This document discusses acute otitis media, including its definition as a bacterial infection of the middle ear mucosa, common etiologies such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, and typical symptoms like fever, ear pain, and ear discharge. Predisposing factors include age, socioeconomic status, upper respiratory infections, and anatomical issues. Both medical treatment with antibiotics and analgesics as well as surgical treatments like myringotomy and abscess drainage are covered.

1. ACUTE OTITIS MEDIA
Dr. Muhammad Aslam Ch.
Professor of ENT

3. DISEASE
 Definition
 Etiology
 Precipitating factors
 Pathology
 Symptoms
 Signs
 Investigations
 D/D
 Medical treatment
 Surgical treatment
 Pre-op orders
 Steps of surgery
 Complications of surgery
 Post-op care
 Home advice

4. DEFINITION
 Mucus membrane
 Middle ear cleft
 Pus producing bacterial

5. ROUTES OF INFECTION
 Eustachian Tube
 Blood Circulation
 Direct Spread

6. PRE-DISPOSING FACTORS
 Age
 Socio-economic factors
 Climate
 URBAN
 Anatomical problems
– Eustachian tube
– Adenoids
– Nasal polyps

7. PRE-DISPOSING FACTORS
 Upper Respiratory Infections
 Allergies
 Craniofacial abnormalities (cleft palate)
 Down’s Syndrome
 Passive smoking

9. MICROBIOLOGY
 Streptococcus pneumoniae
 Haemophilus influenzae
 Moraxella catarrhalis
 Branhamella catarrhalis
 Staph aureus
 Pseudomonas aeruginosa
 Rhinovirus

10. SIGNS & SYMPTOMS
 Fever (children)
 Pain in ear
 Deafness
 Vertigo
 Ear discharge

11. PATHALOGY
 Congestion
 Pus accumulation (Pressure)
 TM Perforation
+
Complications

12. INVESTIGATIONS
 Routine investigations
– Blood CP
– X-ray
P.N.S
Mastoid
 Specific investigations
– C/S
– EUM

13. TREATMENT

14. TREATMENT
 Medical treatment
– Antibiotics
– Analgesic/Anti-inflammatory
– Anti-allergic
– Aural-toilet
– Nasal Spray

15.  Surgical treatment
– Myringotomy
– Abcess drainage

16. Surgical Treatment of Precipetating
Conditions
 Adenoidectomy
 Polypectomy
 Septoplasty
 Sinus Washout

17. THANK YOU