Plagiarim

1. PLAGIARISM
The word plagiarism comes from the Latin plagiarius meaning "kidnapper".
• Using another person’s ideas or expressions in your writing without acknowledging the
source constitutes plagiarism.
• Derived from the Latin plagiarius , plagiarism is a form of intellectual theft.”
What is plagiarism
Plagiarism is the fact of taking others’ words and thoughts and using them as if they were yours.
They can be ideas, images, concepts, sentences and so forth.
It can be defined as the “the intentional or unintentional misrepresentation of another’s work as
your own”.
• Intentional
• purposeful, deliberate,
• conscious, planned
• Unintentional
• accidental, inadvertent
• unpremeditated, unplanned
• (usually due to carelessness or improper training)
Term misrepresentation encompasses submission presentation use and passing off
Using as your own includes using it without clear attribution, without proper citation or for credit,
for a grade.
Types of plagiarism :
1. Direct Plagiarism: a word-for-word transcription of others’ ideas without quotation marks.
2. Mosaic Plagiarism: When a student borrows phrases from the source as if it is his own.

2. 3. Accidental Plagiarism:
When a writer out of ignorance, fatigue, or carelessness fails to distinguish between paraphrasing,
quoting and summarizing; or fail to cite a document properly.
4. Self-Plagiarism:
When someone submits his previous work as new material.
The common knowledge is an exception. If a piece of information is considered “Common
Knowledge,” it does not need to be cited.
“Common Knowledge” is
• that which most educated persons are expected to know
• widely known facts that could appear in multiple sources –
• such as encyclopedias & dictionaries
However, what was once considered common knowledge shifts with time depending on to whom
it is “common”. So if the information would be difficult for readers to verify on their own → CITE
if you are unsure if it is common knowledge, it is better to cite. In other words, when there is doubt,
cite.
Why is plagiarism such a serious matter?
It is to maintain academic Integrity (honesty, fair play, hard work) diligence in the pursuit of truth,
and knowledge.
What is to Cite? It is
• to give credit to your source
• to distinguish clearly your ideas from your sources’
• to allow readers to read the idea in its original context
• to give readers the opportunity to read the entire source

3. • to earn respect as an academic writer
• to build your character and credibility
It is just like that at the end of semester a profess gives grade for work (you worked hard for) to
someone else ( the person who barely attended classes and was here more in body than in mind).
In case of misrepresentation, passing off their work as yours = identity theft; you are pretending
to be them, for a reward. Or buying grades with their credit card, just like material objects.
Effects of plagiarism:
Plagiarism cheats the cheater. Like you came to college to learn and paying tuition fee but by
plagiarizing, you learn nothing about the subject about the writing & research processes you learn
only how to cheat, how to be a good cheater.
Plagiarism is theft: robbing intellectual property.
Plagiarism is a breach of ethics as it involves disregarding of our moral obligation to attribute and
cite. Without integrity or trust, society cannot function or continue.
Plagiarism amounts to unfair advantage or to unearned grades or to unearned degree like
receiving credit for work you did not honestly perform.
Plagiarism devalues colleges/institutions and cheapens the grades and institutes n and weakens
their academic reputation
Plagiarism ruins society: cheating is cheating, regardless of the excuse, it creates atmosphere of
distrust and pressures others to cheat with those who receive an unfair advantage. cheat in school
→ cheat in life
Plagiarism examples in university/college
You are guilty of plagiarism if you:

4. • include in your essay a passage, an identifiable phrase, word, or idea that you copied from
someone else’s work without acknowledging and documenting your source;
• use exactly the same sequence of ideas and organization of argument as your source;
• fail to put an author’s words inside quotation marks;
• fail to cite a source of summarized or paraphrased information;
• use in your paper sections that have been written or rewritten by a friend or tutor;
• use a paper you submitted for a previous class without my permission
• buy, find, or receive a paper that you turn in as your own work.
Technological Plagiarism:
• “cutting and pasting” from an Internet source – without attribution & citation
• downloading information from the Web – without attribution & citation
• texting answers via cell phones
• selling, buying, using any part of essays from an online or in-house paper mill
• recycling papers from one of your old classes
• saved on flash drive
• recycling papers from past students in a professor’s class
• found online, found on teacher’s Web site, saved on someone’s flash drive
Penalties for Plagiarism
in educational institutions–
• fail the assignment
• fail the course
• receive an Academic Integrity Violation in your permanent record
• be expelled from the college/university

5. • receive a cheater’s reputation
in the work force –
• face public humiliation
• lose your degree
• lose your rank
• lose your job
become “radioactive” (unemployable)
Complied by :
Dr. Uzma Hameed
Assistant Professor
GCU Lahore