It is presentation on coastal plains and islands.

1. COASTAL PLAINS AND
ISLANDS
Submitted by:
Saransh, Shrish, Sourabh, Teeksha,
Utkarsh, Vanshika, Varnika, Varshman,
Vidushi (Roll No- 33 – 41)

2. Index
 Coastal Plains
 Formation Of Coastal Plains
 Various Physical Features
 Coasts In India
 Economic Value Of Coasts
 Major Tourists Attractions
 Islands
 Formation Of Islands
 Various Physical Features
 Islands in India
 Economic Value Of Islands
 Major Tourists Attractions

3. COASTAL PLAINS
• The low-lying flat land of coastal plains
extends from large bodies of water and
gently rises, continuing inland to higher
terrain. These plains exist all around the
world where sloping land meets the sea
or ocean.

4. Formation Of Coastal Plains
Coastal plains can form in two basic ways:
Some start as a continental shelf, a flat piece of
land located below sea level. When the ocean
level falls, the land is exposed, creating a coastal
plain.
A coastal plain can also develop when river
currents carry rock, soil and other sedimentary
material into the ocean. Layers of this deposited
sediment build up over time, creating a flat or
gently sloping landscape.

5. Various Physical Features
• Coastal plains are a geologic feature found around the world
and on both the eastern and western coasts of India. Coastal
plains are characterized by an area of flat low lying land that
is situated adjacent to a water body often a sea or ocean. It
is also of note that coastal plains are separated from the
interior of the larger land mass by other unique features.
The coastal plains of India are relatively expansive regions
which contribute significantly to the geography of the
region.

6. Eastern Coast
• The eastern coastal plains are located on a wide stretch of
land between the Eastern Ghats of India and the Bay of
Bengal. This stretch of land stretches to 120 km in width at
parts. The eastern coastal plains extend from Tamil Nadu in
the south to West Bengal in the north. The eastern coastal
plains have rivers draining into them and river deltas also
occupy the valleys. The region of the eastern coastal plains is
an expansive area and is divided into six regions. The six
regions of the eastern coastal plains of India are the
Mahanadi Delta, the Southern Andhra Pradesh Plain, the
Krishna Godavari deltas, the Kanyakumari Coast, the
Coromandel and the Sandy Coastal regions.

7. Western Coast
• The western coastal plain of India in contrast to the eastern
coastal plain is located on a narrow strip of land. The western
coastal plains are located in the west of India between the
Western Ghats and the Arabian Sea. They extend from Gujarat in
the north down 50 km to the south in Kerala and are characterized
by numerous backwaters and rivers that flow into the region.
These rivers that flow into the region lead to the forming of
estuaries that are found in the western coastal plains of India. The
storm activity here is considerably less than on the eastern coastal
plains. The maximum storm activity on the western coastal plains
occurs in the month of March. The western coastal plains are
smaller than their eastern counterpart and the region is divided
into three parts. The western coastal plains are divided into the
regions of Konkan, Kanara, and the Malabar Coast

8. Economic Value
• Coastal areas are very important for agriculture,
fisheries (sea and inland).
• Also the sea and ports are essential for trade,
export/import and the associated commerce
(shipping, transport, marketing of agricultural
produce, insurance, banking and such services).

9. Major Tourist Attractions
• There are numerous estuaries in the Indian Coastal Plains.
Among these, the major ones are Narmada River and Tapi
River in the state of Gujarat. The plain is also blessed with
natural harbors such as Marmagao and Mumbai. In the
south, the coastal plains get combined with the salt water
lakes also known as lagoons. Spits and sand bars can be
found at their mouths. The coast is popular for the serene
backwaters. The coastal plains alongside the Bay of Bengal
are very extensive and also differ from the plains in the
western strip. Fast flowing, small rivers cut part the rocky
coastal strip.

10. ISLANDS
• An island or isle is any piece of sub-
continental land that is surrounded by water.
Very small islands such as emergent land
features on atolls can be
called islets, skerries, cays or keys. An island
in a river or a lake island may be called an
eyot, or holm. A grouping of geographically
or geologically related islands is called
an archipelago, e.g. Philippines.

11. Formation Of islands
• Volcanic Islands- Most oceanic islands originated from
ancient volcanic activity. From deep within the earth’s
mantle, magma rises up and spews lava onto the sea floor.
Over time, the lava builds up and emerges above sea level to
form an island volcano.
• Coral Islands- Coral islands form as a result of coral
growing on an undersea seamount that is just below the sea
surface or was above sea level at some time in the past.
Wave action erodes some of the coral which is deposited as
sandy/coral beaches. Over time and with the help of
wind/wave action, and rising/falling sea levels, the sand
forms an island.

12. Various Physical Features
• The topography is portrayed by narrow valleys and
hills. Even if their location is tropical, the islands
climate is tempered by sea breezes with irregular
rainfall.
• Some of the islands possess flat, coral-covered surfaces
where as others with hills. The climatic conditions of
these islands are somewhat equatorial with heavy
rainfall and high temperatures.
• These islands are located in the sea level and are able
to possess limited cultivation.

13. Lakshadweep islands
• Lakshadweep islands form the smallest Union
Territory of India: their total surface area is just 32
square kilometers. The lagoon area covers about
4,200 square kilometers, the territorial waters area
20,000 square kilometers and the exclusive economic
zone area is 400,000 square kilometers. The region
forms a single Indian district with ten sub divisions.
Kavaratti is the capital and the region comes under
the jurisdiction of Kerala High Court. The islands are
the northernmost of the Lakshadweep-Maldives-
Chagos group of islands, which are the tops of a vast
undersea Chagos-Laccadive Ridge.

14. Andaman & Nicobar islandS
The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are a group of islands at
the juncture of the Bay of Bengal and Andaman Sea, and
are a Union Territory of India.
The territory is 150 north of Indonesia and separated
from Thailand and Myanmar by the Andaman Sea. It
comprises two island groups, the Andaman Islands and
the Nicobar Islands, separated by the 10° N parallel, with
the Andamans to the north of this latitude, and the
Nicobars to the south. The Andaman Sea lies to the east
and the Bay of Bengal to the west.
The territory's capital is the Andamanese town of Port Blair.
The total land area of the territory is approximately
8,073 km2. The capital of Nicobar Islands is Car Nicobar also
known as Malacca.

15. Economic Value
• Islands are the earth's great repositories of biological
diversity. By heir favourable climates and historic
isolation, islands are home to thousands of species that
do not exist elsewhere. The coral reefs that surround
many islands are often referred to as the "rainforests of
the ocean" because of their astonishing marine life.
Many islands are home to mangrove forests, the
breeding grounds and nurseries for countless species
of fish. Even small islands have huge territorial claims
to the surrounding oceans. All told, the exclusive
economic zones of islands cover one sixth of the
world's surface and harbour one half of its marine
biodiversity.

16. Major Tourist Attractions
• Some of the Islands are vast expanse of lands. The lands of Andaman
are very fertile and the islands are thriving with lusting greeneries.
The sea coasts are eye catching with the spectacular sea waved and
the dense coconut palms line up over the islets. Andaman carries the
legacy of many historically important events and locations. Cellular
Jail in Port Blair is closely knit to the Indian Independence struggle,
which was home for many fighters.
• The biggest of tourist attractions in Lakshadweep lies in its pristine
charm and its laid back life. Faraway from the urban clamour and
clutter, the only sound you can hear is that of waves crashing against
the beaches and the cry of seagulls. Far from the madding crowds you
can have a tranquil experience on the islands.
The islands also have facilities like Scuba diving, Snorkelling, kayaking,
canoeing, windsurfing, yachting and many more for adventure lovers.