Intercultural Interpersonal Communication And...

Intercultural Interpersonal Communication And...
The second chapter includes several interesting concepts, one of which being the differences
between intercultural and interpersonal communication. Intercultural communication is defined as
"the process that occurs when members of two or more cultures or co–cultures exchange messages
in a manner that is influenced by their different cultural perceptions and symbol systems, both
verbal and nonverbal" (Adler et al., 2015, pg. 40). While most interactions seem to have some sense
of intercultural aspect due to the great diversity not only in race but in backgrounds today, not all
interactions have this effect. Intercultural interactions only occur when there is a difference between
the two people in contact that is noticeable and creates a different dynamic in the interaction. The
book uses the term "salience" in order "to describe how much weight we attach to a particular
person or phenomenon" (Adler et al., 2015, pg. 41). The book gives several examples, such as
different ethnicities on the same basketball team striving toward a common goal don't place much
emphasis in their cultural discrepancies, just as young children from different countries playing
together don't experience intercultural communication until they reach an age when they can
understand what makes them different from each other. (Adler et al., 2015, pg. 41) In my own life,
and can look back and see how I have played football with guys from a very different culture, and
found it easy to spend time around them
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Analysis Report: Communicative Competence
Analysis Report: Communicative Competence
1. The universal characteristics and limitations of language
There are many limitations in communication and language especially in the written language. The
background of the communication, for example when the conversation between Grace and Sarah
many such features like implicature, linguistic code and the language level can be assessed. Before
that can be done it is important that the fact that nonverbal communications may influence and
understanding of the conversation may largely depend on the understanding of the nonverbal
communications. There are nonverbal communications that take place and are often neglected in the
study of linguistics.
According to Portch (1985) the body communicates constantly both verbally and nonverbally.
Though the nonverbal communication in this context cannot be observed, some common elements
that could have implications in the conversation given for analysis can be seen by analyzing the
non–verbal cues. Thus in analyzing the conversation the following points seem to be valid: taking
that the conversation begins with the reference to a man, who would be cross with both of them: that
being implied by the use of the term of his being cross with them. There can be many implications
here. Someone was waiting for the women, and they were late. That must be what would be implied
if the sentence was interpreted in isolation. But when the reply is given the conclusion is that they
have tickets of the

Intercultural Communication As A Form Of Communication...
Intercultural communication can be defined as a form of communication between individuals or
groups of different languages and cultural origins (Lanqua 2015). This review will summarize
Scollon, R, Scollon, S; & Jones, R.H. (2011) and briefly detail two other readings, one by
Blommaert, J (2013) and another by Vertovec, S. (2010). The first reading, details multiple ways
culture can be defined and how others can interpret communication. The second reading outlines the
challenges, which is presented by "Superdiversity" with an understanding of citizenship. Lastly the
final reading summarizes and outlines the changing contexts surrounding multiculturalism and
discusses that we may be shifting into a post multiculturalism world.
Whilst constructing this review multiple factors had to be considered, which were:
Identifying the main points within the article.
Identify the arguments authors are putting forward if there are any.
How are the authors defining Intercultural Communications?
What valid points are being made?
Are there any ideas being shown and if there is what are they
And lastly if there are any similarities between each of the readings.
The factors stated above were used to construct the following review of the three readings; these
factors will be detailed within the main article and briefly analyzed within the other two.
Intercultural Communication: A discoursed approach by Scollon, R, Scollon, S; & Jones, R.H.
(2011) identifies various

Personal Theories Of Ethnocentrism And Conformity Orientation
Personal theories are individual theories of communication that help people describe and explain a
myriad of circumstances, experiences, and interactions with others. Not everyone's personal theories
are the same, however, each personal theory contains fundamental communicational applications or
concepts; these applications are the backbone of personal theories. Scholarly theories are similar to
personal theories however scholarly theories provide objective explanations on communication My
personal theory on my relationship with my family applies to the concepts of ethnocentrism and
conformity orientation, while my tendency to avoid the term "one day," applies to the concepts of
self–development and monochronic time.
When I was younger, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Approximately two years ago, I realized that "one day" is a very arbitrary phrase. I was promised
that "one day" I would reunite with one of my dearest friends, however, as the months passed, I
received not a single word. Months turned into years and to my disappointment, the reunion never
happened. Therefore, one day is synonymous with never. From then and on, I replace "one day"
with the phrase, "one of these days" because then it doesn't imply that it is never going to happen; it
implies that it will happen, but not just right now. My personal theory best exemplifies self–
development which is essentially another aspect of individual communication. An individual
undergoes self–development from his or her earliest of interactions. In this respect, the individual
learns from his or her experiences. My personal theory embodies this principle because from my
experience of the term "one day," I have realized how often individuals utilize it in their vernacular
and they always never follow through on their "one day" promises. Additionally, my personal theory
applies to the concept of monochronic time. When individuals pay attention to and do solely one
activity at a time is monochronic time. I live in monochronic culture and I behave according to
monochronic time, and my interpretation of "one day" or "one of these days," is simply my effort to

Essay on Intercultural Communication
Today, we live in a culturally diverse society due to globalization. As our world grows, expands and
become increasingly more interconnected, the need for effective interpersonal communication
among differing cultures has become apparent. When people from different cultures interact with
one another there is intercultural communication because different cultures create different
interpretation and expectations about what is seen as competent behaviors that will enable the
construction of shared meanings.
There are numerous definitions of culture but I will use the definition of the interpretive approach
and Clifford Geertz's, which defines culture as a meaning system which members use to interpret the
world around them. Culture ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, many of the group–based stereotypes are incorrect and generalizing and it promotes
further misunderstandings and prejudice. Prejudice is having a false attitude toward an out–group in
comparison to one's in–group. Prejudiced individuals are prejudging without knowing any
information about the "Others" (Rogers and Steinfatt).
According to Allport, the process of categorization is the basis to develop prejudice and stereotypes.
People think in categories and the mind forms groups and classes to guide our daily actions. Dahl
also verifies that the predictions we make about "Others" is based on stereotypes and that this is
necessary and it is a process that we cannot avoid. If categorization is a natural cognitive process
and all categorization leads to generalization, then stereotype is also a natural cognitive process.
Categories are necessary to give meaning to our reality and to create structure, however they are
flexible and they change. On the other hand stereotypes seem to give us a feeling of order and
security but they are inflexible and try to reinforce one particular image over others. Stereotypes still
persist even when we know better because they help to create a positive self–image and they are to a
large degree attached to ideologies (Christoffanini). Furthermore, we represent Others by using
language or images, which allow us to portray Others in ways

Gran Torino Film Analysis Essay
Gran Torino Film Analysis
Norma J Morehead
Intercultural/International Communication
10 June 2012
Cultural conflict and popular culture are two experiences in life that assist in defining intercultural
communication and how its influence affects our daily intercommunication. Cultural conflict is
inevitable as we live out our daily lives in the identities we have selected for ourselves, the identities
relating to our ethnicity and in those identities others have selected for us. These identities are bound
to conflict with another individual's identities which is why there is a need for understanding what
intercultural communication is and how it can be enhanced becomes vital to peaceful living around
the world. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Popular culture was demonstrated when the granddaughter was texting during the grandmother's
funeral services; with the gang interaction and the music they played; the encounter on the corner
with the Caucasian teenager walking with Sue and they were stopped by the three African American
males and harassed physically and verbally with race and gender stereotypes and age when Walt
came to the rescue. Walt had a quite a few verbal stereotypes for all of them in addition to using his
gun to break up the conflict. Popular culture
Of the five types of Cultural Conflict the three most significant conflicts in intercultural
communication in the film Gran Torino are found in conflict in values, conflict in goals, and
cognitive conflict. Conflicts in values are the differing ideologies as in philosophy and principles.
Two examples of conflict in values found in the film Gran Torino are:
1. Walt and the priest had different ideologies on life and death. The priest kept approaching Walt
with the offer of confession which he had promised Walt's wife before she died. Walt did not think
much of religion, attending church or confession or the priest. The priest resolved to get Walt into
confession with his philosophy, principles and outlook on life as his religion dictated.
2. Ethnic types of conflict were shown at the family barbeque. Walt accepted Sue's invitation to

The Probability Of Having Effective Cultural Interaction
the probability of having effective cultural interaction and communication in a majority Muslim
country and the Muslim community.
This understanding of the cognitive and behavioral strategies that are most likely to result in
effective intercultural communication thus helps to understand and/or accept the similarities and
differences in the background, experience, culture and perspectives of individuals from a culture
different that mine. This is the fourth most important dimension as it is seemingly impossible to
obtain without the other three dimensions, but still important nonetheless. It is important because as
the world is becoming more global with the help of technology, travel and education the success of
these encounters will ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This affected the country as whole especially politically.
This is why it is so important to have this skill as not having can have serious, negative
ramifications on society as a whole. Another example of what could happen if people do not
understand or accept similarities and differences of people from other cultures, is that they can
dehumanize and seriously mistreat people of that culture. For instance, this is done in most wars.
Due to the fact that that some people lack the ability to understand and accept the similarities of
people who are different from themselves they begin to label them or 'otherize' them. Like in WWII
we labeled the Japanese as rats because when you label them and don't think of them as human
beings it is easier to commit atrocities to them and their people. A more modern example would be
today where we tend to 'otherize' Muslims.
This leads to fear which will undoubtedly manifest itself in the form stereotypes. "What makes a
stereotype a stereotype is that the belief in question is applied broadly to a group of people and is
often assumed of group members based solely on their group membership (Simon, 2011).
Stereotypes often lead to negative and harsh feelings towards people different from ourselves.
The authors of our textbook touch on this as they state, "Whereas prejudice refers to people's
attitudes or mental representations, the term discrimination refers to the behavioral manifestations of
that prejudice. Thus

Intercultural Communication Is Defined As Situated...
Intercultural communication is defined as situated communication between individuals or groups of
different linguistic and cultural origins (Lanqua, n.p.). Whenever communication happens between
people whose first language is not the local language or when people communicate who grew up in
different cultures they are committing intercultural communication. This sounds like something that
does not occur very often, but it is quite common and is becoming more common as new
technologies allow people to communicate from all over the world without ever having to leave the
comfort of their house. Intercultural communication also occurs within a single country between
different co–cultures. The United States Armed Forces and the United States would be an example
of this. The United States Armed Forces is in the top ten biggest militaries in the world. With that
many people, intercultural communication happens very frequently within the country. As a side
note, while there are differences within the cultures, this is only looking at the overall general
behavior of the culture.
The military itself has its own culture. Militaries are societies unto themselves, with their own
sociology, history, values and beliefs. Military culture is built on these principles of shared history
and values (Hill, 2015). The core values of the military can be found in the acronym LDRSHIP,
which stands for loyalty, duty, respect, selfless–service, honor, integrity, and personal courage.
These are

The Anxiety / Uncertainty Management Theory Of Effective...
The Anxiety/Uncertainty Management Theory of Effective Communication is to explain how
managing uncertainty and anxiety help achieve effective communication with "strangers". The
theory argues that most of our communication involves both interpersonal and intergroup processes,
but communication with outgroup members has more intergroup than interpersonal factors, which
causes higher uncertainty and anxiety. Managing uncertainty and anxiety is a main contribution to
effective communication (e.g., measured by mutual understanding) given that they mediate other
superficial factors that influence effective communication. Effective communication requires that
both uncertainty and anxiety be between our minimum and maximum thresholds, and we should
have mindfulness which involves creating new categories, being open to new information and aware
of different perspectives. Uncertainty is our cognitive phenomenon which prevents us from
predicting strangers' attitudes, behaviors and thoughts. Where our uncertainty is above maximum,
we do not have confidence in predicting strangers' behaviors. Where our uncertainty is below
minimum, we do not pay attention to cues to potential misunderstanding. Anxiety is an affective
phenomenon which prevents effective communication with strangers. Where our anxiety is above
maximum, we do not feel comfortable and process information based on our negative stereotypes in
intergroup interactions. Where our anxiety is below minimum, we do not have any

Essay about American Exceptionalism and Cross-Cultural...
The study of American exceptionalism and cross–cultural communications has the ability to
improve U.S. military effectiveness in USPACOM. Understanding these two cultural principles will
improve effectiveness in three ways. First, it allows USPACOM personnel to understand their
biases. Second, it gives USPACOM personnel a perspective on how nations in their area of
responsibility may potentially view their actions. Finally, cross–cultural communications provides
tools for USPACOM personnel to overcome their biases and skepticism from potential partners or
adversaries, setting the stage for more effective military engagements.
The importance of understanding these two cultural elements will magnify in the future due to the
pending shift ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
national interest." Both the National Security Strategy and USPACOM strategy place strong
emphasis on communicating with nations in the region and building partnerships. A sound
understanding of the cultural environment is critical in achieving these strategic objectives.
Incorporating cultural understanding into the planning process gives military leaders an edge in
planning effective engagements that will eventually result in better communication with both
adversaries and allies and stronger partnerships across the region. To achieve cultural understanding
USPACOM personnel must first exam the concept of American exceptionalism. American
exceptionalism has several meanings, which led Ceaser to describe it as not a concept but a family
of concepts. However, Ceaser does identify the common denominator of these various definitions as
a claim to uniqueness. This uniqueness refers to the idea that there is either something different
about America or something special about America. America is different is the notion that compared
to other advance societies the United States is different in key social areas like religion, politics,
criminal justice, birth rates, belief in personal freedom, etc. Research conducted by social scientist
indicates the United States is an outlier in these areas supporting the idea that America is literally
different from other nations. The idea that America is different is a concept embraced by social

What Are The Differences Between Formality And Informality
Communication rule is governed through social settings, for appropriate responses to
communication stimuli. An example in the United States would be a student in class raising his/her
hand to ask a teacher a question. In the classroom setting, it's rude to just blurt out a question
without being called upon. 2. What are the differences between rules and norms? Rules are expected
or intended behaviors and their outcomes with mutual expectations. There are no moral or ethical
connotations. Whereas norms are socially shared guidelines for expected and accepted behaviors. 3.
How do cultures differ in formality and informality – give examples. Cultures can have views
regarding events and people that range from extremely informal to very formal. In the U.S. people
tend to treat others with informality and directness. They avoid the use of formal codes of conduct,
titles, honorifics, and ritualistic manners in their interactions with others. On the other hand, there
are many cultures that place a high value on formality. In Egypt, Turkey, Japan, for instance, the
student–teacher relationship is very formal. In these countries when the teacher enters the room,
students will assume a subordinate attitude and in some cases may even stand and bow. Many
Americans will call others by their first name, but in other countries such as Germany, calling others
by their first name makes them uncomfortable. 4. Give four examples of different practices in the
business setting that reflect

Analysis Of Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie 's Ted Talk, The...
Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie's inspiring TED talk, The Danger of a Single Story, proves how stories
influence the way we perceive the world. She describes the 'single story ' as a narrative that
surrounds only one perspective. The objective of her speech is to inform her audience that assuming
something is true based on a single piece of information gives us incomplete and incorrect
perceptions. Society is an accumulation of social stories, it is never just one thing. There are
multiple, contingent and overlapping ways to experience and articulate cultural identity (Delgado,
2009). When we view a person or place from only one perspective, we assume one aspect of a story
as the entire truth. "Show a people as one thing, as only one thing, over ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Context is neither static nor objective, and it can be multilayered (115). There are many examples
presented in Adichie's speech on how the social, political, and historical structures of context
affected her intercultural interactions. Every cultures reputation relies on history. The view of Africa
is shaped by historic Western narratives and by the important people who have told these stories. For
instance, she mentions how Jon Lok's old writings embody the start of Africa's negative reputation
in the West. In Lok's writings, he describes black Africans as "beasts who have no houses {...}
people without heads, having their mouth and eyes in their breasts." (07:04). The historical context
shaped the way Adichie's interactions with her American roommate and professor occurred. Due to
historic stories such as these, her roommate believed African's could not be like her in any way and
assumed there was no possible connection as human equals (4:49). Similarly, she once had a
professor tell her that her novel was not authentically African because her characters were "too
much like him, an educated and middle–class man." Her characters drove cars and they were not
starving. Therefore, "they were not authentically African" (7:32). We must also consider the political
context. The political context in which communication occurs includes those forces that attempt to
change or retain existing social structures and relations (116). For example, to

Advantages Of Oral Communication
Professional Communication 171
Assessment 3
Create A Website
By
How Kit Chow
P447367
Contents
Introduction 3
Oral Communication 4
Conflict Management 6
Intercultural Communication 8
Team Communication 9
Communicating In Meetings 10
References 11
Introduction
The created website is at the URL https://p447367.wixsite.com/hbu125/. Oral Communication
Oral communication is the process in which information or messages are exchanged among
individuals or groups using voice as the medium. It is one of the most common and frequently used
forms of communication because it can be used in many daily situations and activities. Oral
communication can be either formal or informal. Examples of informal oral communication include
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is also not a form of communication that can be used as a form of documentary evidence. In some
situations, even strong verbal skills can not substitute for putting things in writing. For example,
important information that needs to be documented using writing and some type of written record is
required in the business world.
Effective oral communication follows some basic principles in order to make sure that the message
is conveyed across properly. It is important to ensure that the words are pronounced clearly and are
delivered in the correct pace, pitch and tone. It is recommended to ensure the message contains

clear, brief and accurate information, but not complicated sentences and jargons. Information and
idea in the message should be organized in a sequential and attractive way so that the audience can
understand the message easily. It is also important to establish an eye contact and to modulate body
language based on the message. For example, a strict order can be conveyed better when
communicated with a formal and stern body language as opposed to a casual and friendly one.
Conflict Management
Conflict management is the practice of being able to identify and handle conflicts sensibly, fairly,
reasonably and efficiently. It is important that there are people who understand conflicts and know
how to resolve them because conflicts happen naturally in any business and workplace. Conflict

Intercultural Communication Shares Information Across...
The term intercultural communication refers to a type of communication that is aiming at sharing
information across diverse social groups and cultures. In general, intercultural communication
describes wide range of communication processes that are naturally occurring in organizations
which are made up of individuals who are from different backgrounds. Today's world has been
characterized by increased communication between different people around the world resulting to
establishment of contracts across people from different locations. The term power distance as
defined by (De Vito, 2006) is the extent which ordinary people in organizations accept that power in
the institution is unequally distributed. Many cultures which have a low power distance do accept
power relations which are more democratic in nature. In such organizations, people who hold
inferior positions feel free to question their superiors and challenge them when it comes to decision
making or policy suggestion. A good example of a country with low power distance is the United
States and a country with high power distance is Saudi Arabia (De Vito, 2006). High power distance
in a country not only affects the relationship between the government and its citizens but also affects
employer–employee relationship (De Vito, 2006). Power distance is mainly concerned with the
attitudes of people and the respect they have to their authorities. Having respect to your authorities
and bearing in mind the right attitude is

Intercultural Communication Stumbling Blocks By Samovar,...
Intercultural Communication
Introduction
According to the articles Intercultural communication stumbling blocks by Barna and Intercultural
communication by Samovar, Porter, McDaniel & Roy, describe the various challenges that are faced
between communications of two individuals who come from different cultures. Notably, challenges
that are faced by different people who come from different cultures exist due to the problem of the
difference between the cultural norms. For instance, what is acceptable in the United States as a
form of communication is entirely different from what is acceptable in Japan as a form of
communication. Additionally, challenges that exist in intercultural communication may be due to the
prejudices that individuals ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Vietnamese student thought that Americans are superficial for the way talk as well as smiling
too much. On the other hand, An American Girl viewed that the international students most of them
were quite unfriendly. According to this article, there are stumbling blocks that exist in intercultural
communication. First is the language whereby there may exist different interpretation concerning a
particular vocabulary or sentence (Barna, 1994). For instance, according to this article, when a
Japanese hear that 'won't you have some tea? ' He may respond 'no ' meaning that he is interested in
taking tea which may mean to an American person that he is not interested in taking the tea. Thus,
this may act as a stumbling block. The second stumbling block is nonverbal signs and symbols. In
case there exist different meaning of the non–verbal signs and symbols, communication is hindered.
Summary of Prejudice in Intercultural Communication
This article describes the way individuals react negatively to other people without any factual
material or direct contact. In other words, it describes the way some people have a negative attitude
towards other people from a particular culture due to the prejudice. According to this article,
individuals usually practice prejudice towards other people due to four reasons. First is due to their
utilitarian or adjustment function. In this case, they intend to hold the

Intercultural Communication : Communication And Communication
Jasmin Starr–Mullins
COM 440 W
Final Term Paper
Intercultural Communication
The terms "Culture","Globalization", and "Communication" are terms that we might hear quite
often, but what is Intercultural communication? According to the dictionary, Intercultural
Communication is often described as the interaction and exchange of communication between
people of different cultures. Intercultural Communication dates back to the first interaction of
mankind. Edward T. Hall, an American anthropologist was the first to coin the term "Intercultural
Communication"and is considered to be the father of Intercultural Communication as well as the
developer of proxemics. The study of intercultural Communication coincides with the book "The
Silent ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Being multiracial, I grew up quite confused and found it hard to adapt to everyone else around me
due to the fact that I was going back and fourth between my parents households which were both
very culturally different from one another. I feel that is there was more of an understanding of one
another 's culture, as well as communication, the relationship between my parents could have been a
lot better and they could have made it easier for me to adapt to the cultural differences that I
encountered on a daily basis.
Because communication between two people of different cultures is very challenging, there has been
extensive research/studies conducted on this topic. This idea was also very interesting to me because
I attended a highly diverse high school, in which we had a Global Studies program where
international students were invited to come and learn at our school. The immersion of the different
cultures was very difficult to adapt to at first because it was new to a lot of us students who have
never attended a school where international students were amongst us in the halls, but as the days
went on it became normal to me. Annotated Bibliography communication Between Cultures."
Google Books. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 May 2017
This text is a good reference point. This text is used to understanding communication within culture.
This source also gave a better understanding

Clyne's Revision of Grice's Maxims Essay
Grice's Maxims have been criticised for being too Anglo–centric. Michael Clyne proposes revisions
to the four maxims in his 1994 book Intercultural Communication at Work. Do Clyne's revisions of
this model go far enough in universally accounting for intercultural conversation? Why or why not?
Grice's General Cooperative Principle has been under continuous debate for the past three decades.
It is mainly through the maxims that Grice's paradigm has been challenged as highly ethnocentric,
however such readings may tend to take the maxims too literally rather than as "reference points for
language interchange" (Allan as cited in Clyne, 1994, p. 11). There is some agreement in this, but as
suggested by Mey (1994, p. 74), the principle and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In such cases, there is a clash between Grice's maxims and the pragmatic rules of conversation,
which are culturally sensitive. For example, when being offered a drink, a typical Chinese person
would automatically say no the first time, while expecting the offer to be made at least two or three
times more. This resembles a kind of phatic language communication; saying no, but not really
meaning no. In this sort of situation, if someone doesn't adhere to the cultural norm – choosing to
follow Grice's maxims instead, then they would sound odd and out of place. The above example
demonstrates that Grice's maxims aren't relevant in all contexts as they clash with certain cultural
values systems. Many linguists (Clyne, 1994; Hymes, 1986; Loveday, 1983; Walsh, 2009) have
picked up on this discrepancy between theory and data, claiming that the maxims are only relevant
to the English speaking Western world. In particular, Clyne (1994) has pointed out that they have
limited relevance to cultures where content and knowledge are core values. For example, speakers
of Malagasy, "whose form of co–operation seems to consist in making their contributions as opaque,
convoluted and non–perspicuous as possible" (Keenan as cited in Mey, 1994, p. 74) could be seen as
flouting the Maxim of Quantity. This is because information, especially 'new' information gives the
holder a certain amount of prestige, thus Malagasy people tend to

Diversity Within The Workplace And How Communication Is...
Diversity in the workplace and how communication is the driving force behind it. Workplace
diversity can be described as "all the differences in age, gender, sexual orientation, education,
cultural background, religion, and life experience" (Okora & Washington, 2012, as cited in
Mulkeen, 2008). Another functional definition of diversity is being cultural, racial, or sex–based. An
organization's definition and viewpoint concerning diversity guides the strength of its employees to
connect and communicate adequately and profit from the betterment of diversity (Lambert, 2016).
Many arguments were covered throughout the literature; however, this review will center on three
primary themes: increase of globalization in the United States, the relationship between workplace
diversity and communication, cited last are the barriers to intercultural communication in a diverse
workplace. The literature presents these themes in a variety of ways; however, the highlight of this
analytical review is the employment of communication, and its relation to workplace diversity and
an organizations success. This review will not focus on any one aspect of diversity, i.e. race or any
particular race, but rather diversity as a whole; articles that were limited to one aspect of diversity
were excluded from this review.
The implementation of reinforced interpersonal communication skills is the leading influence of
workplace diversity; it is for that reason this topic is worthy of exploration through

Intercultural Communication : A Discourse Approach
Chapter one – Intercultural communication: A discourse approach
Intercultural communication: A discourse approach attempts to explain the discourse approach and
points to the authors ' distinction between cross–cultural communication and intercultural
communication. The chapter underlines the authors ' approach and theory to intercultural
communication. It covers several explanations and the distinction between cross–cultural
communication and intercultural communication. The chapter discusses the many varieties of
culture that exist. It also clarifies that intercultural communication can occur in conversations not
necessarily when two people are from different countries.
In Intercultural Communication: A Discourse Approach, Scollon, Scollon, and Jones presents and
develops the notion of 'discourse systems' as a way to get beyond the culture and the idea that
culture is a person's background. Rather than depending on 'culture' it is advised that it is the
different discourse systems into which we have been socialised into should be a guidance to our
interpersonal communication 'Each definition of culture can lead us down a different pathway, and
all of these pathways are potentially fruitful' (Scollon, Scollon, Jones 2011).
The term culture is described as 'a verb'. However it is explained that culture is difficult to define as
it can be associated in different ways by different people. Some people think of culture as a thing
while others term it as a set of beliefs,

Intercultural Communication At The Health Of Indigenous...
Australia is becoming increasingly culturally diverse. With this the need for the ability to
successfully communicate proficiently with other cultures is paramount. Intercultural
communication is becoming increasingly important in the healthcare industry as many workers must
learn how to communicate effectively with people from other cultures. For many businesses,
effective intercultural communication stands to bring them increased business and profits; however,
in the health care industry, effective intercultural communication carries greater importance as it
affects patients' physical and mental well–being (Ulrey et al. 2001, p. 449). Each culture does this
through its own verbal and nonverbal behaviors and has its own way of expressing and interpreting
messages. It is easy to see how problems can result when individuals of different cultures come into
contact with each other (Ulrey et al. 2001, p. 449). There is clear evidence of there being an issue
with intercultural communications in healthcare when looking at the health of Indigenous
Australians.
Diagram showing the process of successful intercultural communications in healthcare
Intercultural communications with indigenous Australians needs to be improved significantly as in
the area of healthcare many Aboriginal people do not have a strong understanding of how to best
look after themselves and their children (2011). While we live in a first–world nation, some
Aboriginal people struggle with third–world

Mexican American Relationships
than Americans do. In addition, the authors found cultural differences and cultural similarities
among the U.S. Residents, Russians, and Lithuanians. For instance, for the U.S. interviewees
friendship and comfort love are important features of romantic love. According to the authors, one
of the main purpose of this journal article is to answer the question that romantic love is cultural
universal or not based on the data collected from the participants (De Munck, Korotayev, De
Munck, & Khaltourina, 2011, p. 27). Indeed, everyone has a different meaning of the term romantic
love. Certainly, it is important for couples to talk to each other of ways to overcome any conflicts
that may arise in a relationship. People who avoid conflicts by avoiding ... Show more content on
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Effective communication is very important in relationships because it will avoid problems in
couples' relationships. Men and women who are in a relationship should learn about his or her
partner's culture diversity such as food, beliefs, values, and language. Couples who are constantly
fighting and arguing lack of communication skills. The couples who are continually fighting should
learn how to communicate well and manage conflicts. Language usage is a communication style that
is different in every culture. People who are in intercultural relationships usually use words and
phrases that have a different meaning compare to his or her partner's culture. It is important to find
ways to solve an argument and understand how the partner is emotionally feeling. Someone who
listens with the intent to understand uses a positive strategy to avoid an argument. Lack of trust is
another issue intercultural relationships tend to have. Trust in relationships is important because it
will enrich the love in couples' relationships. Intercultural couples should respect each other
differences and work together in their

The Importance Of Nonverbal Communication
Communication has been described as a flow of information between two parties principally
between a source and a receiver. Communication is a any behavioral approach that can come in the
verbal, nonverbal or graphic form that is sent by one and receive by another. Communication
demonstrates our ability to interact and influence others in a useful way. Successful people are not
only proficient in their own fields but also communication oriented and possessed a quality to
demonstrate professional behavior, awareness, sympathy and concern for a office. An organization
wants its employees to possessed a wide range of communication skills this skills may include
communication in a diverse workforce, organizing ideas and knowledge for self and ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Head up, back straight (not Rigid) suggests an upright character and it has more type such as body
movement, eye contact, and touch. As communication has four different types, first one is,
intrapersonal communication and it is a type of communication as it takes place takes place between
two or more than two peoples by using the means of communication. Interpersonal communication
is a second type of communication, which occurs in small groups or between two people in one to
one basis, giving instructions to the staffs; costumer relations and feedback are the examples of this
communication. Public communication is the third type and can be defined as a situation that
includes an organization communication with multiple receivables Simultaneously. Examples of this
kinds of communications can be a staff newsletter, video clips on YouTube or in the form of reports,
so it is a public face of company. So final type of communication is mass communication it is a
simply the process of conveying of message to a large number of people for instance, public
relations, annul reports, advertisings and webcasts are all types of mass communication. In
communication there are five types of barriers 1.stereotypes and prejudice :It is a way of organizing
phenomena into meaningful categories.it is type of barrier where there is no information or small
information and creates a negative towards a group.
2.cultural practices: while an arrangement of practice may not be

Interpersonal Communication
We are in a world today where many cultures interact and option to remain independent is no longer
a realistic option. The differences among cultures greatly affect interpersonal communication in
innumerable ways. Culture passes from one generation to another through communication and this
is immensely different from communicating with individuals of the same beliefs or values. In the
Interpersonal Communication textbook, Joseph DeVito says, "Cultural differences exist throughout
the interpersonal communication spectrum–from the way you use eye contact to the way you
develop or dissolve a relationship." Verbal and nonverbal messages are sent between individuals no
matter what their beliefs or values are like so people need to understand how to make the right
choices and send a positive message. Interpersonal communication is an important aspect of life for
many reasons such as the fact that we can better understand ourselves and why people act and
behave the way ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
An important aspect of culture and interpersonal communication is the fact that it's impossible to
interact "without being aware of how culture influences human communication" (DeVito.) To
improve communication skills, and understanding of the differences and relevance of culture is
extremely important. Through enculturation, you learn about your native culture and develop and
ethnic identity. Another process of learning culture is acculturation, which is learning the norms and
rules about a culture different from your own. Learning and gaining a better understanding of the
external world (enculturation and acculturation) are one of the specific axioms or principles of
interpersonal communication. Culture and interpersonal communication go along with each other
because they change individual observers into active participants of intercultural

Here Are My Members Of My Group : Elizabeth Diaz
Here are my members in my group:
Elizabeth Diaz: She was born in San Francisco, CA to Mexican parents. Automatically made her a
U.S. Citizen until this day labeled as full Mexican. Diaz said it was difficult for her to grow up into
the Mexican culture, never really fit in. Going to Mexico they would call "gringa" meant "white
girl" for being born in America. Living in America same thing you don't fit in. One thing she
dislikes was people labeled her many racist things. For Diaz being a grown woman, she 's proud
being Mexican American and learns more about her culture.
Ashten Gray: From Dallas, Texas Lesbian, Graffiti Artist, and Marijuana user. She became friends
with many people of color.
Brigitte Anne Dionisio: She was born and grew up in the Philippines, moved to the United States
with siblings at 11 years old. Her family both speak Tagalog and English fluently at home, Dionisio
said in her culture Family is valuable, "That 's what my elders teach at every generation." Says
Dionisio. She and her family aren 't that religious, Dionisio does go to church on Sundays with her
family. Birthdays, Holidays or any event family always get together everyone had to attend. She is
from a huge family, she follows every Filipino tradition.
The last member of the group is Monthisa Jamara Alton: Born in Sacramento, CA has been to so
many places. Then returned to Los Angeles and Berkeley, CA. A very determined woman to finish
her education. Here is my team I 'll be honest there were two

Summary Of Elizabeth Diaz's ' I Am My Member '
Here are my members in my group:
Elizabeth Diaz: She was born in San Francisco, CA to Mexican parents. Automatically made her a
US Citizen until this day labeled as full Mexican. Diaz said it was difficult for her to grow up into
Mexican Culture, never really fit in. One thing she dislikes the most was people labeled her many
racist names. Diaz being a grown woman, she's proud being Mexican American and learns more
about her culture.
Ashten Gray: Gray is from Dallas, Texas Lesbian, Graffiti Artist and Marijuana user. She befriended
with many people of color and she is White.
Brigitte Anne Dionisio: Dionisio was born and grew up in the Philippines, moved to the US with
siblings at 11 years old. Her family, both speak Tagalog and English fluently at home, Dionisio said
in her culture Family is valuable, and "That's what my elders teach us at every generation." Says
Dionisio. She and her family aren't religious; Dionisio does go to church on Sundays with her
family. Birthdays, Holidays, or any occasion, family always get to together everyone has to attend.
She is from a huge family, she follows every Filipino tradition.
Monthisa Jamara Alton: Born in Sacramento, CAAlton is African American was raised in a
Seventh–day Adventist Church was raised in a African American population, her educational
experience was different though was different though the same under current of segregation was
present Alton interacted and managed a more multicultural environment. She attended

My Intercultural Communication Skills Of Multicultural...
There can be many things that we like or dislike about our childhood. Some of the things or even
people can still give us negative feelings after so many years. On the other hand, for some of us,
there are aspects of childhood that can truly be considered as a gift. In my case, that gift was the
environment where I grew up. Needless to say that living as an Armenian immigrant in Russia with
a European education was very rough at times. However, the inborn education and skills of
multicultural communications were priceless for me. Due to my diverse background, I was able to
build a very important ability, which is the intercultural communication competence. This capacity
helps one to correctly interact with people of different groups, races, sexual orientation, ethnicities,
religions, and so on. In my case, my intercultural communication competence was largely affected
and evolved by the four specific aspects that are the detection of stereotypes and their legitimacy,
the high–school and college education in diverse society, the acknowledgement and integration of
cultural differences, and the development of cultural sensitivity. Since I was a kid, stereotypes were
always a major issue in my environment. Besides of having multiple stereotypes about my race,
many people tried to convince me to believe in some of them. After years of living through this, I
started to evaluate and reject stereotypes that I heard almost everyday. My stereotype–elimination
process contains two

Intercultural Conflict Styles In Global Communication
Abstract
This research paper will explain the important learnings of intercultural conflict styles within global
communication. The overall problem that is addressed within intercultural communication is the
conflicts that come about because people may not know how to approach a situation with someone
or a group of people of a different race, gender, ethnicity, or background.
The articles throughout this research has shown the different areas intercultural conflicts effect, who
they effect, and how they can be handled through the different conflict styles. Mitchell
Hammer, Ph. D., who's views we will examine further, breaks up the intercultural conflict styles into
four sections, or a chart, that visually explains how certain cultures handle these conflicts differently.
The mission is for the audience to have a better understanding of intercultural conflict styles and
how they can be used in situations while interacting with others.
Introduction
A common issue individuals have is interacting with others. Although it is said that communication
is key, whether it is because of a person's gender, sexuality, ethnicity, age, custom backgrounds,
religious beliefs, or their every day norms communication is easily misconstrued amongst humans.
The issue is, people are not aware of the theory of intercultural conflict styles and how these styles
are intended to know how to handle certain situations with people of different cultural backgrounds.
Luckily, the Intercultural Conflict

How Poor Intercultural Communication Affects International...
Intercultural Communication Affecting International Commerce and Foreign Policy:
France Opposes Turkey Entering the European Union Communication within one cultural group
sharing traditions and national or regional identity is often effortless. The social and cultural
meanings between the same cultures in regard to communication are understood the way they are
intended. When discourse happens within members of the same social groups; they will
communicate, talk, discuss in similar places that all members of that culture attend or visit like bars,
schools, shopping malls, community meetings, party events, the office, etc. The meaning arrived at
or the knowledge and accepted truth toward an issue is more or less the consensus of a ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Being able to understand how people from different cultures and religions communicate, interact,
and perceive the environment around them allows for the formation of important guidelines and
practices which help combat and avoid anxiety and uncertainty in government, business, and
personal intercultural relationships for the purpose of efficient negotiations and merges different
cultures into more tolerant cohesive existence. It is imperative that these same principles are utilized
when communicating to cultural groups other than our own because people from different cultures
encode and decode messages and meaning differently. Because of this, what is acceptable to one is
not necessarily acceptable by the other especially if they base their practices on their own judgments
and ideas and communicate disregarding the judgments and ideas of any other culture. Ignorance
can lead to devastating and damaging assumptions in terms of building intercultural relationships
when one enters communication using the same old ethnocentric approach. It is a lot like the Nazis
viewing the world according to their standards and beliefs without regards to the rights and beliefs
of any other group. It is also the same as extreme

Intercultural Communication Is Important for an Effective...
Intercultural Communication is Important For An Effective Communicator Qianya Zhuo Principle &
Practice of Human Communication 02/19/2011 In order to be an effective communicator, it is
important that people should have a solid understanding of intercultural communication. "The term
'intercultural communication ' is often used to refer to the wide range of communication issues that
inevitably arise within an organization composed of individuals from a variety of religious, social,
ethnic, and educational backgrounds."(uslegal definition) Whether in study, business or travelling, a
good understanding of intercultural communication will help you understand others better. When
people study abroad, intercultural ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For example , in Asian countries the word "no" is rarely used, so that "yea" can mean "no" or
"perhaps". Therefore, an American traveling to Japan might be considered impolite if he ignores this
rule. (Problems In Intercultural Communication) Ethnocentrism is another challenge of intercultural
communication. "Ethnocentrism is the view that one particular ethnic group is somehow superior to
all others." (All About Philosophy) "Ethnocentrism leads to misunderstanding of others." (Kim &
Hubbard, 2007) People usually distort what other people mean through their own tinted glasses.
They see others ' ways in terms of their life experience, not others ' context. For example, when I am
studying in the USA, I find the context of communication among friends here is different. The
American often talk about rumors around them, like whose girl friend is much older than the boy
and whose gay friend is funny. I do not like talking about that, as I think that is not interesting and at
some level it will hurt others ' feelings. However, this is the atmosphere that American adolescence
like to live with. Maybe it is the way they use to kill time. They are not mean to hurt others. I have
seen American family throwing away their unfinished food. In China, it is an improper way to do so.
The Chinese respect farmers who work hard on producing rice and other food. Wasting food is

The Difference Between The North American And Mexican...
Nowadays, we are living in the community that we are interacting with people who have different
cultural background. When we interact with others who do not share the same values as us,
numerous intercultural issues are going to emerge, such as language difference, nonverbal
misinterpretation, preconceptions and stereotypes, and etc. Spanglish by James L. Brooks explores
the difference between the North American and Mexican American culture by describing how Flor
is an illegal immigrant from Mexico who does not speak any English and tries to integrate to an
American family. Although cross–cultural can be a challenge or an obstacle to interact with others,
we just need to put more effort by fostering more respect and acceptance against their culture. This
is because it is a great opportunity for us to learn from others in order to enrich our knowledge and
widen our vision toward the world.
Stereotypes happen when we have a certain judgment for a particular group of people beyond their
behaviors in the society. Miladinovic declares, "In an intercultural setting, their use increases our
sense of security and is psychologically necessary to the degree that we cannot tolerate ambiguity or
the sense of helplessness when we cannot understand or deal with other people and situations"
("Overcoming Obstacles Intercultural Communication"). In "An Introduction to Intercultural
Communication", Jandt states, "Psychologists have attempted to explain stereotyping as mistakes
our brains make

Essay on Intercultural Communication
Today, we live in a culturally diverse society due to globalization. As our world grows, expands and
become increasingly more interconnected, the need for effective interpersonal communication
among differing cultures has become apparent. When people from different cultures interact with
one another there is intercultural communication because different cultures create different
interpretation and expectations about what is seen as competent behaviors that will enable the
construction of shared meanings.
There are numerous definitions of culture but I will use the definition of the interpretive approach
and Clifford Geertz's, which defines culture as a meaning system which members use to interpret the
world around them. Culture ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When we behave ethnocentrically, we are essentially defending our group membership boundaries
and our usual ways of thinking, feeling, and responding.
According to Hofstede China values collectivism and the Chinese people are very much group
oriented. In school they have to wear uniform to belong in a cohesive group and unity. This is a very
good example of the in–group orientation, as the Chinese people establish their identity and self–
esteem by being a part of a cohesive group and they try to avoid differing from the group. As our
horizon is very much a cultural and social phenomenon it may explain why people who have the
same backgrounds find it easier to communicate and fuse horizons. People from similar
backgrounds are able to communicate in a meaningful way. Our in–groups are also our discourse or
knowledge communities that facilitate a particular identity by creating a sense of belonging, shared
world view and creating norms and rules for how to conceptualize and talk about things (Discourse
communities). Meaning is also tied to identity in the sense that the limitations made by the culture in
which we belong to allow us to distinguish who are 'within' and those who are 'outside'
(Christoffanini).
The main problem with communication between people of different cultures is the representation of
the 'Others' as different from us. When we speak of others different from us we are in general
referring to all who are

Intercultural Mediation in a Postmodern World
This presentation will focus on mediation and the very notion of intercultural mediator in a
postmodern world. Mediation is the process of intercultural transformation for all parties involved
and also a learning resource in newly constructed spaces of social interactions. Mediation refers to
an intercultural spatiality (the socially produced space (Lefebvre 1991), which is not static but
constitutive of social relations (Rick, 1997). Here it is useful to adopt Lefebvre's unitary theory of
space (1991), which brings together all its elements, namely i) the physical (real/material) or
perceived space, ii) the mental (imagined/conceptual) or conceived space and iii) the social or lived
space (Rick, 1997, pp. 10–12). The social or lived space ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Mediators are transformative learners who in fact maintain a multiple foci or perspective of both
their required skills as well as in the mediation process itself. They engage in a journey of personal
and cultural transformation in which they feel they belong maintaining at the same time their
professional impartiality. The intercultural "mediator's skills, sensitivity, awareness (of self and
others) and patience will be summoned to the forefront of this whirling space of conflicting
behaviors, substantive jousting, contesting statements and adversarial accusations" (Townsend,
2002). Jon Townsend (2002) described the following five intercultural principles and mediation
practices, which create an operational interecultural space of mutual understanding, empathy and
collaborative ethos using culturally appropriate behaviors. These principles are: 1. Flexibility;
namely the "mental elasticity" that allows mediators "to be a part of and yet apart from the cultural
milieu into which they have entered". Attributes associated with this principle are wonder, awe or
creativity. 2. Tolerance, namely the ability to resist the effects of prejudice in regards to the views,
beliefs and practices of others. "Transparency, empathetic understanding and ethnorelative valuing"
are some of the attributes associated with this principle. 3. Hope, namely the ability to act as a
positive role–model providing pathways for the

Example Of Intercultural Communication
Introduction
Rochester, New York. Where Wegmans isn't just a store, it's a way of life. Where the residents eat
plates of garbage. Where you can get frostbite and sunburn in the same week and "snow days" are
an urban legend. Where most people leave and, like a boomerang, come right back because there's
no place we'd rather call home than Ra Cha Cha. Throughout my life, I have travelled to other
countries, experienced different cultures and communicated with the individuals within those
cultures. I have also moved within the United States, from New York to Utah, and become so
immersed in another culture that I could see past the obvious differences from where I grew up and
see the differences of everyday life as well. Since moving to Salt Lake City, I've become hyperaware
of the rituals that have shaped my identity as a Rochestarian in a way that simply spending a few
weeks in another country never has. The stark cultural differences between New York and Utah have
shaped how I've interacted with people here, in both positive and negatives ways. The concepts in
James W. Neuliep's book "Intercultural Communication: A Contextual Approach", Raymond
William's piece "Culture is Ordinary", and the piece by Judith N Martin, Thomas K Nakayama, and
Lisa A. Flores, "A Dialectical Approach to Intercultural Communications" can help explain and
understand the intercultural interactions I've had and the challenges associated with them since
moving to Utah, as well as interactions I've had

Discuss The 11 Common Areas Of Intercultural Misunderstanding
Case Study Analysis: Discuss the 11 Common Areas of Intercultural Misunderstanding
Mirlande Jean–Pierre
Davenport University
MGMT 535 – Spring 1 2015
Dr. Beverly Pierce
June 20, 2015) Abstract
Nowadays, many companies have prompted business establishments to expand its network across
cultures so that they can keep up being culturally competence in the internal business world
(Vennapoosa, C., 2012, July). The importance of cross–cultural competence skill is becoming
progressively important for many worldwide companies. In order to competitively succeed in the
global marketplace, managers and professionals need to possess cross–cultural sensitivity awareness
around the world in which they plan to conduct business ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
She wanted to find half a dozen enthusiastic Japanese representatives to market a line of
pharmaceuticals in Japan. After completing ten interviews, Margaret was dumfounded. Not one
applicant spoke up in a direct, forceful manner, in spite of his or her stellar academic record and
recommendations. Not one met her eye–to–eye for very long. None seemed confortable speaking
openly and frankly about accomplishments and aspirations.
Margaret reported her discouraging interview results to the Vice President of Asian Market for the
drug company– only to endure the most embarrassing lecture of her life. To speak up, she learned
from the Vice president, can be taken as impertinence, especially if one emphasizes personal
accomplishments. To meet the eyes in the business situations is, in many Asian cultures, an
indication of disrespect or even hostility" (Bell, A.H. & Smith, D.M., 2010). In this scenario,
Margaret Owens could have prevented this uncomfortable moment with her Vice President, if only
she was culturally sensitive and knowledgeable about the Asian culture. Also, she could have got the
right team for her drug company.
Recapping and analyzing the relevant facts Margaret Owens was looking for enthusiastic Japanese
representatives for a drug company in Japan. After conducting about ten interviews, she felt like not
one of these interviewees was

Nonverbal Communication Essay
"The most important thing in communication is hearing what is not said"
This quote is is one of many famous and intriguing sayings of Peter Drucker who is known as the
Father of Management. He showed his appreciation for the importance of understanding
communication without any words or also known as nonverbal communication. In fact, nonverbal
communication is a characteristic and indispensable element in any culture and not stopping there,
nonverbal communication also demonstrates its influence on intercultural communication.
First and foremost, nonverbal communication is a process of communication through sending and
receiving wordless messages. The differences between nonverbal and verbal communication is that
we use our voice in verbal ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
First and foremost, you should learn as much as you can about the new cultures that you will be
exposed to. The principle is simple – the more effort you make, the richer the reward will be. Your
pre–preparation by learning from divergent sources like friends, the Internet can be helpful to avoid
culture shocks and help you communicate with others more easily as well as not stumble into
cultural barriers. Secondly, you should be open–minded and use cultural differences themselves as a
interesting topic in a intercultural communication. By which i mean, you should not hesitate to ask if
you feel confused about any characteristics of a new culture. Most people will feel confortable to
share with others about the customs of their own culture. By exchanging the knowledge about each
other's culture, not only do you gain a lot of knowledge about it but your communication will also
become more intimate and intriguing. Third, you should show your respect to values of other
cultures. Do not impose your own cultural values or judge views and behaviors that differ from
yours as wrong. For instance, in the aforementioned situation, the foreign guy should not have
assumed subjectively that everyone in Vietnamese culture would prefer American's

Developing Intercultural Communication : An Outstanding...
Nowadays, more active interactions across different nations and cultures are open to many people
due to the development of globalization and internationalization. The growth in foreign travel,
international trading and migration have led all countries been connected as a big community. These
kinds of events have brought about unprecedented levels of interaction and communication among
people from different cultures and different linguistic backgrounds in the world. In recent years,
there has been a growing awareness of studying intercultural communication as it plays a significant
role in facilitating communication between people who share no common cultures and languages.
Studying intercultural communication will help to bridge cultural ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Having intercultural communication competence will enhance their personal and social interactions
between people with differing cultural identities. New immigrants and international students have
made the society more multicultural and diverse. Being able to accept the differences carried by
these new arrivals and respect their religion, beliefs and rituals will build harmonious relationships
between them and local citizens, which will contribute greatly to the peace of the society. Especially
for teachers, intercultural communication competence embeds them the ability to teach and interact
with the students from different countries, without touching their cultural taboos and causing
misunderstandings. Also, many Asian countries such as China, Japan and Korea, English gains more
weight in their education system as they take English as a compulsory foreign language to learn at
school. So the society is now in great need of personnel who have a good command of language
knowledge as well as having intercultural communication skills. How to make English teaching
meet the needs of social and economic development has become an urgent task to English teachers.
The ability to communicate with people who are from various backgrounds will provide you more
chances to find a good job in some countries. Moreover, the

Movie Analysis : Crash By Paul Haggis Essay
The movie I chose to discuss for this paper is Crash by Paul Haggis. Once given the list of movies to
watch my girlfriend suggested we match this movie because you see a lot of racism in it. Being in a
rough time in the world right now social issues come close to me so I must watch it. In the movie
there are a lot of scenes that connect to social issues that plague this world currently and many
things I learned in class. I will attempt to bring each scene to a connection to social issue or things
taught in class. In this paper I will talk about the use of interpersonal, intercultural concepts,
racism/stereotyping and Knapps conflict strategies.
The main characters in this movie all connect with each other and they don't even know it .In
"Crash" taking place in Los Angeles, there are 10 Important characters that all end up connected to
each other through interpersonal communication. You have two white LAPD officers John and
Hansen, the African–American couple Cameron and Christine, two car jackers Peter and Anthony,
Farhad a store owner and finally Daniel. Through ways connecting through racism and concepts
taught in communication. With the movie Crash people can piece together the events and feelings of
the characters through their own experiences with interpersonal communication. According to Mark
L. Knapp interpersonal concepts is communication occurring between parties who are
interdependent of each person's behavior. It has to deal with the type of relationship which

Personal Worldview And Its Impact On Intercultural...
Testing may reveal how Personal Worldview and Its Affects have on Intercultural Communication.
Through testing a visual diagram may reveal various individual's perspective by aligning an
overview with others worldwide perspectives into particular groups. Therefore, by distinctively
categorizing a person's test results to provide a scope, data, and a percentage of a complete diagram
and photograph from a worldview perspective based on automatic preference. Meanwhile, these
responses may range from a strong, moderate, slim, and diminutive preference. Establishing validity
that ethnocentrism may interfere with another person's worldview towards other cultures, and how it
may impact intercultural communication from a worldview perspective. Most of the time,
individuals may not have awareness of their unconscious thoughts or behaviors, and how their own
conscious worldview spectrum has an affiliation with their beliefs possibly modifying how the
world choose to communicate. In addition, a person's individual worldview may play a role in the
implicit preference test results, understanding permitting ethnocentrism to plays a role in beliefs to
affect a person's outlook, and realizing there may not be a difference between stereotypes and being
prejudiced based on beliefs. Meanwhile, as an attending student at Grand Canyon University,
studying course COM–315 the class had to take the (IAT) test based on testing hidden unconscious
biases in individuals. In 2 preferred different

Personal Philosophy Of Leadership And Generational Lines
PERSONAL APPROACH TO LEADERSHIP 2
Personal Approach to Leadership across Cultural and Generational Lines The world seems to be
getting smaller, and a harmonized place of work seems to be something of the yesteryears. Instead,
current leaders are required to deal with a diversity of employees across generational in addition to
cultural lines, respectively with their personal values, work ethic, as well as desires. The situation
can be a difficult profession to keep every person in high spirits and productive. Therefore, styles
and approaches that function satisfactory with some individuals may be entirely unsuccessful with
others. Nevertheless, a leader should not alter their entire leadership approach every time they have
an interaction with someone from a diverse generation or cultural environment. It would be my
suggestion to have one sound approach that would work for most of everyone. In spite of age or
cultural circumstances, each member of a team for sure has one something in common: they work
for a salary and they have to be productive in order to continue to receive a salary. Therefore,
individuals should learn how to balance this and other mutual grounds into a place of work
environment that not just accepts diversity, nevertheless embraces it. Stop allowing alleged divisions
hurt team's efficiency and learn the competences needed to successfully guide a diverse team.

Intercultural Interpersonal Communication And...

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