2. Background
•A diversion based irrigation system is one which diverts a
portion of water from a natural stream/water course/river
and uses it with or without intermediate storage for the
purpose of irrigating crops and for other human ends.
• SDTT has been implementing a programme on DBI since
2009 to promote the development of small scale irrigation
through diversion of water from streams.
•The DBI Secretariat set up in Bhubaneswar and housed in
Livolink Foundation, besides providing support to the
NGOs is also functioning as an extended arm of the Trust in
programme management
Diversion based irrigation
systems have been in vogue
for possibly decades in
regions that have
appropriate features & are
known by different names
in different parts of the
country: Kul in Himachal
Pradesh, Tar Bandh in
Mahakoshal, Phad in
Maharashtra, Dongs in
north Assam, Zebo in
Nagaland, Khadins in
Rajasthan, Pukhar in
Jhalawar areas of Madhya
Pradesh and
Rajasthan, Ahar Pyne in
Kaimur plateau and
adjacent areas of Jharkhand
and South Bihar
3. DBI Systems
Type of DBI
Structure State Partners
Ahar-Pyne Bihar, Jharkhad
PRADAN, SGVK, Satyapath, LSS,
IGS
Check dam with Channel
Work
Jharkhand, Assam, Meghalaya,
Tripura, Manipur AFPRO, RNBA
Diversion Weir with
Earthen Canal Maharashtra Yuba Mitra
Dong Assam
Gramya Vikash Mancha,
Grameen Sahara
Gonchi Andhra Pradesh CWS
Phad Maharstra Dilasa, Mittra, Yuwa mittra, ART
Tanka Rajasthan Baif, GMKS
pipe based
gravity fed Irrigation
Odisha, Assam, West Bengal,
Rasajthan
All Odisha partners, Jagmoriya
Sevabrata, GMKS
4. TANKA/ KUND/ KUNDI
In the desert and arid areas of Rajasthan & Gujarat people build unique
underground structures of various shapes and sizes to collect rain water
for drinking purposes. These structures called Tankas, Kund or Kundis
are constructed in a variety of places like court yards, in front of houses
and temples, in open agricultural fields, barren lands etc.
5. GONCHI
Gonchi is a diversion-based irrigation system developed by the local people and is
in practice in parts of Andhra Pradesh for over three centuries. It involves sharing
surface water diverted by gravity from natural streams and rivers. At the head of
these channels, farmers prepared large pits (locally called talipiri) on stream /
river bed from which the oozed water will be diverted to the channel by gravity
flow.
6. Ahar Pyne
Ahar pye system is an indigenous irrigation technology of South Bihar. An Ahar
is a rectangular embankment type water harvesting structure, i.e. a catchment
basin embankment on three sides & fourth side being the natural gradient of
land itself and pyne are the irrigation channels
8. Pipe based Gravity Flow System
•Irrigation system using Pipe costs around 4 to 5
lakhs per scheme and irrigates around 40 to 60 acre
• Average cost using pipe: Rs. 10,000/acres including
agriculture support
• Additional income through Rabi & Kharif in
medium & upland.
• AVERAGE COST IN DBI PROGRAM : Rs 4000/ acre
• Any MI scheme costs Rs. 65,000/acre • Provides irrigation to poor, who can
manage it
• Nearly zero maintenance cost helps
poor adopt it
• Helps poor attain food sufficiency
and enhance cash income
• Barefoot engineers can be promoted
for replication
• Easy to implement and short
execution period
• Small streams are tapped
• 24 hrs water supply fulfills domestic
needs reducing women drudgery
9. Outreach
The programme is being implemented by 36 NGO partners & 38 Co-partners
across 98 blocks of 47 districts of 13 states to grants support Rs 3,806 lakh
State
No. of
Organization
No. of
districts
Andhra Pradesh 2 1
Assam 4 5
Bihar 4 2
Chhatisgarh 1 1
Jharkhand 5 2
Madhya Pradesh 1 1
Maharashtra 11 5
Manipur 14 6
Meghalaya 2 1
Odisha 30 17
Rajasthan 4 2
Tripura 2 1
West Bengal 3 3
13 states 74 47
13. Achievement
State
No of
Organization
No of
districts
Amount
sanctioned
No of
families
Area
before
DBI
Area
after DBI
Andhra Pradesh 2 1 42.47 1583 4813 5693
Assam 4 5 554.48 48829 22825 33079
Bihar 4 2 150 3714 4147 7730
Jharkhand 5 2 80 2627 814 3036
Maharashtra 11 5 656.35 1293 2530 5514
Manipur 14 6 107.21 1044 5063 6295
Odisha 30 17 1500 4829 943 6048
Rajasthan 4 2 274.6 555 72 1276
West Bengal 3 3 485 2000 630 1900
13 states 74 47 3806.14 67398 37146 70495
14. Irrigation Potential Developed
Agricultural seasons Command area before DBI Command area after DBI
Kharif 24,775 40,007
Rabi 10,604 26,436
Summer 1,767 4,052
Total 37,146 70,495
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
Kharif Rabi Summer Total
38%
60%
56%
47%
Command area
before DBI
Command area
after DBI
16. Cost of Irrigation potential generation
(structure-wise)
5400
7000
2000
3500
746
6210
10000
24000
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
Ahar-Pyne Check dam
with
Channel
Work
Diversion
Weir with
Earthen
Canal
Dong Gonchi Phad pipe based
gravity fed
Irrigation
Tanka
Cost per acre
17. Provision for Drinking water
• Water supply for domestic use at HH level
• Ensuring drinking water supply natural/low cost
filtration system
• Addressing the issue of women drudgery
• Promoting homestead kitchen garden by providing
water at door step
18. Innovation in DBI: Hydraulic Ram Pump
system
A hydraulic ram pump is a device, which uses the
energy of falling water to lift a lesser amount of
water to a higher elevation than the source.
• Low cost
• No fuel needed
• Runs 24 hours per day
• Low maintenance
21. • Minimum Drive Head required 1.5m
• It lifts 10 to 20% of the flowing water 10 times the original head
• Discharge per day depends on Drive Head, Delivery Head and Efficiency
Of Pump and No. of Pumps.
• Q (Discharge) = H (drive) X Q (wr) X ŋ (pump)
-----------------------------------------
H (delivery)
Where,
• Q (Discharge) =Discharge of a pump at delivery point in lps or lpm
• H (drive) = Drive Head to run the Hydraulic Ram Pump in mt.
• Q (wr)= Water Requirement to run a pump( 1.5 to 2lps or 90 to 120
lpm)
• ŋ (pump)= Efficiency of the pump (50 to 70%)
• H (delivery)= Delivery Head in m
