summer of 1858, which had
generated a smell so foul that most of London's population refused to leave their homes due to it.
Quite a number of literary schools, artistic styles and social movements flourished during this era. It
has been sometimes called the Second English Renaissance and is a culturally defining part of the
British Empire's

Clothing In The Victorian Era
Perhaps the most important article of clothing for a Victorian woman was a dress. Without a dress,
most of the other items would have no purpose! The Victorian era was the first recorded time
pockets were sewn inside dresses for storage (Rowland–Warne 30). It was also when mass clothing
production began a reality using the innovative sewing machine (Rowland–Warne 40). Towards the
beginning to middle of the Victorian era, the dresses were bell–shaped and thick, especially after the
invention of the crinoline (Rowland–Warne 42). Then, towards the end of the era, women
abandoned the crinoline for the bustle, which dramatically changed the shape of their dresses
(Rowland–Warne 40). Both these dress styles were beautiful, but they had deadly affects,
particularly to the dress makers. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This was due to poisoning by arsenic, a chemical used to create a bright green coloring, hence the
victim's side effects (The Arsenic Dress 2015). To the wearer of the dress, the arsenic contacting
their skin would sometimes leave them with sores and discolored spots (The Arsenic Dress 2015).
Arsenic was not only used in dresses, but also household objects and other clothing items (Killer
Clothing 2016). Flammable dresses were not uncommon, and women who wore them were at high–
risk as they often used open flames (Killer Clothing 2016). The beautiful dresses were not as
delicate and innocent as they seem to be, but have been proved to be quite the health and safety

Medicine In The Victorian Era
Health and Medicine in the Victorian Age
The Victorian era was the regime faced with a lot of challenges in the health sector and enormous
counter development to solve the health disasters. This happened during Queen Victoria's time
(1837–1901). During the era, England is said to have made progress in development including the
health and medicine areas. The paper will project the challenges in health experienced and the
solutions to them arrived at by different scholars of their time.
In the 17th century, vaccination, pathology and obstetrics were the best advances. They form the
basis of the 18th century in the field of medicine. England experienced a large burst in the industrial
development in the century. The industrial growth came with its problems such as congestions of
workers in the urban areas. Due the population pressure, diseases such as tuberculosis, smallpox,
typhus etc. The population become vulnerable to the outbreaks since they were poor living in
unsanitary housing and unable to get medical assistance. In 1848 the Public Health Act formed a
health board to investigate the sanitation conditions and they were to give the recommendations to
the general board. (Robinson) ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He stated a case study in Soho, central London where there was a contaminated well was the cause
of cholera in the area. He recommended the removal of the pump and the boiling of water before
consumption. This reported decrease cases of deaths caused by cholera. John Simon, chief medical
officer, extended Snow's work by investigating other communicable diseases such as typhoid and
diphtheria. Simon with time had gained influence and he was able to come up with legislations
which were helpful in the health sector to reduce the communicable diseases.

The Victorian Era Of Victorian England
The Victorian era was between 1837 till 1901. It was a time of the industrial revolution, new
inventions and where the country earned the name Great Britain. But with all of these positive
events there were many downfalls such as the increase of poverty and disease. Many authors saw
this as an opportunity to show the reality of Great Britain , for example Charles Dickens wrote many
novels. He talked about differences in classes and that even with all the money in the world your
wealth has little to no value if you are not happy and healthy whereas the poor have to work harder
and earn their money for family with meagre financial rewards for the work they do. But all of this
aside what were the conditions like in Victorian England?
The ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They had long working hours the shifts tended to be between 12–14 hours long at the minimum and
extra time for busy periods, even with working these long strenuous hours they earned little to
nothing, on average the men earned 15 shillings a week whereas women earned 7 and children
earned 3 . They often employed more women and children as they were cheaper to pay. As well as
getting children to work in factories they also had orphans from the workhouses who also worked 12
hour shifts and who in barracks attached to the factory by beds. The health conditions in factories
were very low as well , for example cotton thread had to be spun in warm conditions and leaving the
factory in the night would lead to some people contracting pneumonia due to the sudden change in
temperature. Additionally, the air was full of dust which allowed some people to get chest and lung
diseases and the loud sounds coming from the machines impaired people 's ability to hear properly.
The population was also rapidly increasing due to industrialisation as people wanted to come to
London in hope of a new start. People in rural areas wanted to go to towns as in their area of living
they usually had seasonal jobs meaning they were unemployed most of the season and due to the
growing population there were no jobs

Stereotypes In The Victorian Era
Nineteenth century England may have been called the Victorian Age in honor of their queen, but
their respect for women began and ended there. Jane Austen's Emma takes place amid the illustrious
Industrial Revolution, known far and wide for its development of machine tools and the upsurge of
the factory system. What is less pointed out about this prominent era is the counterproductive
segregation it placed upon gender roles. While men rose like kings, reveling in the opportunities
afforded to them through the technological boom, women were left even further suppressed by the
prejudiced stereotypes, fashion, and sexuality of the time. Although the Industrial Revolution played
a vital protagonist in the creating of the world we know today, not everyone benefited as much as
others.
Women, and even men, living in the world during nineteenth century England were miserably bound
to the stereotypes of their time. For instance, women were thought to be pure, innocent, and morally
superior, while their sexual counterparts were considered tainted, worldly, and ruled by ambition and
desire. Not much observation was necessary to realize the characteristics used to describe these
gender roles were polar ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
During this period of England, women wore long skirts with layers of petticoats and crinolines. This
was generally meant to cover their bodies in a modest fashion. Eventually, corsets became
popularized, making women's breathing far more challenging. As a result, any sudden burst of
excitement or improper situation typically followed by the person fainting. This happened so often,
it was simply accepted as a normal part of their lives. Another reason behind the excessive dress
code came from the difficulty required to dress and undress. Even though women were assumed to
have no sexual hunger, this inconvenience was intended to curb any desires they might have

The Victorian Empire During The Victorian Era
"The empire on which the sun never sets" was used to describe the British empire during Queen
Victoria's reign, also known as the Victorian Era. Queen Victoria assumed control of her reign at the
young age of eighteen, and her successful reign lasted for over sixty years. Britain was an extremely
large empire during Queen Victoria's rule; her ruling was filled with powerful changes, politically
and economically, and advancements that left a lasting impact. While the Victorian era was an
important era, many aspects of it are unique in relation to today's times. For example, the food eaten
during the Victorian era was quite different than the food eaten in today's period. During the
Victorian era, the various social classes ate different types of food. There were three different social
classes: the lower class, the middle class, and the upper class. The people of each class's meals
depended on the ingredients available for their circumstances (Brookfield). From the lower class,
who ate low–quality food, to the higher class, who ate high–quality food, the type of food and
amount of food affected the people of each social class in many ways.
The diet of the lower class reflects the harsh repercussions of being in the lower class (Wohl).
Popular meals for the lower class included potato pies, sick and premature farm animals, as well as
the waste products of different meats (Wohl). "If the rural poor ate birds then the urban poor ate
pairings of tripe, slink (prematurely born calves), or broxy (diseased sheep)" (Wohl). There was a
notable difference between the diets of the poor children and the other classes of children. The poor
children's meals consisted of rotten vegetables and the waste parts of a potato ("Victorian Food").
Due to the fact that meat was more expensive than the vegetables eaten during the Victorian era, it
was a rare event for the poor to have the luxury of eating meat, resulting in cheaper vegetables such
as potatoes being the exclusive food eaten ("Victorian Food"). The lower class ate whatever was
possible with the amount of money they had, which resulted in a low amount of food ("Victorian
Children"). Fortunately for the lower class, the prices of food essentials, such as bread and butter,

Victorian Era Medicine
The Ideas of Medicine and Health in Victorian England
Did you know that in the Victorian Era a traditional idea of the body included of woman being
smaller version of men. This was a common idea explored in the Victorian era; however, the
research states differently. As a result, this idea was not a fact rather a misconception caused due to
the lack of education and research. The Victorian era was a period in 1837 to 1901 ruled by Queen
Victoria, who became a queen at the age of eighteen and ruled until 1901. In this time period, many
people had an lack of education and most of the Victorians had miniscule knowledge about the
human body. Respected people and doctors knew more about the human body than a majority of the
public. As people became ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The medical field and public health in the Victorian times was developing because the ideas of
public health were changing, the advancements in medical science, and the new inventions of
medicine. In the 19th century, there were a lot of misconceptions of the public health which caused
the public to realize afterwards. The doctors made advancements in the medical field by researching
and practicing treatments. Finally, the new discoveries that were being made were crucial for
humans to understand more about medicine. Last of all, humans have come very far in the medical
field and for humans to survive it is very crucial that we keep moving forwards and not

The Victorian Era Of Victorian England
The Victorian era was the period of Queen Victoria's reign from 1837 until 1901 when she died.
Although the Victorian era was good for the United Kingdom in many ways, it was also a time
where there were great differences in gender equality leaving women with very few rights.
Therefore, making it a period when women began to demand equal treatment to men and although
their rights would not be equal until the 20th Century, Victorian women started the idea. This essay
looks at 5 key areas of Victorian life to show the gender and sexuality issues that existed. First, it
will describe the Victorian idea of 'separate spheres' for men and women. Second, it will look at
education and work to show how difficult it was for women to be ... Show more content on
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In this era, everything revolved around gender and the way other people saw you was always based
upon this.
For women it was a very different story, they were expected to be innocent. They were only seen to
have a use in domestics so were forced to stay at home to cook, clean and only take an interest in
what their husbands wanted, leaving them with no freedom of their own. They, themselves, were not
allowed to be educated or know a world outside the home chores. They were also expected to raise
their children and prepare them for the life ahead if them, without knowing much about it
themselves. From this they gained the nickname 'angels of their homes', which sounds a lot more
exciting than it really was.
At the start of the Victorian era many children did not go to school and most worked in factories.
There were some good boys' schools around, but only rich families could afford to pay the fees, so
even if you were male, the wealth of your family determined whether your life would lead to
something worthwhile or not. Girls did not go to school at all at the start of the era, so were left with
little, if any, education. Girls from wealthy families could be taught at home by a governess, but
only the minority had this luxury. From 1833, this all changed and the English parliament began to
provide schools for poor children. The Forster elementary act

Victorian Era Women
During the Victorian era most Victorians had a strong belief in romantic love. It definitely was not a
normal for people to sleep with one another before they were married. Younger women were
generally expected to remain a virgin until they were married. Sometimes even though two people
were married, it was not because they were in love. The upper and middle class women were
monitored, and were never left alone with any of the young men. Romance for the Victorians could
be a dramatic and dangerous affair according to newspaper articles of the Victorian time era. During
the Victorian era Queen Elizabeth reigned. The Victorian period was a time in which many different
changes in England took place. At this time England was finally considered ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
If a man were to meet a lady that he wished to become better acquainted with, he had to find a
mutual friend between the two of them so that the mutual friend could introduce him. During the
Victorian time period flirting was permitted at most social events. Some flirting techniques during
the Victorian time period included the use of various personal accessories such as fans, parasols, and
gloves to relay messages of interest or disinterest. Once a man and woman are formally introduced,
a gentlemen was allowed to offer to walk a young woman home by presenting her with a card that
asked if he could be her escort. The woman would then present a card to the gentlemen giving him
her answer. During an evening a woman could collect many cards from different gentlemen but the
one that she prefers the most would get a card from her and this meant that she had accepted his
offer to be escorted home. Even during the walk home the gentlemen and the woman had to walk
apart from one another. A gentlemen was only allowed to offer a woman his hand while walking
over rough spots. This was the only contact that they could have with one another since the woman
was not his

Sexuality In The Victorian Era
The Victorian generation was a time of harsh restraints on sexuality for everyone, but in particular
women. It was a time when sexual repression used to be viewed as an best trait of the well–bred girl.
In an technology when the subjects of the time were "the cult of true womanhood" and the "code of
chivalry" it was once to be expected that ladies could be sexually ignorant and repressed.
For the period of Victorian instances, as a way to be considered a woman, one would abstain from
normal wish. In other words, no sex, and only virgins were viewed appropriate ladies. The "cult of
real womanhood" dictated that submissiveness, purity and piety were the features of a woman.
Instead of embracing womanhood, the rush was extra towards making ... Show more content on
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These have been social "no–no's." A younger lady could be kept in her father's residence at the same
time being closely watched through her mom in order that she did not stray, for an unclean or
impure girl would not be able of discovering a husband. Within the Victorian era, the one duty of
females – and the only real method of acquiring society's respect – was to get married, hold a
excellent dwelling and have kids.
Sexual repression abounded. The only ladies deemed worthy of marriage were those who abstained
from sexual recreation. This lead to a flourishing prostitution trade. Although the male used to be
pushed to manipulate his ordinary instincts, they were viewed too vulnerable to manage them on
their own. So that they utilized prostitutes. Single women most likely turned to prostitution, so that
you could make money and to satisfy their innermost desires – as good as those of the men they
attended.
From a societal standpoint, copy was once the one rationale for intercourse. Actually, procreation
used to be the only authorised reason for sex even between married humans. Intercourse was once
not to be engaged in for enjoyment nor achievement, between a person and his spouse. Marital
intercourse was once noticeable as a shameful necessity to married existence. And even there, many
higher center classification couples confirmed their refinement by now not having children and no
longer having

Victorian Era Games
Have you ever wondered what games were played in the Victorian Era. There are many different
types of games that you can play, but I'm just going to give a few examples of what games they
played back then. First game that we are going to talk about is Lawn Tennis. Lawn Tennis was first
invented in 1874. Tennis was one of the most enjoyed sports in the Victorian Era, although tennis
can be traced to fourteenth century France. The game was played in nineteenth century United
States, but it was invented in England. Major T.H . Gem and Mr. Perera are created with creating the
game. The first tennis tournament was played at Nahant, Massachusetts, in 1876. William Appleton,
James Dwight, and Fred R. Sears organized the event. Dwight and Sears battled their way through
the rest of the competition and they met in the finals. Dwight beat Sears three to zero sets.
Another popular game that was played in the Victorian Era is Twenty Questions. Twenty Questions
is a classic that has been played during the 19th century. What you do is one thinks of a person,
place, or thing and the other people are the guessers and the have Twenty opportunities to guess
what the object is. It is also a great game for long boring car trips and It ... Show more content on
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One person out of the group will be blindfolded and will have to count to twenty while the others
scatter and try to hide. Then after everybody is hidden and the person that is it has counted to twenty
he tries to go find everyone blindfolded. They have to identify if its a boy or a girl and they have to
say their name and it has to be correct. Once they find out who it is the person that was it takes off
her blindfold and the person that was found has to be blindfolded and the game will begin again.
These games that were played in the Victorian Era are very interesting, but some are complicated to
play, but if you can go out and try out some of these games for

Victorian Era Research Paper
During the Victorian era many events had taken place. The people were ruled by a monarchy, had
many different jobs depending on their skill, and many things had taken place in the Victorian era.
There is a reason that the Victorian era it is because during the time the woman that had ruled was
named victoria. The era was ruled by a queen.
The victorian era was ruled by a monarchy. The queen that was part of the monarchy was queen
victoria since 1688. A monarchy and a parliament, It has a queen or a king that rules everyone. A
parliament consists of a house of lords and a house of commons. Being a monarchy the people
couldn't choose who would make their laws.
The Victorian era gave people jobs based on their skills, age, and gender. Professions

The Awakening In The Victorian Era
Kate Chopin was a writer from 1890 up to the time of her death in 1904. She became a writer after
he husband's death in 1882. She wrote The Awakening in the Victorian Era, in 1898. During the
Victorian Era time period there were a lot of social and culture issues happening along with
historical issues. Social and cultural issues which included gender issues and class issues. Historical
events such as wars and other authors also could have influenced Kate Chopin's writing. In the
Victorian time period there was not only Kate Chopin's "The Awakening" being published, there
were also historical events such as Wars. During that time there was the Spanish–American War that
could influenced her writing. The Spanish–American war started when Spain sunk Battleship Maine
off the coast of Cuba (Spanish–American War). It was also the fight for independence in Spain.
There was also the Philippine–American war happening as well. The Philippine–American War was
after the Spanish–American. In the Philippine–American War about 200,000 civilians died from
disease or violence (Welch Jr). The wars could have influenced her writing because since her book
was about her wanting personal freedom in her marriage so she could of wrote the book out of envy.
She could have been envious of the women that their husbands were off fighting in the war and that
they had personal freedom she did not. She also wrote about scandalous acts. During the Victorian
time period some social issues were going on

Role Of Transportation In The Victorian Era
The Victorian Era spanned over sixty years of British history, during which Queen Victoria ruled the
country. During this era, great improvements were made in the area of transportation. These
innovative changes produced larger and faster ways to travel for less money. In Charles Dickens' A
Tale of Two Cities, horse drawn carriages are used as the most prevalent form of transportation.
Transportation in the British Victorian Era was vastly different than today's transportation as
evidenced in Dickens' "A Tale of Two Cities."
During the Victorian Era there were very few modes of transportation. The most widely used forms
of transportation during this time were horse drawn carriages, ships, trains, and walking. Types of
transportation were greatly improved during the time leading up to the Victorian Era. Carriages
provided for faster transportation of a large number of people for less money. Ships had been ...
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"In every respect, this was a revolutionary transformation –– more revolutionary, in its way, than the
rise of the cotton industry because it represented a far more advanced phase of industrialization and
one bearing on the life of the ordinary citizen outside the rather small areas of actual industry"
(Hobsbawm). Finally, there was an easier way to bridge the gap between country and city life. This
technological advancement changed peoples lived drastically, mainly because it was so much faster
than anything before.
Over a century has passed and technology has never slowed down since. Today, the people of
Britain, both wealthy and poor, have so many more transportation choices. Over the years, as the
scientific revolution allowed, more varied and cheaper ways of travelling were invented. In present
day Britain, there are a lot of ways that people get around. You no longer have to be rich to get
where you are going in a safe and timely

Servants In The Victorian Era
Victorian servants The Victorian servants in the Victorian era. The hiring of the Victorian servants
how they act with one another their wages they make and their masters and mistresses. Domestic or
menial servants were originally so called from the fact that they lived within the walls of their
master's house(Seely). The word servant could range from many different things. They have
housekeeping, cook, kitchen maids, house maids, nurses, butlers, valets, coachmen, footmen,
grooms, gardeners, etc. The hiring of the Victorian servants they are usually hired by the year. The
wages are payable quarterly. The servants are bound to give up their whole time to their masters and

Describe The Victorian Era
The Victorian Age (1830–1901)
Introduction
The Victorian era is a term used to refer to the period during which Britain was under the control of
Queen Victoria. It was a period that was different from all the other periods in the history of Britain.
The Victorian era was before the Georgian era. This period of British history has lasted about 63
years, starting from when Queen Victoria began to rule in 1837 and ended when she died in 1901.
This essay aims to completely describe the Victorian era, the reason why I choose this era
specifically is because one of the greatest novels that I have read were written in that era, therefore I
would like to analyze this era in order to know what happened in that era and what influenced the
authors to write such great novels.
Queen Victoria In 1840 Victoria was only 18 years old and she married a ... Show more content on
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During the Victorian era, women did not have any rights, and they were abused and oppressed, as a
result, policies in against discriminatory laws were existed. Women could not vote, could not own a
property and they could not hold professional jobs apart from teachers or a domestic servant, factory
workers or agricultural labors. At that time society did not consider that women need a proper
education and consequently it was only for men. As a result, it was rare to find women in skilled
jobs that required higher or intermediate education. Women then were generally expected to be
housekeepers or housewives .The role of women did not go beyond a wife or mother who took care
of her children and maintained her house of her husband in proper order. Furthermore, the status of
women their rights and duties cannot be generalized since they varied according to the social class a
woman come from. That means social class determines the traditional of women's life in which they
live and work depending

What Are The Differences Of The Victorian Era
The Victorian Era was a very interesting time period. There were many differences and similarities
between that time time period to this day now. During the Victorian Era was such a difficult time to
people that wouldn't have as much power. Many things developed from that time like for example
criminology, medical science, clothing, and education. Some other things stayed mostly the same
like sports and social class. The Victorian Era time period would be a challenging time to be in.
During this time period laws had an impact on the people. Tensions started to raise between all
social classes. Many laws made middle class out rage the poor with their attitudes and actions
(Swisher 52–53). However, poor laws had aided those in poverty (Swisher ... Show more content on
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A policeman was not merely a guardian for peace, he was part of social life (Taylor 123). In a back
street and slum he didn't stand for law and order instead they seemed as the best friend of people
who needed a counselor or protector (Taylor 123). The poor in general looked at policemen with
fear and dislike, even though a police wasn't really someone to be afraid of (Taylor 123). Police also
had negative views among otherwise respectable members of working class society (Taylor 138).
There was an unflattering list of police shortcomings like: discrimination against the poor,
corruption, sexism, and petty favoritism (Taylor 138). Then as time passed police had developed
throughout the years. As there was more protection coming from trained police officers, the public's
attitude had changed more towards them (Swisher 91). At first people resisted to the changes of
having established police forces (Swisher 91). In other parts there were many differences with police
developments, but for instance there were similarities as well between North and South of the border
(Taylor 126). Police developments kept on going on, but crimes during those days were very
suspicious. During those days murders by women were less

Mourning Etiquette In The Victorian Era
Background on the time period: The Victorian era was the time period between the years 1837 and
1901. It was named after Queen Alexandrina Victoria Guelph who became the Queen of Britain and
Ireland. When her husband, Prince Albert died December 14, 1861, at the age of 42, Queen Victoria
went into deep mourning, which she remained in until her death. Toward the end of the 19th century,
people and trends were changing as were the thoughts on mourning etiquette. The Queen of
England, being the biggest trend setter of the day, kept mourning a tradition, most followed her
example and continued to practice strict mourning etiquette until after her death and the start of the
20th century. Quality of life had improved for the average person by the Victorian Era. People
expected to live long lives and when young people died, which they frequently did, it was seen as
tragic and terrible. During the 19th century death was a constant fact of life. People died from
disease, lack of proper medical care, inadequate food, poor sanitary conditions, accidents on the
farm, fire, and war. The Industrial Revolution just added on to the list of things you could die from.
It created an environment in which accidents led to the deaths of many workers who were men,
women, and even children. The most common death for women was related to childbirth
complications. The average person's lifespan was around 50 years of age. The mortality rate for
children was especially high. One– third of all

Victorian Era In The Victorian Era
As I began my journey through this research project I knew I wanted to focus on England, as it is
one of the oldest counties and has such an intriguing story. With a history filled with rises and falls
in laced with power and corruption and flourishing fueled by the industrial revolution, England is a
legend in itself. Riddled with rolling hills and intricate underlying structures that make England's
geographical map look more like the work of a craftful painter. (England) As I peeled back the many
layers of English history I found myself entranced by the Victorian Era. Its namesake Queen
Victoria, known for bring respect and honor back to the royal family. This was founded upon one of
the earliest constitutional monarchs in the world, that is still in place today. The Victorian era had a
very harsh and unforgiving economy that led to poverty flooding throughout the country, and a hate
for immigrants rising. The lives of the people were influenced heavily by the church and controlled
almost all of their daily lives. (Victorian era England & Life of Victorians) Looking throughout the
many years of the Victorian era, one year stuck out to me as a very important time for England. This
year was 1888, in the wake of the industrial revolution big business thrived while poverty was at an
all time high and the country was in fear due to the Jack the Ripper murders. (White) Through these
two events arised a whole new kind of journalism, called "new journalism". (Schlack)

Victorian Era Women
"Past women and the Aftermath"
Women of our time have change so much to compare to women in the past. I must admit in my
experience, I have seen things that weren't so great. Although as I look closer at others, women have
become stronger, smarter, and proved themselves in so many ways. As I research about women from
the Victorian Era and the present. I must say we are very lucky. Also upset for there are women out
there that doesn't understand that they think their lives are hard when women back then had worse.
We get to be whoever we want to be to prove men that they are wrong. They challenged us in the
past look what happened. We challenged them looked what happened as well. So we mostly ended
up as equals. That's great! Now ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The men made it harder for them. There was so much abuse that one can't probably count. As soon
as a woman is married to a husband all the money she makes, all that she has including her body
belongs him, her identity ceased to exist. It is his property. His word is law. The husbands were
apparently able to get away with abusing their family anyway they please. Beating, starving, and
cheat on them if they wanted. If a woman didn't do her wifely duties they get severely punished for
it. The women can't do anything like divorce for it was taboo. Marriage to women was like a ball
and chain to them.
"If there was no choice"
Women who don't marry get it just as bad. Except they not only do they get abuse from men. They
are led to either working in the factories, be a servant or become prostitutes. They suitably can't do
nothing about that. Men would laugh at their everyday struggles. Some would probably punish them
for not working hard enough. These women didn't keep their money as they made every day. They
were lucky if they did.
"What would the men think

Victorian Gender Roles In The Victorian Era In England
The most common way to characterize a society at a given time is to divide it into social classes and
evaluate the differences between each group. However, the period known as the Victorian era in
England, from 1837 to 1901, witnessed such polarized gender roles that it can also be analyzed
according to the different functions assigned to men and women, more commonly known as the
ideology of separate spheres. The separate spheres framework holds that "men possessed the
capacity for reason, action, aggression, independence, and self–interest [thus belonging to the public
sphere]. Women inhabited a separate, private sphere, one suitable for the so called inherent qualities
of femininity: emotion, passivity, submission, dependence, and selflessness, all derived, it was
claimed insistently, form women's sexual and reproductive organization". Following such principles
allowed men, allegedly controlled by their mind or intellectual strength, to dominate society, to be
the governing sex, given that they were viewed as rational, brave, and independent. Women, on the
other hand, were dominated by their sexuality, and were expected to fall silently into the social mold
crafted by men, since they were regarded as irrational, sensitive, and dutiful. As Susan Kent
observes: "Women were so exclusively identified by their sexual functions that nineteenth–century
society came to regard them as 'the Sex'"1. This essay will examine the Victorian social institutions
of marriage, motherhood,

Religion In The Victorian Era
During the Victorian Era, England was a Christian country. The only big non–Christian faith was
Judaism. During the Victorian era everyone read the Bible and went to church on Sunday. The Bible
was taken as the literal truth and was the foundation of virtuous behavior which became known as
Victorianism. During this time, text books and games were based on religion and virtues. It was
believed that, by the help of religion, all crime and poverty would end. The Victorian society was
strongly and universally religious, and the Victorians embraced the models brought on by
Christianity. Although achievements in science and technology became more and more popular, do
to this religion began a downhill slide. It's theories and beliefs remained ... Show more content on
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One of these great writers is John Henry Newman. Newman went to school at Oxford, where he
tutored at after. Later in life he became a Roman Catholic Cardinal. Another fantastic writer is John
Keble. Keble was also educated at Oxford, he was one of the leaders of the Oxford movement and
authored many religious tracts that expressed the movement's theological bases. Keble College at
Oxford University is named after him. Another writer, perhaps the most influential, is Edward
Bouverie Pusey. The Church of England suspended him from preaching for two years, because of a
sermon, he said where he heartened back to pre reform practices and ideas. As a result of the
ensuing scandal, printed copies of Pusey's offending sermon became a best–seller, attracting many
new adherents, including John Henry Newman, to his campaign to restore the link between the
Church of England and the Roman Catholic Church there was an eruption of movements. The
Evangelical Movement flourished and there were recoveries of Puritanism, and Quakerism. On the
other hand, Arminianism challenged the Elizabethan angle of predestination which was center of
Anglican philosophy. Members of the Oxford Movement, known as Tractarians, planned to restore
the Church of England to its pre–reformation high–church

Religion In The Victorian Era
Religious doubt in the Victorian era
Religion vs. science was the main controversy during the Victorian Era. The era was a time where
the discoveries of science were starting to question Christianity. Much of the discoveries led to
religious doubt. Because of the doubt, some people started to stray away from religion and lead
more into science. What inspired the questioning of Christianity was Charles Darwin's theory of
evolution which challenged well educated people to accept certain facts in the Bible. Even though
many people were starting to realize the scientific shift, most were afraid to bring light to the topic
because of their God–fearing upbringing. Lord Tennyson's progressive beliefs are seen in the poem
"I trust I have not wasted breath" in an era where scientific theories clouded significant religious
doubts.
To begin, the Victorian era had a lot of changes occurred such as technological and industrial
improvements. People during that era who were educated or wealthy enough to spend extra time or
money, grew to the fascination of the discoveries of science (Victorian Era). The shift onto science
became very impactful to religion and became popular by Charles Darwin's study of Darwinism.
Science created a spiritual division amongst the people because it was beginning to challenge long–
held beliefs about the origins of life and human progress. "Darwin's evolutionary ideas, published in
1859 as On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, rocked the religious foundations of
Western society and thinking, altered the process of scientific discovery, and in fact colored every
aspect of human life" (Ray). The divide between religion and science created doubt in the Christian
faith in believers. Tennyson's response to this division was this: "Let knowledge grow from more to
more, but more of reverence in us dwell; That mind and soul, according well, may make one music
as before," (In Memoriam introduction. 6). Darwin's theory of evolution, while universally accepted
in scientific circles, remains controversial, particularly in relation to religious faiths that emphasize a
spontaneously created universe (Charles Darwin Develops). Tennyson wants humanity to hold on to
their beliefs despite all

Changes And Changes In The Victorian Era In The Victorian...
Victorian Era Queen Victoria was the longest reigning British monarch in history. Ruling the U.K.
from 1873 to 1901. Queen Victoria's death on January 22, 1901 at the age of 81 was mourned
around the world and signaled an end to the VIctorian Era. For months the Queen's health had been
failing. Victoria had lost her appetite and started looking smaller and smaller. She would become
very tired more easily and would become very confused. The Queen had left very detailed
instructions as to how she wanted her funeral. The instructions included very specific things she
wanted inside her coffin. Many of the items she wanted were from her beloved husband, ... Show
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The neckties were wider and were to be tied in a bow or looped into a loose knot and tied with a
stickpin. Another change that took place was that the frock coats became shorter. Now, they reached
up to the knee length as against the previous ones reaching the calf.Three–piece suits were invented
around 1870s and instantly were a hit among the people. Another change that was brought during
this time was in ties. Neckties were four–in–hand and a new type, known as Ascot ties soon became
popular.During the mid–1800, dinner jackets were also used for formal occasions. The Norfolk
jacket and woolen breeches came to be used for outdoor activities like shooting. During the winter,
men preferred to wear topcoats and the overcoats reaching up to the knees along with contrasting
velvet or at times fur

The Influence Of The Victorian Era
How long did the Victorian Era last? Queen Victoria of England ruled the throne for over 64 years,
however her impact made the Victorian era last for a 150 year. The Victorian era was most known
for its censorship and proper allegations. For example, men were supposed to be hard workers and
protectors of the house and family. Subsequently, women were suited to a role that limited their
abilities as a citizen as compared to today, which included household chores and such. Lastly,
children were to be quite and did not spend much time with their mothers and fathers. Due to
society's own harsh expectations of themselves, it impacted other aspects of their lives. This
impacted literature and is a major time when authors had to use more profound and deeper meaning
to events in stories to get inappropriate points across that would otherwise be censored. With this,
the ideas in literature reflect ideas that are found during the Victorian era because of its characters'
reactions and events that were censored. The novel Dracula, by Bram Stoker, uses the Victorian era's
ideology to influence the story and its characters to convey the Victorian's beliefs in their society.
Firstly, Dracula uses sexual inferences as a way to reflect Victorian beliefs that would be seen as
villainous or crude because of their ideas. Undoubtedly, Dracula has inferred sexual messages to the
reader for moods towards the characters. When Jonathan writes in his journal about his meeting with
Dracula, he

The Victorian Er The Victorian Period During The Victorian...
One of the darker and more mysterious periods in history is the Victorian Era. The nineteenth
century was a major point in literary history, with stories mostly related to supernatural beings,
poetry, and fantastic literature. There were also multiple different religions, such as Christianity and
Judaism. The people in England were very religious and went to church every sunday. Despite their
social class, women were always home and doing their housework, while men were out working to
earn money for the family. The clothing style was very formal and posh; the rich having finer cloths.
The Victorian Era was an interesting time period because of its politics, literature, society and
culture.
The political history of the Victorian Era was based on Queen Victoria and her views and outlooks
on everything. Queen Victoria was the reigning queen during the nineteenth century, with her
husband and several children. This showed femininity, which centered around family and homely
feels. She was described as the mother of the nation. She became the model of marital stability, with
her husband Albert. Their marriage was said to represent "marital harmony." Literature was
somewhat related to the political history of the family feel.
Literature during the Victorian Era had a variety of writing types. People in the Victorian Era read
and/or wrote things; such as novels, children's literature, poetry, drama, and supernatural and
fantastic literature. The

Victorian Era Woman
Woman In The Victorian Era
The victorian Era lasted through 1837–1890s. The era gave woman little power and opportunities in
life while men were looked at as having the most control. Fashion choices determined a person's
social status and politics were strictly powered by men. There were many influences during the time
period that blocked off woman from being equal to others with higher status or wealth. Events
throughout the Victorian era placed restrictions on women and the lower class citizens. The way
people dressed and acted determined their class and wealth which connects to today's expectations
of how a person should look and how they treat others. Social status and employment were based off
of the wealth of a family and the success ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The women with more money and success in their lives owned more clothing with better fabric and
embellishments which created expensive garments to buy (Monet, Dolores). Wealth was a big part
in fashion and the more detailing and better fabric gave others the impression of a family's income.
Many who wore makeup, had the money to buy it and wear to make their appearance stand out from
other women that cannot afford cosmetics. Many styles were invented in this era such as hair
crimping in the 1870s."Clothing styles were dictated by propriety, and stylish garments were a sign
of respectability" (Monet, Dolores). The Victorian era was big on being proper as said in the quote,
many who broke this dictation were looked at as disrespectful. In the 19th Century bonnets, bell
shaped ruffles, and ¾ sleeves were very popular. Many wore their hair long or in a bun with curls.
"Woman of a higher social class were expected to demure and indolent as reflected by the restrictive
dropped shoulder lines and corsets" (Monet, Dolores). Fashion choices provided the characteristics
traits of how women needed to act to be respected in that era. Corsets were worn to give girls a
structured figure to wear with clothing. The corset was very popular even though it was rather
uncomfortable, many who wore corsets were looked at as part of the high social class, being
respected, and having a glorified figure to the

Prostitution in the Victorian Era Essay
Prostitution in the Victorian Era
There were many prostitutes during the Victorian era. Most were lower–class women, with the
exception of the mistresses kept by upper–class men. According to Victorian standards, respectable
women did not consider sexual intercourse pleasurable. It was their duty to be intimate with their
husbands. Having affairs was disgraceful (Waters). Prostitutes, on the other hand, were sexually
intimate with men because they enjoyed sex. Men enjoyed prostitutes because they could not enjoy
their wives. Victorian femininity was not defined by sexual pleasure, while Victorian masculinity
was defined by sexual pleasure and conquest. Prostitutes did not necessarily "enjoy" their sexual ...
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"Respectable" men and women would lure young women, usually from a lower–class background,
away from their homes and sell them into prostitution. Rarely did these young women go back to
their families; not because they free to go, but because the procurators and procuresses never
allowed these women a moment to be truly alone in public. These horrible men and women
controlled these young women's lives as if they were possessions. In the off chance that a young
woman escaped her "bondage," she was not welcome back into her family with open arms. She was
an outcast because she was a "prostitute" (by society's standards). Unfortunately, there was no help
for these young girls, or any other prostitute. The people in a position to help them, like The Society
for the Protection of Women and Children, turned a blind eye towards these women. The Society for
the Protection of Women and Children only helped the privileged, not the needy (Wells 56).
Prostitutes were not confined to one way of presenting their services. There were many types of
brothels that serviced men from all social classes visited. Streetwalkers lived in Accommodation
houses, which is one type of brothel (Wells 56). These women did not pay a "Madame" for their
room and board, but accountable to themselves. Other prostitutes lived under the watchful eyes of
their procuresses. These women lived in

Influences On The Victorian Era
INFLUENCES ON THE VICTORIAN ERA
Yelitza Lopez–Morel
Yelitza Lopez–Morel
Professor Earle
DES 113
November 15th, 2017
Influences on the Victorian Style
The Victorian Style is known for being "more." Composed of various styles before its time
including past styles of Europe and Asia, it demonstrated eclecticism which is a mixture of different
styles, it incorporated historical influences, and traits and characteristics from foreign countries. Its
name roots from Queen Victoria's name who was in power at the time from 1819 until 1901. This
style was influenced by all of the changes happening in the world around it. Simultaneously, as the
style emerged so did the Industrial Revolution which was a transition from producing in the home to
producing in factories and in larger amounts. It caused both social and economic changes in all of
Great Britain because it promoted a faster lifestyle. The influences that people received from the
Industrial Revolution directly affected how they wanted to express themselves and how they wanted
to be seen which ultimately brought about the Victorian Style and the idea that the more a person
had the higher they sat on the social ladder.
In the Victorian Era, there was a hierarchical society mainly composed of an upper class and a
working class which were clearly at completely opposite sides of the spectrum.

The Victorian Era
Throughout history, cultures and societies across the globe have used monsters or any sort of
creature to exemplify anxieties and fears that they have. The same can be said for works of literature
and art. These authors use these anxieties, personify them, and use them to exaggerate the fears of
the readers. In short, the monsters/creatures that are created in each literary era depict and personify
the biggest fears and viewpoints of the society that it was written in. In the case of the
Victorian/Romantic era in British Literature, many authors discuss the many different feelings about
science and the role of women at the time. Both the Romantic and Victorian eras of English history
were product of the scientific developments that occurred during these periods of history. The
Romantic era was the response that artists, authors, and society in general had from the Age of
Reason (or Enlightenment), where the major philosophers and scientists of the day believed that
humans could change through rational ways of thinking. These Romantic writers chose the
supernatural or miracles over the scientific method as well as passion over reason. Similarly, the
Victorian era was marked by major discoveries and writings such as Charles Lyell 's "Principles of
Geology" and Charles Darwin 's "Origin of Species" and "The Decent of Man". These works
terrified the growing Evangelical movement because they were frightened at the notion of the
human species sharing an ancestor with primates,

Victorian Women In The Victorian Era
Besides being a great inspiration for many Victorian women, Jane can also be perfectly used as a
representation of a modern British woman, since Jane, like numerous women today, is able to get a
good education at school and to achieve financial and working independence in a male–dominated
society. She manages to take control of her life by getting married only after achieving a certain
economic independence in such a way as not to have to depend on anyone else, or by working as a
governess. Being a governess was one of the few occupations in which women could enjoy a decent
livelihood; the governess was considered a substitute for the child's mother who not only had to give
lessons to the girls in the house where she worked, but she also had ... Show more content on
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Apart from work and education, today's women also have more freedom: in the way they dress, in
deciding what to do in their lives without necessarily being forced to do what their fathers or
husbands order them, and even more freedom in social relations (more friends, possibility to go out
at night, etc.).
However, it is not all a bed of roses. Apparently, Britain may seem to be one of the most developed
countries in which gender equality has been fully achieved, but if we deeply analyze the situation of
the country, we will see that things are not what they look like. According to the latest
investigations, on one hand, the number of working women is high (more than 14 million British
women have a job), but on the other hand, the gender pay gap is growing too. Eurostat declared that
Britain has the fifth largest gender pay gap in Europe, with a 20% difference between the salaries of
men and women. For example, in the last few years, the average weekly earnings for men rose from
£502 to £508, whereas for women they fell from £413 to £411. Furthermore, related to education,
men are still predominant in the fields of technology, science and economics (about 66%

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