PPT

2. PHARMACOLOGY
Is a science that studies the effect of the
drugs on the body.
You will need to have a good fundamental knowledge
on pharmacology.

3. DRUG
 Drug (drogue) is
 Therapeutic agent (To treat),
 Prophylactic agent (To prevent),
 Diagnostic agent (To detect).
 Any substance or product that is used or
intended to be used to modify or to explore
the physiological systems or pathological
states for the benefit of the recipient - WHO

4. DRUG CATEGORIES
 Non prescription drugs (OTC)
 Prescription drugs (Schedule drugs)
 Schedule A to Schedule Y

5. DRUG NOMENCLATURE
CHEMICAL NAME
NON PROPRIETARY NAME
(Generic name/Official name)
PORPRIETARY NAME
(Brand name)
You will probably use only generic or trade

6. DRUG INFORMATION
Physician’s Desk Reference (PDR)
PHARMACOPOEIA
FORMULARY
THERAPEUTIC GUIDE
REVIEW LITERATURE

7. PHARMACOKINETICS.
PHARMACODYNAMICS
.
PHARMACY.
CLINICAL
PHARMACOLOGY.
PHARMACOTHERAPEU
TICS
PHARMACOGENOMICS
.
PHARMACOEPIDEMIOL
OGY
CHEMOTHERAPY.
TOXICOLOGY.

8. DOSAGE FORMS
Liquid
Solid
Semisolid
Divisions
of dosage
forms

9. DOSAGE FORMS
TABLETS (Enteric coated,
Sustained release, Sublingual or
Buccal, Pastilles, Lozenges)
CAPSULES,
SYRUPS,
ELIXIRS,
EMULSIONS,
INJECTABLES,
LOTIONS,
OINTMENTS
PASTES,
LINIMENTS,
SUPPOSITORIES,
TRANSDERMAL
PATCHES,

11. SOURCES OF DRUGS
Name this source of drug
and the drug it is used to
make.
To make Anti cancer drug

12. SOURCES OF DRUGS
Name this source of drug
and the drug it is used to
make.
Foxglove to make digitoxin

13. Biosynthetic
Synthetic
Natural sources
Semisynthetic
SOURCES OF DRUGS

14. NATURAL
ANIMAL – HEPARIN, INSULIN, GROWTH HORMONE,
GONADOTROPINS, VITAMIN A & D.
PLANTS – RAUWOLFIA SERPENTINA , ATROPA BELLADONA,
DIGITALIS PURPUREA, DIGITALIS LANATA , VINKA
ROSEA,
PAPAVER SOMNIFERUM, CINCHONA.
MICRO ORGANISMS –
SOIL FUNGI – PENICILLIUM NOTATUM, PENICILLIUM
CHRYSOGENUM, STREPTOMYCES AUREOFACIENS.

15. BIOSYNTETIC (DNA RECOMBINANT TECHNOLOGY) –
HUMAN INSULIN, GROWTH HORMONE, TISSUE
PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR, INTERFERON, HEPATITS
VACCINE,
ERYTHROPOIETIN.
SYNTHETIC :
SULFONAMIDES, SULFONES, QUINOLONES,
ANTIHISTAMINES, ANTIDIABETIC DRUGS, ANTIMALIGNANCY
DRUGS.
DOSAGE FORMS
TABLETS, CAPSULES, INJECTABLES, DERMAL PATCHES,
INHALANTS DUSTING POWDERS,
LOTIONS,OINTMENTS, DROPS (EYE & EAR), PASTES, etc.