Doggerland was a former landmass in the North Sea that connected Great Britain to mainland Europe during and after the last Ice Age, until rising sea levels flooded it approximately 6,500-6,200 BCE. As the climate warmed and seas rose, hunter-gatherers in the region transitioned to harvesting smaller prey and coastal resources. Archaeological evidence from sites like Star Carr in Yorkshire and Holmegaard in Denmark provide insight into the lifeways and technologies of Mesolithic populations in Northern Europe.

2. •• DoggerlandDoggerlandDoggerlandDoggerlandDoggerlandDoggerlandDoggerlandDoggerland was a former landmass inwas a former landmass in
the southernthe southern North SeaNorth Sea thatthat
connected Great Britain toconnected Great Britain to
mainlandmainland EuropeEurope during and afterduring and after
connected Great Britain toconnected Great Britain to
mainlandmainland EuropeEurope during and afterduring and after
thethelllastlast Ice Age until about 6,500 orIce Age until about 6,500 or
6,200 BCE and then gradually was6,200 BCE and then gradually was
flooded by rising sea levels.flooded by rising sea levels.

4. http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2012/1
2/doggerland/clark-photography#/01-
hunter-gatherers-doggerland-670.jpg

5. •• As oceans began to rise , hunterAs oceans began to rise , hunter
gatherers left off following herds ofgatherers left off following herds of
big game for smaller prey such as roebig game for smaller prey such as roe
and red deerand red deer Along sea coasts semiAlong sea coasts semi--
big game for smaller prey such as roebig game for smaller prey such as roe
and red deerand red deer.. Along sea coasts semiAlong sea coasts semi--
nomadic groups harvested nuts andnomadic groups harvested nuts and
shellfish.shellfish.

7. TheThe climate inclimate in BritainBritain became warmer andbecame warmer and
wetter than it is today. This led to changes in thewetter than it is today. This led to changes in the
vegetationvegetation . . .. . . with the development of a woodedwith the development of a wooded
landscapelandscape. One. One of the defining features of theof the defining features of thelandscapelandscape. One. One of the defining features of theof the defining features of the
Mesolithic was a change in the types of tools thatMesolithic was a change in the types of tools that
people used for hunting, fishing, and gatheringpeople used for hunting, fishing, and gathering
plants. Stone tools in particular became smaller,plants. Stone tools in particular became smaller,
with tools made on small stone blades becomingwith tools made on small stone blades becoming
commoncommon
•• http://www.walesprehistory.org/mesolithichttp://www.walesprehistory.org/mesolithic--waleswales

10. •• It is estimated that the dogIt is estimated that the dog CanisCanis
FamiliarisFamiliaris was first domesticated inwas first domesticated in
10,000BC. The Oldest European dog10,000BC. The Oldest European dog10,000BC. The Oldest European dog10,000BC. The Oldest European dog
remains from Star Carr Yorkshireremains from Star Carr Yorkshire
are dated at c 7538 BC.are dated at c 7538 BC.
•• http://www.countrysportsandcountrylife.com/sections/pedigree_dog/historyhttp://www.countrysportsandcountrylife.com/sections/pedigree_dog/history
_of_dog/history.htm_of_dog/history.htm

11. Mesolithic dog burial,Mesolithic dog burial,
Portugal . . ..Portugal . . ..

12. The oldest finds which are nearly complete andThe oldest finds which are nearly complete and
undisputedly bows are the Mesolithic finds fromundisputedly bows are the Mesolithic finds from
HolmegaardHolmegaard. These were found in a peat bog in. These were found in a peat bog in
Denmark, and are dated to about 9200 years ago.Denmark, and are dated to about 9200 years ago.
One and a half bows have been found, of veryOne and a half bows have been found, of veryOne and a half bows have been found, of veryOne and a half bows have been found, of very
similar design, one 60" long with limbs about 2"similar design, one 60" long with limbs about 2"
wide, the other about 64" long with 2.4" limbs.wide, the other about 64" long with 2.4" limbs.
They are flat bows of sophisticated design madeThey are flat bows of sophisticated design made
from small elm trees.from small elm trees.

13. Burry Holmes
2 Goldcliff
3 Llyn Brenig
4 Lydstep
5 The Nab Head
6 Prestatyn
7 Rhuddlan
8 Rhyl
9 Trwyn Du
10 Waun Fignen Felen

16. http://xcavate.blogspot.hk/2012_01_01_arc
Prestatyn
hive.html

21. •• Star Carr was discovered in 1947 when JohnStar Carr was discovered in 1947 when John
Moore, an amateur archaeologist, noticed flintsMoore, an amateur archaeologist, noticed flints
in the exposed soil of several recently dredgedin the exposed soil of several recently dredged
ditches in the eastern Vale of Pickering.ditches in the eastern Vale of Pickering.ditches in the eastern Vale of Pickering.ditches in the eastern Vale of Pickering.
Highlights among the finds include; Britain’sHighlights among the finds include; Britain’s
oldest structure, 21 red deer stag skulloldest structure, 21 red deer stag skull--capscaps
that may have been headthat may have been head--dresses and nearlydresses and nearly
200 projectile, or harpoon, points made of red200 projectile, or harpoon, points made of red
deer antler.deer antler.

23. Found
In Germany;
similar to the
Star Carr
paddle.

25. Carrowmore
Domestication,Domestication,Domestication,Domestication,
,Cornish Hedges