Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats Skills Knowledge Experience Preparation (Additional attribute) (Additional attribute) READING LIST TO CHOOSE TOPIC FROM: 1) Writing and Citing - Rothman, J. (2014, Feb. 20). Why is Academic Writing so Academic. New Yorker. Available at: https://www.newyorker.com/books/page-turner/why-is-academic-writing-so-academic. 2) Origins of American Politics and Polices - Wood, J. (2010, May 10). Tocqueville in America. New Yorker. Available at: https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/inside-story-americas-19th-century-opiate-addiction180967673/. 3) Constitutional Provisions for Limited Government - Dunham, R. G., & Mauss, A. L. (1976). Waves from Watergate: evidence concerning the impact of the Watergate scandal upon political legitimacy and social control. Pacific Sociological Review, 19(4), 469-490. Available at: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1006&context=sociology. 4) Voting and Representative Government John Jay College of Criminal Justice - McKinley, J. & Mays, J. (2019, Oct. 24). Early Voting Stirs Anxiety in N.Y. The New York Times. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/24/nyregion/early-voting-nyelection.html. 5) Division of Power: Federal v. State Authority - Hammer, D., Phillips, B., & Schmidt, T. L. (2010). The intended—and unintended— consequences of healthcare reform. Healthcare Financial Management, 64(10), 50-55. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Terry_Schmidt5/publication/47348397_The_intendedand_unintended-consequences_of_healthcare_reform/links/5512cda50cf270fd7e33781b/Theintended-and-unintended-consequences-of-healthcare-reform.pdf. 6) America’s Civil Liberties - Nelson, T. E., Clawson, R. A., & Oxley, Z. M. (1997). Media framing of a civil liberties conflict and its effect on tolerance. American Political Science Review, 91(3), 567-583. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Thomas_Nelson6/publication/209409737_Media_Framing_ of_A_Civil_Liberties_Conflict_and_Its_Effect_on_Tolerance/links/02e7e5323276f31251000000 .pdf. February 20th – 14th Amendment and Civil Rights - Epps, G. (2015, Dec. 10). Is Affirmative Action Finished?. The Atlantic. Available at: https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2015/12/when-can-race-be-a-college-admissionsfactor/419808/. 7) Legislative Branch and the People - O’Keefe, E. (2014, Feb. 4). Farm bill passes after three years of talks. The Washington Post. Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-politics/wp/2014/02/04/farm-billpasses-after-three-years-of-talks/. February 27th – Legislative Branch and Political Parties - Everett, B., Sherman, J. & Bresnahan, J. (2013, Oct. 1). Shutdown: Congress sputters on CR. Politico. Available at: https://www.politico.com/story/2013/09/house-senate-governmentshutdown-097557. 8) Executive Branch and Domestic Policies - Guetzkow, J. (2010). Beyond deservingness: congressional d.

1. Strengths
Weaknesses
Opportunities
Threats
Skills
Knowledge
Experience
Preparation
(Additional attribute)
(Additional attribute)

2. READING LIST TO CHOOSE TOPIC FROM:
1) Writing and Citing - Rothman, J. (2014, Feb. 20). Why is
Academic Writing so Academic. New Yorker. Available at:
https://www.newyorker.com/books/page-turner/why-is-
academic-writing-so-academic.
2) Origins of American Politics and Polices - Wood, J. (2010,
May 10). Tocqueville in America. New Yorker. Available at:
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/inside-story-americas-
19th-century-opiate-addiction180967673/.
3) Constitutional Provisions for Limited Government -
Dunham, R. G., & Mauss, A. L. (1976). Waves from Watergate:
evidence concerning the impact of the Watergate scandal upon
political legitimacy and social control. Pacific Sociological
Review, 19(4), 469-490. Available at:
https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?articl
e=1006&context=sociology.
4) Voting and Representative Government
John Jay College of Criminal Justice
- McKinley, J. & Mays, J. (2019, Oct. 24). Early Voting Stirs
Anxiety in N.Y. The New York Times. Available at:
https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/24/nyregion/early-voting-
nyelection.html.
5) Division of Power: Federal v. State Authority - Hammer, D.,
Phillips, B., & Schmidt, T. L. (2010). The intended—and
unintended— consequences of healthcare reform. Healthcare
Financial Management, 64(10), 50-55. Available at:
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Terry_Schmidt5/publicatio

3. n/47348397_The_intendedand_unintended-
consequences_of_healthcare_reform/links/5512cda50cf270fd7e3
3781b/Theintended-and-unintended-consequences-of-
healthcare-reform.pdf.
6) America’s Civil Liberties - Nelson, T. E., Clawson, R. A., &
Oxley, Z. M. (1997). Media framing of a civil liberties conflict
and its effect on tolerance. American Political Science Review,
91(3), 567-583. Available at:
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Thomas_Nelson6/publicati
on/209409737_Media_Framing_
of_A_Civil_Liberties_Conflict_and_Its_Effect_on_Tolerance/li
nks/02e7e5323276f31251000000 .pdf.
February 20th – 14th Amendment and Civil Rights - Epps, G.
(2015, Dec. 10). Is Affirmative Action Finished?. The Atlantic.
Available at:
https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2015/12/when-can-
race-be-a-college-admissionsfactor/419808/.
7) Legislative Branch and the People - O’Keefe, E. (2014, Feb.
4). Farm bill passes after three years of talks. The Washington
Post. Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-
politics/wp/2014/02/04/farm-billpasses-after-three-years-of-
talks/.
February 27th – Legislative Branch and Political Parties -
Everett, B., Sherman, J. & Bresnahan, J. (2013, Oct. 1).
Shutdown: Congress sputters on CR. Politico. Available at:
https://www.politico.com/story/2013/09/house-senate-
governmentshutdown-097557.
8) Executive Branch and Domestic Policies - Guetzkow, J.
(2010). Beyond deservingness: congressional discourse on
poverty, 1964— 1996. The Annals of the American Academy of

4. Political and Social Science, 629(1), 173-197. Available at:
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Joshua_Guetzkow/publicat
ion/239770353_Beyond_Deservi
ngness_Congressional_Discourse_on_Poverty_19641996/links/5
54c71e10cf29752ee7ee539.pdf.
9) Executive Branch and Foreign Policies
John Jay College of Criminal Justice 5
- A transcript of George Bush’s war ultimatum speech from the
Cross Hall in the White House (2003):
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2003/mar/18/usa.iraq
10) Bureaucracy - Johnson, R. N., & Libecap, G. D. (1994).
The" Problem of Bureaucracy". In The federal civil service
system and the problem of bureaucracy (pp. 1-11). University of
Chicago Press. Available at:
https://www.nber.org/chapters/c8632.pdf.
March 12th – Judicial Branch - Citizens United v. Federal
Election Commission, 558 U.S. 310 (2010). Read through the
case information here: https://www.oyez.org/cases/2008/08-205.
11) We the People - Monroe, A. D. (1998). Public opinion and
public policy, 1980-1993. Public Opinion Quarterly, 6-28.
Available at:
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.955.1
091&rep=rep1&type=pdf.
March 19th – Political Parties - Drutman, L. (2020, Jan. 2).
America Is Now the Divided Republic the Framers Feared. The
Atlantic. Available at:
https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2020/01/two-party-
systembroke-constitution/604213/.

5. 12) Elections - Steger, W. P. (2007). Who wins nominations and
why? An updated forecast of the presidential primary vote.
Political Research Quarterly, 60(1), 91-99. Available at:
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Wayne_Steger/publication/
239531074_Who_Wins_Nomin
ations_and_Why_An_Updated_Forecast_of_the_Presidential_Pri
mary_Vote/links/568d006608a efb48d4bf24f4.pdf.
March 26th – Power and Protest - Listen to NPR’s “The
Surprising Legacy Of Occupy Wall Street In 2020” here:
https://www.npr.org/2020/01/23/799004281/the-surprising-
legacy-of-occupy-wall-street-in2020.
13) Politics and Religion - Schwartz, J. (2015, June 8).
Highlights From the Supreme Court Decision on Same-Sex
Marriage. The New York Times. Available at:
https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2015/us/2014-term-
supreme-court-decision-same-sexmarriage.html.
John Jay College of Criminal Justice 6
14) Politics and the Economy - Lowrey, A. (2019, Aug. 26).
The Next Recession Will Destroy Millennials. The Atlantic.
Available at:
https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2019/08/millennials-
are-screwedrecession/596728/.
15) Welfare State - Learn about President Roosevelt’s New
Deal here: https://www.history.com/topics/greatdepression/new-
deal.
April 23rd – Regulatory Policy - Funk, C., & Kennedy, B.
(2017). Public divides over environmental regulation and energy
policy. Pew Research Center. Availzble at:

6. https://www.pewresearch.org/science/2017/05/16/public-
divides-over-environmental-regulationand-energy-policy/.
16) International Relations - Hufbauer, G. C., Cimino, C., &
Moran, T. (2014). NAFTA at 20: Misleading Charges and
Positive Achievements. Piie Briefing, (14-3). Available at:
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/6187/b2b83761a89e3a465025e
77f67a5b0ef44fd.pdf?_ga=2.142
595186.1578156890.1580082205-655531515.1580082205.
The American System - Eidlinz, B. (2020). We Shouldn’t Be
Nostalgic for Jimmy Hoffa. Jacobin. Available at:
https://jacobinmag.com/2020/01/jimmy-hoffa-teamsters-the-
irishman-union-corruption.
The midterm paper (4-5 pages) will be a newspaper article in
response to one of the readings from the syllabus. (Listed
reading below) All written material should follow the following
format: double-spaced, 12-point, Times Roman Font, one-inch
margins. The assignments should be formatted in APA style.
DUE by 11:59pm on March 18th Eastern Time. IT IS
IMPORTANT THAT ASSIGNMENT IS SUBMITTED ON
TIME.
Instructions: The assignment is to write a newspaper article on
a topic related to America government that is inspired by one of
the readings for the course. You should start with an
introduction that lays out the topic and perhaps provides the
reader with a roadmap. You should then briefly summarize the
topic you chose. Most of the essay should be devoted to the
development of your analysis, critique, and/or reflection. In the
conclusion, summarize your argument and maybe include some
“food for thought” or what can be learned from further study of

7. the topic. As part of the assignment, you should interview a
person whose experience will help get your point across.
Include quotes from this person in the paper along with the
person’s name and relation to the topic. Though this is a
newspaper article, I want you to include ample supporting
evidence for your statements and arguments.
Writing tips: Before you start writing, think about what you
want to argue (e.g., what points you want to make, what
evidence you want to present, etc.) and develop an outline that
indicates how you will demonstrate your argument. As you
write, you will likely discover new ideas and points that you
will want to incorporate in the essay. In order to make sure that
the essay is intellectually coherent, you must go back and
revise. On that note, an essay is not a random collection of
thoughts. Make sure to have a clear topic and good structure.
Remember, if you cannot answer the 5 W’s, you do not yet have
a clear argument. And, use transition words/sentences to guide
the reader through your argument. Likewise, an essay is not an
outline. So, develop your ideas. Do not simply state points, but
expand on them/explain their importance and connections to
other issues. Lastly, remember to put yourself the reader’s
place. What questions would you raise if you were a
knowledgeable reader unfamiliar with the topic? Revise your
paper so as to provide sufficient information/evidence and to
counter potential objections. Editing tips: Do not use slang,
contractions, abbreviations, or text-message acronyms! Avoid
overly long, complex sentences. Write in the active rather than
the passive voice. When writing about the past, use the past
tense. Avoid block quotes. Proofread your paper carefully
LIST of READINGS: in next attachment.

8. Week 5 Guidance - Environmental Risk Management,
Community Response to Environmental Controversy, and
SWOT Analysis
Welcome! This week, we will discuss Environmental Risk
Management, Community Response to Environmental
Controversy, and SWOT Analysis. The learning outcomes are as
follows:
1. Explain how risk management concepts apply to business in
the context of environmental law.
2. Create a community response to a controversial
environmental issue.
3. Develop a SWOT analysis to work with stakeholders in an
environmental dispute.
Required Resources
Text
1. Read the following chapters in your text, Environmental Law:
2. Chapter 2: History, Standing, Local Government Regulation,
Risk Management, and Workplace Safety
3. Mind Tools. SWOT analysis. Retrieved from
http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newTMC_05.htm. This
site supports the SWOT Analysis assignment this week.
Discussions
Participate in the following discussions:
1. Environmental Risk Management.1st Post Due by Day
3. Explain the relevance of precedents in environmental law and
judicial interpretation for businesses when formulating risk
management policies, and why risk management is important to
business in the context of environmental law. Respond to at
least two of your fellow students’ postings.
2. Community Response to Environmental Controversy.1st Post

9. Due by Day 3. Using the internet or newspaper, locate an article
about a controversial environmental issue in your community.
Create a critical response from a legal perspective to that issue
in a form of a letter on behalf of the community (In other
words, pretend like you are a spokesperson for the community
and you are responding critically to the environmental
controversy). You should direct your letter to the party that you
perceive is the cause of this controversy (e.g. business or
government). In your letter, identify opportunities for the
business community to get involved in improving the
environment as it relates to the controversy. Remember to
briefly describe the issue that you are critiquing. (Note that this
issue should be a different issue than you use for your Week
Five SWOT Analysis. Respond to at least two of your fellow
students’ postings.
Assignment
1. SWOT Analysis.Due by Day 7. Prepare a three-page paper
(excluding the title and reference pages and SWOT template)
that address the following: Address all of the following parts of
this assignment:
2. Describe an environmental dispute in your community or
state in which a business is a major contributor to the problem
or challenge. (Note that this should be a different issue than the
one you used for Week Five Discussion Two.)
3. When describing the environmental dispute, discuss the
specific business involved in the dispute, as well as the
business’ role in the dispute.
4. Analyze the skills, knowledge, experience, and preparation
that would be necessary for that business to successfully work
with stakeholders to resolve the environmental dispute. In
addition, analyze the deficiencies in the business’ ability to
resolve the dispute successfully.
5. Prepare a SWOT analysis, using the SWOT Analysis
Template. Additional information on conducting a SWOT
analysis is available on Mind Tools. Besides skills, knowledge,

10. experience, and preparation, you should examine two other
attributes of your choice in your SWOT analysis(e.g.
homegrown business, foreign business, reputation of business,
etc.).
This paper must be formatted according to APA style guidelines
as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
Carefully review the Grading Rubricfor the evaluation of your
assignments.
Reflection
Chapter 2 discusses the history of environmental law, the
standing concept, and environmental law, local government
regulation, risk assessment, and safety in the work place. Before
the 1960s, environmental law did not exist as it is today.
“Scattered laws in the United States provided relief for
environmental problems” (Schroeder, 2008 p. 22). Modern laws
on environmental protection can be traced to public health and
resource conservation laws in the nineteenth century as well as
in private legal action for damage resulting from pollution. As a
result of the consequence of the Industrial Revolution, many
cities had to enact ordinances on smoke abatement and to adopt
sanitary codes to protect drinking water (Luneberg, 2002).
Preventive federal statutes were enacted in the early 20th
century for the regulation of the quality of food, drinking water,
and the treatment of sewage (Lewis, 1988). A majority of the
legislation on the environment, before the 1960s, was at the
state and local level.
The 1970s saw a major growth in environmental law. While
earlier federal and state legislation had separately addressed
public health problems and the maintenance of some
environmental amenities, these separate stands converged to
become modern American environmentalism the early 1970s.
There was the concern for the “protection and enhancement of
public health and welfare, with welfare being defined broadly to
include aesthetic appreciation and other noneconomic values”
(Luneberg, p. 381). The National Environmental Policy Act is

11. one of the policies enacted in 1970.
In the 1980s, environmental justice and environmental racism
issues were at the forefront of environmental law. The 1990s
however, saw a trend of seeking politicians’ views on
environmental issues so that they could be held accountable.
This trend continues to influence environmental issues in the
country. Please read the entire chapter for a full understanding
of the history of environmental law and the concepts discussed.
The other required resource for this week is the SWOT Analysis
found on Mind Tools (please see the link under the required
resources above). A SWOT analysis is a technique used to
evaluate the following four elements of a project or business
namely: strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats.
Strengths and weaknesses are internal to the business or
organization while opportunities and threats are external. What
are some of the internal and external factors to consider?
Internal factors include location (of business or organization),
image or reputation, and patents. External factors include
prices, competitors, and suppliers. It is important to remember
that internal factors can be changed even though they might
require a lot effort. However, external factors cannot be
changed.
The SWOT analysis is applicable to community health
development, education, and personal growth despite its
original intention for business and industry. Goodrich (2015)
notes that the major object of the SWOT analysis is the
identification of all factors, positive and negative, that may
influence strategic planning and decision making. Please access
the provided link to learn more about SWOT Analysis.
References
Goodrich, R. (2015, January 1). SWOT Analysis: Examples,
Templates, & Definition. Business News Daily. Retrieved
from http://www.businessnewsdaily.com/4245-swot-
analysis.html.
Luneberg, W. (2002). Environmental Law in the USA. In P.

12. Compton, D. Devuyst, l. Hens. & B. Narth
(Eds.), Environmental Management in Practice: Volume 1.
Instruments for Environmental Management (pp. 378 – 403).
New York, NY: Routledge.
Lewis, J. (1988). Looking Backward: A Historical Perspective
on Environmental Regulations. EPA Journal, 14(2), 26-29
Schroder, K. L. (2008). Environmental Law. Clifton Park, NY:
Thomas Delmar Learning
Week 5 Assignment -SWOT Analysis
PLEASE DO NOT SUBMIT A BID FOR THIS ASSIGNMENT
IF YOU DO NOT HAVE EXPERIENCE WITH GRADUATE
LEVEL WRITING TERMS AND CONCEPTS. ALL
DIRECTIONS MUST BE FOLLOWED AND NO PLAGIARISM.
MY SCHOOL USES SOFTWARE TO DETECT COPIED
MATERIAL.
Prepare a three-page paper (excluding title and reference pages
and SWOT template) that addresses the following:
1. Describe an environmental dispute in your community or
state in which a business is a major contributor to the problem
or challenge. (Note that this should be a different issue than the
one you used for Week Five Discussion Two.)
2. When describing the environmental dispute, discuss the
specific business involved in the dispute, as well as the
business’s role in the dispute.
3. Analyze the skills, knowledge, experience, and preparation
that would be necessary for that business to successfully work
with stakeholders to resolve the environmental dispute. In
addition, analyze the deficiencies in the business’ ability to

13. resolve the dispute successfully.
4. Prepare a SWOT analysis, using the SWOT Analysis
Template (attached). Additional information on conducting a
SWOT analysis is also available from Mind ToolsBesides skills,
knowledge, experience, and preparation, you should examine
two other attributes of your choice in your SWOT analysis (e.g.,
homegrown business, foreign business, reputation of business,
etc.).
This paper must be formatted according to APA style guidelines
Mind Tools -
https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newTMC_05.htm