Drugs and their classification

Walchand College of Arts & Science, Solapur
Dr. S. N. Battin
(shankarbattin@gmail.com)
Associate Professor, Head, Dept. of Chemistry
Walchand College of Arts and Science, Solapur
(www.wcas.org)
Drugs and Their Classification
1

Learning Objectives
After this session, you will be able to explain-
• Meaning and qualities of a drug and
• Classification of Drugs on the basis of their medicinal
use.
2

Contents
• Meaning of a Drug
• Sources of Drug
• Testing of a chemical for its therapeutical value
• Qualities of an ideal drug
• Classification of Drugs
3

Meaning of a Drug
• WHO- A Chemical compound used to or intended to
be used for modifying physiological systems or
pathological states for the benefit of recipient
• Drug- Compound possessing therapeutical value
• Paul Ehrilch- Father of modern Chemotherapy
4

Sources of Drug
5
Source Examples
Plants Morphine, Quinine, Reserpine
Animals Insuline, Thyroid, Heparin
Minerals Mercury, Gold, Copper
Micro-organisms Penicillin, Bacitracin
Synthetic Aspirin, Procaine
Genetic Engineering Harmones

Steps in Testing of a Chemical
for its Therapeutical Value
1. In Vitro Testing
2. In Vivo Testing
3. Direct Testing
6

Qualities of an Ideal Drug
Drug action should be localised at the site where it is
desired to act
Should destroy the causative micro-organisms without
affecting the host tissues
Causative micro-organisms should not develop
resistance
Should not have any toxicity
Should have minimum side effects
7

Qualities of an Ideal Drug
 Bactericidal rather than bacteriostatic.
 Higher potency and specific action
 Should not be retained in the body for a longer period than
required
 Mode of application of drug must be easy
 Stable, safe and cost effective
8

Classification of Drugs
1. On the basis of Chemical structure
2. On the basis of Therapeutical action i.e. Medicinal use-
(A)Functional Drugs
(B)Chemotherapeutic agents
9

(A)Functional Drugs
• Modulate various physiological functions
• overcome the symptoms of discomforts.
Types of functional drugs-
1. Anesthetics-
e.g.Diethyl ether, Chloroform, Novacaine
2. Sedatives-
e.g.Lumanal
3. Hypnotics-
e.g. Veronal
10

(A)Functional Drugs
4. CNS stimulants-
e.g. Theobromine, Caffeine
5.Anticonvulsants-
e.g. Phenobarbitone, Thiopentone Sodium
11

Walchand College of Arts & Science, Solapur 12
Classify Following functional drugs
Aspirin
Paracetamol

Walchand College of Arts & Science, Solapur 13
Drug Type Function
Aspirin Analgesic Relives body pains
Paracetamol Antipyretic Lowers body temperature
in fever
Answers

(A)Functional Drugs (continued)
6.Analgesics-
e.g. Morphine, Aspirine
7.Antipyretics-
e.g. Paracetomol, Phenacetin, Antipyrin
8.Anti-inflammatory agents-
e.g. Ibuprofen, Diclofenac
14

(A)Functional Drugs (continued)
9.Antihistamines-
e.g. Banadryl, Ranitidine
10.Antidiabetics-
e.g. Tolbutamide, Chlorpropamide
15

(B) Chemotherapeutic Agents
• used to cure the diseases caused by microbes
• Exhibit bactericidal or bacterostatic action
Types of Chemotherapeutic agents-
1. Antiseptics and Disinfectants-
e.g.Phenol, Crystal violet,Chloramine-T
2.Antimalerials-
e.g. Pamaquine, Paludrine, Chloroquine
16

(B) Chemotherapeutic Agents
3.Antitubercular
e.g. Isonizide, Ethambutol
4. Antileprotic agents-
e.g. Dapsone, Aminosalycylic acid
17

(B) Chemotherapeutic Agents (continued)
5. Anthelmintics-
e.g.Dichlorophen,Piperazine
6.Antiamoebic agents-
e.g. Emetine, Metronidazole, Tinidazole
7.Sulpha Drugs (Antibacterials)-
e.g. Prontosil, Sulphapyridine
18

(B) Chemotherapeutic Agents (continued)
8.Antineoplastic agents-
e.g.Chlorambucil, Mustine
9.Antiviral Agents-
e.g.Amantadine, Iodoxuridine
10.Antibiotics-
e.g. Penicillin, Chloromycetin
19

References
1.Medicinal Chemistry by Burger
2. Medicinal Chemistry by Ashitosh Kar
3.Organic Chemistry Volume I and II by I.L. Finar,
ELBS,London
20

Thank you…
21

Drugs and their classification

More Related Content

What's hot

Similar to Drugs and their classification

Recently uploaded

Drugs and their classification

Editor's Notes