5. Sacco and Vanzetti – see United Streaming Section 1 – Americans Struggle with Postwar Issues http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/FTrials/SaccoV/SaccoV.htm

6. The Klan Rises Again - Had been inactive since 1870s started up again in 1915 -the anti-immigrant feelings let anyone who was a bigot have an excuse to treat anyone unlike themselves differently. -”100 percent Americanism” had 4.5 million “white male persons, native-born” -beliefs keeping blacks “in their place” destroying saloons opposing unions driving Roman Catholics, Jews and other foreign-born out of the country Kleagling KKK salesmen (kleagles) kept $4 of the $10 initiation fee Hiram Evans – Grand Wizard - afraid of urban intellectuals, job competition from immigrants Influenced politics in Arkansas, California, Indiana, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, and Texas Section 1 – Americans Struggle with Postwar Issues

11. High Tariffs and Reparations Really pursuing an isolationist policy GB and France having difficulty paying war debts (10 billion) -They could only raise money by exporting more goods to the US or reparations. -Could not export 1922 we adopted Fordney-McCumber Tariff (see next slide) – raised tax on imports to almost 60%. Supposed to protect US business. -Tried to get Germany to pay reparations Germany defaulted and France marched into the Ruhr Valley US sends Charles G. Dawes (soon to be Coolidge’s VP) to negotiate lons to Germany – Dawes Plan- US banks loaned $2.5 mill which Germany used to pay France and GB which they paid to us Bad feelings all around considered US bad for not paying their fair share of the war and profiting from it. Section 2 “Normalcy” and Isolationism

15. Scandal Hits Harding’s Administration Background Harding opposed govt’s role in business and disapproved of most social reforms Set up Bureau of Budget Urged US Steel to abandon 12 hour days Good cabinet appts. -Chares Evan Hughes – Secretary of State (later chief justice) -Herbert Hoover – Secretary of Commerce (done such a good job during WWI) -Andrew Mellon –Secretary of Treasury, decided to reduce national debt, by 1923 reduced debt by 1/3 Ohio Gang – rowdy, poker playing cronies from back home -Harry M. Daugherty – Attorney General and lobbyist for tobacco and meat packing companies -Albert B. Fall- Secretary of Interior- close friend of oil executives Section 2 “Normalcy” and Isolationism

18. Section 3 “The Business of America” The Standard of Living Soars read pg. 601-605 Impact of the automobile changed houses, what was built, who could get around created urban sprawl Symbolized success of Free Enterprise system – no where else in the world could people with a little money own their own transportation and travel where every they wanted. Electrical Conveniences Alternating electrical current allowed suburbs to have electricity Allowed “modern” connivances like radio, phonograph, washer, dryer, refrigerator. Advertising (see next slide) Hired psychologists Superficial Prosperity number of business grew income gap grew Installment plan

19. http://bss.sfsu.edu/tygiel/Hist427/427ads/427radioads.htm