2- In each of the following pairs of substances- predict which one wou.docx

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2. In each of the following pairs of substances, predict which one would have the higher boiling point (if done on this sheet, circle the correct answer): a) He or Ar c) GeH4 or SiH4 e) hexane or heptane b) Ar or N20 d) HF or HCI f) F2 or I2 Solution a) He or Ar: He and Ar are both noble gases and the only kind of intermolecularforces that exist in them are the london dispersion forces.The size of the atom increases as you go down the periodic table, and so will be the number of electrons. As number of electrons increase, the polarizability also increases, resulting in greater London Dispersion forces. So Ar which is down in the group has more london dispersion forces as compared to He and hence will have ahigher boiling. Ar has a higher boiling point. b) NO 2 or Ar: Ar, is a noble gases and the only kind of intermolecularforces that exist in Ar are the london dispersion forces. NO 2 on the other hand has a strong dipole which leads to dipole-dipole interactions along with london dispersion forces. These extra intra-molecuar forces bind NO 2 molecules together, making it difficult to break these bonds, there by leading to a higer boiling point, So NO 2 has higher boiling point. c) GeH 4 orSiH 4: Ge is below Si in the group which means that GeH 4 has more electrons than SiH 4. Therefore GeH 4 has more London dispersion forces and hence needs more energy to break these forces; leading to higher boiling point. GeH 4 has higher boiling point. d) HF or HCl: HF and HCl are both acids of anions from group VII (halides). However Floride is more electroegative comapred to Chloride. Being more electronegative the floirde is very strongly attracted to hydrogen than chloride would do. So it is more diffult to break an HF bond compared to HCl and hence HF has a higher boiling point. .

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Match the words in the left column to the appropriate blanks in the sentences on the right. Make certain each sentence is complete before submitting your answer. Reset Help hydrogen bonding influences Given the molecules phosgene (Cl2 CO) and formaldehyde (H2CO). has the higher reduced polarity and strongerboiling point mainly due to dispersion forces phosgene (C2 CO) its greater molar mass and Given the molecules sulfur dioxide (SO2) and sulfur trioxide (SOs). has the higher boiling point mainly due to stronger dispersion forces sulfur dioxide (SO2) molecule shape and stronger dipole-dipole interactions sulfur trioxide (SOs) formaldehyde (H2CO) Solution 1. Phosgene has the higher boiling point than formaldehyde. This is mainly due to phosgene\'s (Cl2CO) greater molar mass and stronger dispersion forces. Explanation: For molecules that do not participate in hydrogen bonding, the majority of the attraction between those molecules is due to London dispersion forces. Even though dipole-dipole interactions are stronger, they apply to specific orientations of the interacting molecules. The ability to form an instantaneous dipole is referred to as polarizability. Molecules that are more polarizable, owing to their size and number of electrons, experience greater intermolecular attractions because those interactions are much less dependent on the molecular orientations. 2. Sulfur trioxide (SO3) has a higher boiling point than sulfur dioxide (SO2) mainly due to its greater molar mass and stronger dispersion forces. Explanation: There can be multiple types of interactions that occur between molecules, but comparing the boiling points of substances should mostly be based on polarizability (with the exception of hydrogen bonding). Both sulfur trioxide and phosgene would experience much greater attractions due to London dispersion forces than sulfur dioxide and formaldehyde, respectively. The contributions of dipole-dipole interactions in sulfur dioxide and formaldehyde are too insignificant in both cases. .

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In consumer behavior we discussed innovators, opinion leaders, and market mavens who may have an influence over our purchase decisions. There is a similar concept discussed for organizational buyer behavior. Describe the concept and how it relates to the CB concepts. Solution In consumer behavior we discussed innovators, opinion leaders, and market mavens who may have an influence over our purchase decisions. There is a similar concept discussed for organizational buyer behavior. Describe the concept and how it relates to the CB concepts. In consumer behavior, the main entities that can influence the purchase decision of a consumer are: 1) innovators are the one who are basically risk takers. The main attribute of them are the fact that they are able to absorb the financial cost as well as the social cost of adopting the unsuccessful products. They are the one who extensively use commercial media, cosmopolitan in their outlook, uses professional source for getting information, etc. 2) Market mavens are the individuals who provide wide amount of information about the different kinds of products and services. They basically foster information related to product quality, features, availability, price and sales. Extroverted, conscientious, and extensive use of media are some of the main characteristics of market mavens. 3) Opinion leaders are the one who basically provides information about a particular product or activities. They are having more status than that of their followers and are socially active (Hawkins, Mothersbaugh and Best, 2012). In contrast to innovators, opinion leaders and market mavens that may affect consumer purchase decision are buying center that affects the organizations .

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