The document discusses various methods for pretreating wheat straw to enhance biogas production through anaerobic digestion, including using solvents like NMMO and ethanol, alkaline treatments with NaOH, and thermal pretreatments at different temperatures. Pretreating the wheat straw improves biogas yields by breaking down the hard lignocellulosic structure and increasing the cellulose content. The abstracts also examine how different pretreatment methods impact the chemical composition of the wheat straw and kinetics of biomethane production.

1. Biogas from
Wheat Straw
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5. Enhanced biogas production from wheat straw with
the application of synergistic microbial consortium
pretreatment

6. Abstract
This work investigated the effect of three different chemical pretreatment methods on the
biogas production from the anaerobic digestion of wheat straw. The lignocellulosic material was
separately pretreated using i) the organic solvent N-methylmorpholine N-oxide (NMMO) at
120 °C for 3 h, ii) the organosolv method, employing ethanol as the organic solvent at 180 °C for
1 h and iii) using an alkaline pretreatment with NaOH at 30 °C for 24 h. All the pretreatments
were effective in increasing the biomethane production yield of wheat straw. In particular, the
cumulative biomethane production yield of 274 mL CH4/g VS obtained with the untreated
feedstock was enhanced by 11% by the NMMO pretreatment and by 15% by both the organosolv
and alkaline pretreatment. The three pretreatment methods had a different impact on the
chemical composition of the straw. NMMO hardly changed the amount of carbohydrates and
lignin present in the original feedstock. Organosolv had a major impact on dissolving the
hemicellulose component, whereas the alkaline pretreatment was the most effective in removing
the lignin fraction. In addition to the increased biogas yields, the applied pretreatments
enhanced the kinetics of biomethane production.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0960148117312491

7. Abstract
Hard lignocellulosic structure of wheat straw is the main
hindrance in its anaerobic digestion. Thus, a laboratory
scale batch experiment was conducted to study the
effect of thermal pretreatment on anaerobic digestion
of wheat straw. For this purpose, different thermal
pretreatment temperatures of 120, 140, 160 and 180 °C
were studied and the results were compared with raw
wheat straw. Significant differences in biogas
production were observed at temperature higher than
160 °C. Highest biogas yield of 615 Nml/gVS and volatile
solids reduction of 69% was observed from wheat
straw pretreated at 180 °C. Wheat straw pretreated at
180 °C showed 53% higher biogas yield as compared to
untreated. Further, FTIR analysis revealed change in
chemical bonds of lignocellulosic structure of wheat
straw. Modified Gompertz model was best fitted on
biogas production data and predicted shorter lag phase
time and higher biogas production as the pretreatment
temperature increased. Overall, change in
lignocellulosic structure and increase in cellulose
content were the main reason in enhancing biogas
production.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S03
01479718305309

8. HoSt straw bale breaker and pre-treatment (photo courtesy HoSt)
Essentially there are four
energy conversion
pathways for straw;
fermentation for liquid
biofuels, anaerobic
digestion for biogas,
combustion for heat and/or
power and gasification for
syngas.
https://bioenergyinternational.com/feedstock/breaking-the-straw-to-biogas-conundrum

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