Relationship Between Mathematics And Logic With Boolean Logic

Relationship Between Mathematics And Logic With Boolean Logic
Almost everyone at some point their life has used a computer. Most people haven 't thought about how they work or operate. Those who have, often
enter the field of software development. The relatively new field of software development has many advantages and opportunities, including good pay,
and good opportunities to advance in this wide open and quickly growing job field.
Programing has been around much longer than most people think. Some experts consider the earliest programing was completed in France as
early as 1804 by Joseph Marie Jacquard. He used punch cards for a loom that predefined tasks for the machine.("1. Introduction to Software
History." Introduction to Software History. Web 7). Several years later, Charles Boole, a British mathematician proved the relationship between
mathematics and logic with BOOLEAN logic (binary) in 1847. (4) The only characters in BOOLEAN logic are 0 meaning false, and 1 meaning
true. Although it will be nearly 100 years before BOOLEAN logic will be used in computers, it was still a huge breakthrough. (11) Some
advancements in software were reinvented, due to the work not becoming public or prohibited from becoming public.(6) Much like hardware, software
was developed in large distinguishable steps. (6) The first computer programs had one purpose, and the hardware must be changed to run a different
program. At first this is how computers were developed. This all changed when John Von Neumann, working at the Institute for Advanced
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Digital Logic : The Autobiography Of Binary
Digital Logic: The autobiography of Binary
Calculators, watches, computers – eletronic devices of all kinds that immerse the information age that has so dautingly taking control of modern
society. Stephen Rajkumar Samuels–Koothrapalli takes apart the casing of most prominent technologies, exploring the evolution of analog to digitial
logic and it's implications for the growth of contemporary eletronics. The development of digital logic circuits began with the creation of
electromechnical relays by Jospeh Henry in 1853. Relays are devices that allow small currents residing in relay coils to close their contacts, permitting
the flow of larger currents in an electrical circuit (Vogel, 2015); these relays are found in essentially all... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This condensing of information into a single digit input, instigation of a process, followed by the output also being a single digit allows for easy
pattern finding or in the case of Boolean algebra, the simplification of logic gates in a digital circuit.
Furthermore, it can be seen that digital circuits utilise the converted information in two forms, combinational and sequential circuits. Combinational
circuits operate as functions of input, with a consistent input reliably resulting in a consistent output e.g. an input of 01 into a circuit results in a 01
output, this process will remain, whenever this input is put into the circuit the 01 output will result (Lin, 2003). Sequential circuits differ in that their
output can be affected by previous inputs and future inputs through the utilisation of memory elements that store previous logic values (Schibli & Lee,
2015). This data retention is achieved through Flip Flops, memory elements capable of storing a single bit of information in binary form (Godse &
Godse, 2009). When grouped these form Registers whose sole purpose is the shifting and storing of binary data (Bakshi & Godse, 2009). As seen in
figure 1.2, output Z is a function of the External Input and the memory states. The 'function of input' is 'saved' into the state, with the next signal from
the external input being affected by the new internal input (Sequential Switching

The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction by...
While reading the article, "The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction" by Walter Benjamin, it is clear to grasp the idea being portrayed.
The author is determined to prove to his readers how the advancement of humanity has led to drastic changes in how we create and perceive artwork.
Mechanical reproduction of a work of art, however, represents something new. Historically, it advanced intermittently and in leaps at long intervals, but
with accelerated intensity. One of the questions brought up in the article is: Has the aura of art been altered through its mechanical reproduction?
Walter Benjamin offers several strong examples to describe exactly what aura is and how mechanical reproduction drastically alters this deep sensation
in original artwork. Moreover, he includes two key concepts of ritual and tradition throughout the article. The author does a good job of explaining how
the mechanical reproduction of artifacts can negatively influence the traditional form of fine art. In other words, art was simply a craft that was
man–made before we had the ability to duplicate it. The custom of creating art was considerably altered when mechanical reproduction started. Hence,
the original or "traditional" way of producing fine art was completely changed. Secondly, Walter Benjamin uses theconcept of ritual, which he has also
clearly defined within his article. Using context clues, we can deduce that he believes the aura of any art is never disconnected from its

The Film The Joy Of Logic With Professor Dave Cliff
Logic is a thought process formed by systems of reasoning and deductions, explained in the film The Joy of Logic with Professor Dave Cliff. The film
discusses the complex definition of logic which includes formal reasons, "clear thought, good reasoning, reliable argument", which originated in the
times of Socrates and Aristotle. Furthermore, logic drives the fundamental process of reason through a set of various rules. This mathematical and
social revolution impacts the way people live by affecting the way we speak to one another. Though often people do not consciously pay close
attention to how logic affects our speaking patterns, they do indefinitely. The phrases we use, for example the film's beer example with the three
logicians, is a way

K-Maps
Question 12 / 2 points Looping on a K–map always results in the elimination of: variables within the loop that appear only in their uncomplemented
form. variables that remain unchanged within the loop. Correct Responsevariables within the loop that appear in both complemented and
uncomplemented form. variables within the loop that appear only in their complemented form. Question 22 / 2 points In a K–Map the number of
squares in a cover (loop) is allways a power of two. Correct ResponseTrue False Question 32 / 2 points What theorem is used when two terms in
adjacent squares are combined? Correct ResponseUniting Elimination Multiplying and factoring Consensus Question 40 / 2... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
What is true about the expression of f given in the figure? a) The given expression of f represents the minimum solution. b) An expression of f in
product–of–sums that gives the minimu cost for f exits and is equivalent in cost to the minimum solution in sum–of–products. c) Both options a) and b
are true Incorrect Responsed) The given expression for f does not follow the covers (loops) shown in the K–map. Correct Answere) None of the above
is true Question 113 / 3 points The figure above shows the corresponding K–Map of the function F(X1,X2,X3). What is the expression corresponding
to the minimum cost of F? X1'X2'X3'+X1'X2X3'+X1X2'X3+X1X2X3 X1'X2'+X1X3 X1'X3'+X1X2 Correct ResponseNone of the above Question 120
/ 3 points The figure above shows the K–map of a four variable f(A,B,C,D). What is true about f? Incorrect ResponseOnly a sum–of–products
expression gives the minimum solution. Only product–of–sums expression gives the minimum solution. Correct AnswerEither a sum–of–products or a
product– of–sums gives minimum cost expression. A minimum solution for F will have at least three terms with three literlas. Question 130 / 3 points
In the K–Map of the figure above, which of the following is

What is a Computer?
What is a computer?
When trying to explain the computer to my grandparents I realizing just how complicated it is Explaining what it is and why it's so powerful, the
differences between data and information and how the computer knows what to do.
First what is a computer? A computer is a general purpose device that can be programmed to carry out a set of arithmetic or logical operations. Since a
sequence of operations can be readily changed, the computer can solve more than one kind of problem. Conventionally, a computer consists of at least
one processing element, typically a central processing unit (CPU) and some form of memory. The processing element carries out arithmetic and logic
operations, and a sequencing and control unit that can ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
ARPANET's main job was to research computer networking in order to provide a safe, secure communications system in case of war. (Internet)
If we didn't have computers we wouldn't have so much information at our finger tips it is astonishing to think how computers came about, how would
we get answers so quickly. A second reason why computers are powerful is because people make them powerful by putting mass information and data
into them for easy access latter.
Third there is a difference between data and information Data is raw, unorganized facts that need to be processed. Data can be something simple and
seemingly random and useless until it is organized. And information is when data is processed, organized, structured or presented in a given context
so as to make it useful, it is called Information (contributors.) Information is interpreted data. An example of data is a single person's bowling score is
one piece of data and information is The Bowling team's average score is the information that can be concluded from the given data. (Introductory
com2)
Finally how does a computer know what to do? Computers cannot run unless they have a commander computers have programs that have special
language telling it tasks to do. It is hard to believe somebody just thought of an idea like this and was able to make it happen. In the past 50 years we
have came up with several billion ideas that actually work out well! It is crazy to look around everyday

Konwledge and Survival
Knowledge nowadays are the utmost significant thing needed by everyone in order to survive in this so called cruel world. But what kind of
knowledge need to be kept and what is need to be discarded considering the time frame which is 'today–tomorrow'? Today might not really mean on
this particular day and date but it might as well mean the exact moment when a knowledge is classified as knowledge. Likewise, tomorrow might
not really mean tomorrow but it tends to be the future. As knowledge is not totally valued by its function, it might be discarded in the days ahead.
In other words, it is ignored. But for the knowledge to be accepted, it needs someone to make the knowledge stay and this someone can be the
society or the authority. Therefore, I am going to discuss does knowledge in arts is treated the same way as in natural sciences with regard to time?
Arts is the expression of human creativity and to argue with the knowledge question, I claim that yesterday's knowledge acquired in arts will not be
discarded in the future. Knowledge in arts is insisted to be subjective as it overlaps with all areas of knowledge. To gain knowledge from arts is said
to be done by asking yourself what they mean to you and what you can learn from them. "Creativity takes courage" said Henri Matisse, a French artist.
To appreciate the arts, one should not discard the knowledge because knowledge in arts can become knowledge in history. For instance, the prehistoric
sculptures that we know today

Rhetorical Analysis
The Squint and the Wail Rhetorical Analysis "The Squint and the Wail" is an essay by Michael Hsu. Hsu, a Taiwanese American author and editor,
wrote this essay in order to express his views on the negative connotations that occur with some of the racially charged objects present in society. More
specifically, the essay deals with the stereotypical nature of The Chin Family. The Chin Family is the name of Stefano Giovannoni's tabletop collection,
which includes salt and pepper shakers that have the caricaturized facial expressions of Chinese people (Giovanni, 404). In this essay, Hsu talks about
the appalling nature of the stereotypical features and how those features pose a derogatory inference to Chinese culture, but then... Show more content
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His father even explained to him the historical reasoning behind the facial structure of the salt shaker and the name "Chin" for the Chin family.
This instance of logos is very strong for the reader and the author. For the reader, it appeals to the logical aspects of racial identity. It makes one think
about how the views of a race from one racial group differ from that of the racial group being analyzed. It also allows the reader to see race–related
material from a different perspective. After reading the piece, the reader should most likely have a different view on racially charged material. As for
the author, his comparisons appeal to his logical reasoning. It shows that he shouldn't have jumped the gun and immediately felt defamed or insulted
but instead should have done his research more on the significance of the racial symbols of the tabletop collection. Michael Hsu conformed to the
general tradition present in writings that pertain to one defending his or her race. The mythos present here can be seen by the initial attitude of the
author. Traditionally, if one is defending his or her race, they may tend to deviate from facts and move straight towards letting out emotions of
annoyance or outrage. Although mythos is present in this essay, it does not do a good job in persuading the reader but instead highlights the fallacies
present in the author's logic. It is because the mythos highlights

ethical neutrality
ETHICAL NEUTRALITY In what follows, when we use the term "evaluation" we will mean, where nothing else is implied or expressly stated,
practical value–judgments as to the unsatisfactory or satisfactory character of phenomena subject to our influence. The problem involved in the
"freedom" of a given discipline from evaluations of this kind, i.e., the validity and the meaning of this logical principle, is by no means identical with
the question which is to be discussed shortly, namely, whether in teaching one should or should not declare one's acceptance of practical evaluations,
regardless of whether they are based on ethical principles, cultural ideals or a philosophical outlook. This question cannot be settled scientifically. It is...
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On that account, in the last analysis, it must be decided only with reference to those tasks which the individual, according to his own set of values,
assigns to the universities. Those who on the basis of their qualifications as university teachers assign to the universities, and thereby to themselves, the
universal role of forming character, of inculcating political, ethical, aesthetic, cultural or other beliefs, will take a different position from those who
believe it necessary to affirm the proposition and its implications – that university teaching achieves really valuable effects only through specialised
training by specially qualified persons. Hence, "intellectual integrity" is the only specific virtue which universities should seek to inculcate. The first
point of view can be defended from as many different ultimate evaluative standpoints as the second. The second – which I personally accept – can be
derived from a most enthusiastic as well as from a thoroughly modest estimate of the significance of "specialised training". In order to defend this
view, one need not be of the opinion that everyone should become as much a pure "specialist" as possible. One may, on the contrary, espouse it
because one does not wish to see the ultimate and deepest personal decisions which a person must make regarding his life, treated exactly as if they
were the same as specialised training.

Design Automation Of Integrated Circuits And Fpga
ECE 501 Home Work Assignment Instructor: Eric J. Balster. Student: Modukuri Sri Harsha
INTRODUCTION:
VHDL – VHSIC HARDWARE DESCRIPTION LANGUAGE is a hardware description language used in design automation to describe signals in
integrated circuits and FPGA's. This is used to write codes for the circuits and it is simulated. The test for the codes is done in the ALTERA. The
Simulation models are called as test bench. This Test bench is to verify the functionality of the... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In this we create a binary file that can program the DE2 board FPGA. Connect the power to board and board to laptop through USB Blaster port. Here
we finally test the design on FPGA.
Types of Execution: Here in this VHDL coding there are two types of executions that are used in it. Dataflow type and Behavioral type. The Dataflow
is executed using the Boolean expressions and the signals that are given as inputs and outputs. In Behavioral type processing of signals takes place
inside the statement. In this signals are simulated in sequential order.
Designs: For F3: 00011110
1
1
1
1111 11
00 01 11 10
From the above table we have 1 quad label and 4 pairs,
On solving the above K–Map we get an Boolean equation for the input A,B,C,D is given by F3: B'C+A'B'D'+BC'D+A'BD+ACD'

For F2: 00011110
1
1
1
11
1
1
1
1
00 01 11
10
From the above table we have 1 quad label and 1 pair and 4 singles,
On solving the above K–Map we get a Boolean

The Projetion of the Perfection Paradox
The Projection of the Perfection Paradox
In RenГ© Descartes's Discourse on Method, "seeking the true method for arriving at knowledge" (p. 10) is the goal in which he states in the
beginning of discourse. With that end in mind, by analyzing proofs that Descartes finds it can be seen if this was achieved. The proof that God exist
is a defining moment in the discourse since God is continually referenced for origin of true knowledge. The reference to God does not only set the
stage for further proofs on knowledge, but as the original truth, all of what Descartes finds real can be related back to God. This idea will be key in
order to keep the excising of the method going when Descartes falls stagnant when relating to the external world (p. 19). Nevertheless, his two proofs
of the existence of God affect the entire discourse either logical or structurally. His reasoning for the both proofs is in someway exposed to either an
assumption or a logical mistake. While the need for two proofs reflects negatively on the way the theme is structured through out the entire discourse.
Inherently, the way these issue are dealt with will show the proficiency of Descartes 's method. God's existence is a fundamental idea in the Discourse
on Method, since Descartes's method is unsuccessful to prove this idea with out any error; the entire message of the discourse suffers.
Descartes's method, as shown in part two, is set up to ensure that he is conducting his reasoning with the most

Historical Development Of The Ruled Based System Methodology
Historical Development of the Ruled–based system methodology 95 Computer–based clinical decision support (CDS) system employ decision rules
that either uses procedure rules or production rules. A procedure is a compilation of data and logical statements that influence them by using control
structures to control the decision–making flow. A rule–based system, utilizing a heuristic approach, comprises a set of statements called production
rules. Production rules were initially studied in the 1940s and used in a different field of grammar. According to Greenes (2014), they were created as
axioms to aid in rewriting strings as a section of the specification of a formal grammar. This concept was then transferred to solving problems. It took
the... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A final advantage to using the production rule is that only some rules may be altered to achieve a result, compared to modifying the immense code in
procedural rule systems (Greenes, 2014). However, the production rules' independence in itself creates a disadvantage. Due to its independent nature,
the output action may not be able to be determined. This is amplified when the knowledge base comprises over one hundred rules in its system. This
vast rule system prevents a knowledge engineer from finding similar rules when updating the knowledge base. Hence, specific tools were created to
circumvent this issue (Greenes, 2014). Furthermore, a rule–based system can implement either a backward chain reasoning or a forward chain
reasoning. In Figure 2.6: Rule–based system, it illustrates the backward chain method, also referred to as goal–directed reasoning. Here, the goal is to
diagnose a disorder y which resides in the action part of the equation. Now, the inference engine must ascertain if x (i.e., the condition) is true. Thus, the
inference engine locates any data/rules that make the condition x true. The rule is abandoned if it cannot fulfill the goal (Greenes, 2014). In contrast,
the forward chain (also known as data driven reasoning) is utilized when data assembles consistently in an application such as in patient monitoring.
Here, the inference engine employs new information or concluded values to apply any rules

Argument Of An Open Source Visualisation Tool
Argument Visualisation tools
1.Abstract
2.Introduction
Argumentation is the area that studies the relation between a claim and any statement that supports or opposes this claim.
Argument visualisation is the way to present the arguments, which make it easy way to analysis and evaluate. There are many tools help to visualise
arguments used different type of visualisation, such as, network, tree, and table.
Argument graph is import to summarize the complex argument on documents, which make all the argument's elements and relation clear and explicit.
Also it can play role in making decision. The decision can be taken after analysis the graph and find solution for problems.
3.Background
3.1.Network Visualisation:
It is type of visualisation which support directed and undirected graph. The graph consists of nodes and lines.
3.1.1.CompendiumLD: is an open source visualisation tool that is usually used for learning purposes [1]. It helps education's staff to organise their
ideas, design learning tutorials, and share relevant materials with students. CompendiumLD has a clear layout as Fig. 1 shows. This tool consists of
sets of icons. Users can simply drag and drop the icons and use arrows to link between the icons and describe task's direction between them. The
icons are divide to groups according to their objectives [2]. Some icons are used for learning design while other are used to express conditional issues
in the task. For example, if a student passes the

Annotated Bibliography On Import Java
// to play, just run the program
import java.applet.Applet; import java.applet.AudioClip; import java.net.MalformedURLException; import java.net.URL; import java.util.Scanner;
import javax.sound.sampled.AudioInputStream; import javax.sound.sampled.AudioSystem; import javax.sound.sampled.Clip;
public class TTT
{
public static Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
public static void reset(char[][] board) { for (int i = 0; i < board.length; i++) for (int j = 0; j < board[0].length; j++) board[i][j] = ' '; }
public static void show(char[][] board) { int rows = board.length; int cols = board[0].length;
System.out.println(); System.out.print(" "); for (int i = 0; i < cols; i++) System.out.print(i + " "); System.out.print( ' '); System.out.println(); for (int
i = 0; i < rows; i++) { System.out.print(i + " "); for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) { if (j != 0) System.out.print("|"); System.out.print(" " + board[i][j] + " "); }
System.out.println(); if (i != (rows – 1)) { System.out.print(" "); for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) { if (j != 0) System.out.print("+"); System.out.print("–––");
} System.out.println(); } } System.out.println(); }
public static void userTurn(char[][] board, char user) { System.out.print("
Enter the row and then column: "); int rows =

A New Approach to Portfolio Matrix Analysis for Strategic...
A NEW APPROACH TO PORTFOLIO MATRIX ANALYSIS
FOR STRATEGIC MARKETING PLANNING
1
2
Vladimir DobriД‡ , Boris DelibaЕЎiД‡
Faculty of organizational science, vdobric@fon.rs
2
Faculty of organizational science, delibasic.boris@fon.rs
1
Abstract: Portfolio matrix is probably the most important tool for strategic marketing planning, especially in the strategy selection stage. Position of the
organization in the portfolio matrix and it's corresponding marketing strategy depends on the aggregation of values of relevant strategic factors.
Traditional approach to portfolio matrix analysis uses averaging function as an aggregation operator. This approach is very limited in realistic business
environment characterized by complex ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is clear that the use of weighted arithmetic mean as an aggregation operator can't express all the possible interactions between strategic factors that
exist in a realistic business environment. This explains why the traditional approach to portfolio matrix analysis is highly limited, with the inherited
weaknesses that can't be overcome without substantial modification. Therefore, under previous conditions, it is obvious that a new approach to
portfolio matrix analysis is needed. This new approach must take in consideration all the possible forms of interactions between strategic factors that
can occur in a realistic business environment.
These interactions can be expressed with a logical aggregation operator, so a new approach to portfolio matrix analysis can be based on this operator.
W eighted arithmetic mean and other known aggregation operators are just, as we will see in the following sections, special cases of logical
aggregation operator.
2. THE MCDONALD'S DIRECTIONAL POLICY MATRIX (DPM)
Although the DPM, like other models of portfolio matrices, attempts to define an organization's strategic position and strategy alternatives, this

objective can't be met without considering what is meant by the term
вЂћorganization". The accepted level at which an organization can be analysed using the DPM is that of the
вЂћstrategic business unit". The most common

The Decisive Treatise: Averroes
With the passing of the notable ancient Greek greats, a new era in philosophy emerged. The Medieval period fostered an outburst of Islamic culture and
thought, with many significant philosophers leading the way. Amongst these was Averroes, who thrived during the early 12th century. His many areas
of interest allowed him to be a very learned and experienced individual, enabling him to produce many publications elaborating his thoughts. One of
these publications is The Decisive Treatise, in which he discusses the role that philosophy plays in religion and how that impacts society. According to
Averroes, in The Decisive Treatise, philosophy is a required part of religion that provides educated individuals with a deeper understanding of... Show
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The unmentioned aspects are the parts that are open for interpretation, while the mentioned have definite meanings and are accepted by all. It is
universally agreed upon by all Muslims, from many generations, that some Laws are apparent thus anyone who disputes those Laws is clearly
wrong. All people seem to be united by the concept that certain Laws are indispensable and forever applicable, while others can be extended beyond
just what is stated. The extensions of these Laws are also subject to criticism. Although interpretations are an option, the original idea of the Law must
not be lost in the process of thought. Philosophy also seems to be a privilege only given to the learned. Averroes divides the society into two classes:
the uneducated class and the demonstrative class. The demonstrative class is the group of philosophers who are allowed to interpret text because they
demonstrate their understanding of the God by using "the most perfect kind of reasoning"(165). He then further divides the Law into three different
grades. The first grade is text that can only be accepted by its apparent meaning. This means that the text is not open for study and must be taken point
blank, so to speak. All who interpret it the wrong way can be said to be unbelievers. The second grade is text that must be analyzed through its inner
meaning by the demonstrative class, but through its apparent meaning by

How Technology Has Changed Real Time Digital Operations
пЂ
Abstract– VLSI technology has been the cornerstone of every technological achievement in the past century, but as Gordon
Moore predicted it is nearing its saturation. A lot of other technologies have been researched upon to fulfill the needs of the fast paced world; one of the
potential replacements is Quantum
Dots Cellular Automata technology which uses Nano–sized particles to realize real time digital operations. The advantage of
QCA technology over its VLSI counterpart is a set of characteristics like drastic decrease in area consumed, less power consumption, reduced time
taken for execution and higher overall efficiency. In this paper we discuss one of the many fundamental blocks of the digital technology that is a simple
Serial register (SISO, SIPO). It finds its applications in every field be it medical where timer based equipment's are used to monitor health or any day
to day activity in which a memory unit is used.
Index Terms–Serial register, QCA technology,Quantum dot,
VLSI Technology.
I. INTRODUCTION
NE of the most promising nanotechnologies in the present day scenario in a pool of various technologies in the research phase is Quantum–Dot
Cellular Automata (QCA) which is able to replace the CMOS technology. As we see in the current scenario there is rapid scaling of CMOS technology
to accommodate millions, now probably billions of transistors in a specified area as efficiently as possible. As predicted by Gordon Moore, in the next
few years CMOS is set to hit a

Euthyphro, by Plato
In what is noted as one of Plato first accounts, we become acquainted with a very intriguing man known as Socrates; a man, whose ambition to seek
knowledge, inevitably leaves a significant impact on humanity. Most of all, it is methodologies of attaining this knowledge that makes him so
mesmerizing. This methodology is referred to as Socratic irony, in literature. In any case, I will introduce the argument thatPlato's Euthyphro is
extremely indicative of this type of methodology, for the reason being that: Socrates's portrays a sense of intellectual humility. I will begin by, imposing
the distinction between Socratic irony, and the one that is more familiar. As mentioned in the preceding section. The basic irony is simply... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
First he states that: "people regard the same things, some as just and others as unjust,–about these they dispute; and so there arise wars and fighting's
among them"(...) After, Euthyphro concurs to this statement Socrates then makes the suggestion that: "Then the same things are hated by the gods and
loved by the gods, and are both hateful and dear to them?"(...)Likewise, Euthyphro also concurs to this statement, which eventually leads to their
coherent agreement that in fact, pious and impious things can be the same thing. At this point, a switch of roles is observed, Euthyphro position is now
downgraded to student as oppose to is initial role as teacher. This reversal of positions illustrates the element of Socratic irony. If we recall, Socrates
initially gives the notion that he his ignorant on the issue; nonetheless, he ends up having the upper hand in the dialogue, by simply asking questions,
manipulating ideas and still allowing Euthyphro to recognize his ignorance. The fact that Euthyphro is constantly concurring and reasoning to majority
of Socrates's ideas validates the fact that the method is immensely effective. In addition, throughout the dialogue Socrates consistently makes reference
to the amount of knowledge Euthyphro holds; however, it is apparent that such praise is merely just a piece of his heap of tactics: "You, Meletus, as I
shall say to him, acknowledge Euthyphro to be a great theologian, and

Comp230-Intro to Scripting Essay
Week 1 Week 1– Quiz A 1.The name of the service that controls the queue of print jobs with the Window NET command is ______. SPOOLER
2.Which of the following Windows commands will shutdown and restart your computer in 2 minutes? Shutdown –r –t 120 3.Which Windows
shutdown command switch is sued to log off the current user of the local computer? –l 4.Which one of the following Windows AT commands specifies
an action that will take place at 3:00 p.m.? At 15:00 command 5.From the Start/Run dialog, the command used to open the 32–bit Windows command
prompt is ______. cmd 6.The Windows CLI command used to turn off the display of the current command in a batch file is ______. @command
Week1 – Quiz B 1.Which... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
ServiceName? DELETE 2.The netsh command that will set the IP Address of the interface name "NIC" to 192.168.100.10 255.255.255.0 with a
metric of 1 is _____. netsh interface ip set address "NIC" source=static 192.168.100.10 255.255.255.0 1 3.Which of the following Windows commands
will shutdown and power down the computer FileServer in 2 minutes? shutdown –s –m FileServer –t 120 4.Which one of the following Windows AT
commands specifies an action that will take place at 3:00 p.m.? at 15:00 command 5.The Windows CLI command that is used to display the search
path for the executable files is _____. path 6.The Windows CLI command used to turn off the display of the current command in a batch file is _____.
@command Week 1– Quiz G 1.Which one of the following Windows NET commands will allow other computers to access the C:Data directory
under the share name UserData? NET SHARE UserData=C:Data 2.The netsh command that will set the IP Address of the interface name "NIC" to a
DHCP supplied IP address is _____. netsh interface ip set address "NIC" source=dhcp 3.Which Windows shutdown command switch is used to log off
the current user of the local computer? –1 4.Which Windows shutdown command switch is used to shutdown and turn off a local or remote computer?
/s 5.From the Start/Run dialog, the command used to open the 32–bit Windows command prompt is _____. cmd 6.The Windows CLI command

The Pros And Cons Of Supportive Reasoning
supportive reasoning. Consider a unique scenario where 'fa', 'ga', 'hb, and 'Ib' subjects are the stock of belief and thereby the belief of 'a=b' aspect is
assumed, as soon as one accepts the identity he/she automatically owes a justification to his/her supportive reasoning in relation to the contextual basis,
the three variables are basically related and mutually interlinked. Frege does assume that, depending on the preposition expressed, the 'a=a' expression
is considered a priori while the second clause expression 'a=b' is a posteriori. The aspect behind this is that the formulation of the expression is often
considered by many as a petition principal to favor the perception that the sentences respectively express different propositions. It is possible to
formulate and state Frege's puzzle in a better way without necessarily committing on either positive or negative side of the question or context, besides
the formulation, the understanding of the puzzle doesn't necessarily involve two singular terms 'a' and 'b,' (Eros & Jerome 2). In addition, the identity
"a=b" can be contrasted into two uses to derive both informative and uninformative sentences, and the number of singular terms used doesn't matter.
Lastly, being distinctive in the relevant notations of the original Frege's puzzle is likewise important: cognitive value, from the typical puzzle, 'a=b is
informatively expressed contrary to 'a=a', cognitive content which is the part of information associated with the sentence subject, information content
which is what an individual learns and perceive the case by simply understanding and thereafter accepting, in other words, it is the state which approves
a sentence to be true and lastly semantic content which implies the entire meaning decoded from the sentence and the individual strictly respond to
what the sentences basically expresses.
Solution to Frege's puzzle Incorporation of a metalinguistic approach which is related to Milian view. This method is based on identity statements for
instance "Hesperus is Phosphorus" are utterances that are related to language rather than the identity per the see. Although the expressed statement
might lack knowledge aspect, the acquired knowledge could be

Saadia GaonвЂљГ„Гґs four roots of knowledge
Saadia Gaon's four roots of knowledge Saadia Gaon was born and raised in Egypt from 882–942 CE. He was known as one of the most outstanding
and inspiring leaders of the Jewry in his age. Saadia was a prolific author who made contributions in Hebrew philogoy, Jewish liturgy, and halakah. He
also provided commentary on the bible and translated it into Arabic. Saadia is most known for producing the first major medieval Jewish theological
treatise: the Book of Beliefs and Opinions (Seltzer 3).
In the Book of beliefs and opinions, Saadia Gaon presents the four roots of knowledge. Saadia believes in order for a man to fully obtain the
knowledge he seeks he must clearly understand all four roots of knowledge. These four roots of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Saadia believes dreams are erroneous and can lead to falsehood. What people do not know is that that dreams can be produced through thoughts of
yesterday which pass through the mind or by the preponderance of one of the humors in the temperament (Lewy 156). However, Saadia also explains
dreams as being inspirations. They can be hints and images from above that inspire you. I tend to differ with this assumption. I believe dreams are
usually very unrealistic. I think dreams show qualities that go far behind a human's capacity. Trying to live up to a dream can be extremely difficult
and result in one feeling badly about themselves.
The third root of knowledge Saadia explains is inferential knowledge, or roots of necessary knowledge. This root of knowledge allows us to make
decisions based on our senses without complete belief in the matter. For example, making an assumption that there is a fire because we see smoke.
Fire generates smoke, and one cannot exist without the other. Thus, we believe in things based on the co existing things that go along with it. Saadia
describes this root as "a proposition in which a man cannot deny without being compelled to deny at the same time some proposition obtained from
reason or sense perception" (Lewy 154). Where there is truth in the present proposition there is no way in denying the previous proposition. Another
example is our belief that a man posses a soul.

Boole's Argument
Aristotle (384–322) and George Boole (1815–1864) are both highly regarded logicians. Aristotle is undeniably the elevated of the two as he paved the
way for Boole's work when he created logic, although, this is not by any means to diminish Boole's work. He geniusly developed Boolean algebra.
While both logicians profoundly contributed to many areas, their standpoints on the set theory and consequently their interpretation of the square
opposition greatly differ. Before expounding upon how the Aristotle and Boole's views differ it is critical to first note what is called existential import.
Existential import is defined in the text as "an attribute of a categorical proposition by which it implies that one or more things denoted by the subject ...
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The first of these is illicit contrary which occurs from an "incorrect application of contrary" (Hurley 263). An example of this fallacy is, It is false
that all makeup artists are people that enhance beauty. Therefore, no makeup artists are people that enhance beauty. Illicit subcontrary is another
fallacy which occurs from an "incorrect application of subcontrary" (Hurley 263). For example, Some dogs are not cute. Therefore, some dogs are
cute. The third formal fallacy is titled illicit subalternation and it occurs from an "incorrect application of subalternation" (Hurley 263). For example,
Some french fries are not salted. Therefore, no french fries are salted. The existential fallacy may also occur when "contrary, subcontrary, or
subalternation are used on premises whose subject terms refer to nonexistent things" (Hurley 263). For example, All mermaids who swim near boats
are brave women. Therefore, some mermaids who swim near boats are brave

Electronic Computers And Their Components
Electronic computers and their components are very complicated pieces of hardware and would be impossible to completely explain every single
intricacy in one essay. Although complicated they can be explained but only one piece of hardware at a time so the best option to start would be
explaining the unit that has its hand in everything in a computer and that is known as the "Central Processing Unit" also known as "CPU." In a modern
computer are 6 main components that are required for a computer to work. These components are the Motherboard, Central Processing Unit (CPU),
Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), Random Access Memory (RAM), Hard Disk Drive (HDD) or Solid State Drive (SSD), and the Power Supply Unit
(PSU). The motherboard acts as a highway for every component to interact with each other. The CPU processes data and determines what to do
with it. Everything done on a computer will have to travel through the CPU at some point as the CPU acts as traffic control on the highway. The
GPU is in charge of processing everything visual or different mathematical assets such as Floating Point Operations and many more. Everything
you see on the screen was processed by the GPU. RAM is temporary memory to be used by the CPU when the computer is powered on. Open
programs any other software store its memory in the RAM while they are being used. RAM is used because it is much faster than using an HDD or
SSD. In some cases when the CPU and GPU are combined on the same silicon die they

The Contributions Of George Bole And Boolean Logic
Christian Bur
Angel Poling
MATH 129
September 26, 2017
George Boole and Boolean Logic
If you own a computer, tablet, or smartphone, you already use the contributions of George Boole to the worlds of technology and mathematics. Boole,
an Englishman, was an intellectual who was interested in many fields including poetry, languages, science, and metaphysics. However, it was his
interest in mathematics that drove him to pursue knowledge in many areas of the subject, and he went on to write numerous papers and volumes on a
variety of mathematic topics. Boole's determination to find a way use algebra to manipulate and solve logical problems led to his greatest contribution
to society, Boolean logic, and set the stage for explosion of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
On his website, Luke Mastin explains, "Boole began to see the possibilities for applying his algebra to the solution of logical
problems...determined to find a way to encode logical arguments into a language that could be manipulated and solved mathematically, he came up
with a type of linguistic algebra, now known as Boolean algebra" (Mastin). Boole devised a simplified system assigning symbols and connectives
(such as AND, OR, and NOT) to statements comparing sets of things or ideas. He used a binary system that processed two objects (i.e. "true" and
"false") that can be applied to any logic statement. This logic system was later used in computer programming (by assigning a 1 for "true" and a "0"
for false, for example) and in electrical circuitry (Mastin). Boole wrote and published many academic documents and papers including On a general
method of analysis, in 1843, and Mathematical Analysis of Logic in 1847. However, his most important work, and one that defines his legacy, was his
An investigation into the Laws of Thought, on Which are founded the Mathematical Theories of Logic and Probabilities, published in 1854, in which
he explained the ideas that would become Boolean algebra (O'Connor and Robertson). The concepts that Boole developed and illustrated in his
documents laid the foundation for computer programming and contributed to the explosion of technological advances that have happened since.
Boolean logic is the basis for almost anything that is

Using Skepticism to Acquire Knowledge
"A skeptic is one who is willing to question any knowledge claim, asking for clarity in definition, consistency in logic and adequacy of evidence."
In the context of Theory of Knowledge, the definition of logic is reasoning conducted according to strict principles of validity. The definition of a
knowledge claim is a statement that is assumed to be true. Adequacy is defined as the sufficiency for a particular purpose. Using this knowledge, it
is appropriate to say being a skeptic is a great approach to acquire knowledge. For example in the Area of Knowledge of the natural sciences being a
skeptic is a great characteristic. Another prime example is in the Area of Knowledge of history. In history, historians are always skeptical of others
knowledge claims. They always are refining history by using the same concepts as a skeptic would: asking for clarity in definition, consistency in logic
and adequacy of evidence. This process is a primary way that historians are able to acquire knowledge. However, acquired knowledge is useless
unless historians are able to comprehend and utilize this knowledge, most easily by using the way of knowing of language and reason. By using
language historians are able verify terms and concepts with each other in order to check the clarity of claims. With reason historians are able to check
the validity of other claims in order to verify the information. Based on the quote and references to theory of knowledge, I can conclude that being a
skeptic is

Essay about Reflections on the Analytic/Continental Divide
Reflections on the Analytic/Continental Divide
My friends in the English department often ask me to explain the difference I so often talk about between analytic and continental philosophy. For
some odd reason they want to relate our discipline with theirs in an effort, maybe, to understand both better. Thus, I welcome the opportunity offered by
Schuylkill's general theme this year to give a very general and un–rigorous presentation on Philosophy, intended for the University Community at large.
One fine, if annoying, tradition in philosophy is that of hedging our bets. It's the fine art of being slippery. And we actually think it's motivated by a
wish to be exacting. Accordingly, I should begin such a paper by saying that neither... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
But perhaps you don't know about Descartes, the founder of "modern philosophy," and the most armchair of the armchair philosophers. Doubting all
that can be possibly doubted, no matter how he tried he couldn't bring it about that he ceased to exist. He thought, and this established the idea of
himself as innate to himself. Of course John Locke wasn't having any of this. He announced that his mind was a tabula rasa (blank slate) endowed
instead with certain "capacities" and filled in like an empty cabinet by the world of sense.
Thus the rationalist/empiricist tradition was born. Through many torturous turns it persists into the analytic and continental divide. Indeed, it is still an
open question whether analytic philosophy has ever left this early beginning or whether it remains, as according to Joseph Margolis (Temple),
"Pre–Kantian" (Historied 57). Margolis argues that analytic philosophy, to the extent that it does not eschew "all cognitive privilege" and a "principled
disjunction between an independent actual world and the world we experience and claim to know," is Pre–Kantian, particularly most forms of
"externalism"––the view that all thought contents are individuated at least partly by "external" factors in the environment. In contrast, it is difficult to
find an example of what I would call "Continental" philosophy

Business
Case study
Submission details
|Candidate's Name | |Candidate ID | |
|Assessor's Name | |
|Assessment Site | |
|Assessment Date/s | |Date | |
The Assessment Task is due on the date specified by your assessor. Any variations to this arrangement must be approved in writing by your assessor.
Submit this document with any required ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Robert was going to hire 14 more administrative staff and 17 more delivery personnel to operate the various locations in Canberra, Melbourne and
Brisbane. He also decided to replace all computers within the business and purchase more computers due to the new locations.
There were so many computers brands on the market, and so many different styles and speeds of computers. All Robert knew was that he needed
desktops for the administrative staff, laptops for his sales staff and PDAs (personal digital assistant) for his delivery personnel. Robert did not
understand computers, but was going to research the desktop, laptop and PDA markets to determine his needs. Robert's organisational requirements
were:
20 brand new desktops 13 brand new laptops which were the lightest on the market. 50 PDAs with the latest GPS tracking. Purchase these items in the
one location – if possible – to ensure discounts.
He was going to conduct both online and non–electronic research. However, he did not know which websites would be best, or which places were
best to view computers and PDAs.
Questions

Question 1
How can Robert ensure that his research is valid and relevant to his requirements and make efficient use of available resources?
Question 2
When Robert

Investigation And Analysis Technique : Fault Tree Analysis
Investigation and Analysis Technique
The following report examines a three types of investigation techniques – Fault Tree Analysis, Event Tree Analysis and Failure Mode and Effect
Analysis. The methodology of the report is based on a research on the developmental history and procedural methodology of these three analytical
techniques.
This research paper will identify the strength and weaknesses of all three techniques and an opinion on which method is preferred. In the last section of
the report, I will examine an accident scenario and conduct an investigation using the Fault Tree Analysismethod.
Fault Tree Analysis (FTA)
There are multiple causes of an accident or a loss–making event. The Fault Tree Analysis is one of the many analytical techniques that is used for
tracing the series of events that could contribute to an accident (NEBOSH, 2010).
Who or What Company Developed The FTA and Why
The Fault Tree Analysis method was developed in 1962 at Bell Telephone Laboratories by H.A. Watson, under a U.S. Air Force Ballistics Systems
Division contract to evaluate the system safety and reliability of the launch control system for the Minuteman Intercontinental Ballistic Missile (ICBM)
(NIOSH, 2010).
It was later adopted and applied by the Boeing Company as a systematic safety analysis method to promote the safety of highly technical complex
systems and the nuclear industry to improve the safety and reliability of nuclear reactors (NIOSH, 2010).
What The FTA Is Used For

Definitions Of Vague Ideal And Vague Prime Ideal Of A О“...
Vague Prime Ideals of a О“–Semirings–II Y.Bhargavi Research Scholar, Department of Mathematics, K.L.University, Guntur, India.
yellabhargavi@gmail.com T.Eswarlal, Associate Professor, Department of Mathematics, K.L.University, Guntur, India. eswarlal@kluniversity.in
Abstract The concepts of vague ideal and vague prime ideal of a О“–semiring which is characterized by a truth–membership function and a false
membership function in a complete lattice satisfying inп¬Ѓnite meet distributive law (i.e., CompleteBrouwerianLattice)areintroduced.
Furtherallvagueprimeideals of a О“–semiring are determined by establishing a one–to–one correspondence between vague prime ideals of a
О“–semiring and the pair (I,О±), where I is aprimeidealofaО“–semiringand О± isaprimeelementinthecompletelattice.
Key Words: Complete lattice, Brouwerian lattice, vague set, vague ideal, vague prime ideal.
Mathematics Subject Classiп¬Ѓcation: 08A72, 20N25, 03E72.
1.Introduction In 1965, Zadeh.L.A[16] introduced the study of fuzzy sets. Mathematically a fuzzy set on a set X is a mapping Вµ into [0, 1] of
real numbers; for x in X, Вµ(x) is called the membership of x belonging to X. The membership function gives only an approximation for belonging
but it does not give any information of not belonging. To overcome this, Gau.W.L and Buehrer.D.J[7] introduced the concept of vague sets. A vague
set A of a set X is a pair of functions (tA,fA), where tA and fA are fuzzy sets on X satisfying tA(x)+fA(x)в‰¤1, в€
Ђ x в€€ X. A fuzzy set tA of X

History Of Computers During World War II
History of Computers
Introduction
In today's modern world, it's hard to imagine life without computers. Throughout the decades, computers have gotten better, faster, and smaller. It's hard
to imagine that before the 20th century almost all calculations were done by mechanical devices such as the electromechanical computers; or, the first
digital computers that had huge tubes around them that you had to designate a whole room just to fit the computer in. Today we have Internet, phone
book, pictures, videos, telephone, mail, and camera that is compacted into one tiny device that can fit in your pocket.
Electromechanical Computers
There was a big push for technological advancement during World War II in order to gain the upper hand in the war. The computers built during this
time period were mainly electromechanical. The calculations were performed by electrical switches that signaled the mechanical operation.
Konrad Zuse, German Computer Engineer, created Z2; one of the very first electromechanical relay computers. It used fixed point arithmetic with
16–bits2. This was an upgrade from the previous one he had made named the Z1. The Z1 had a 22 floating point bit, but was slower2. Therefore, Z2
was more desired because it could compile data quicker.
Around the same time, electromechanical devices called 'bombes' were created by the British in order to decipher the machines that the Germans had
built during World War II3. The US later

Euthyphro-Plato: What is Holiness? Essay
Euthyphro – Plato Holiness is a central theme in the Socratic dialogue with Euthyphro. Socrates has taken up the ironic role of a student in the narrative
as he attempts to gain knowledge of what holiness entails, from Euthyphro. Socrates meets with Euthyphro as they meet at a court in Athens. He seeks
to gain knowledge on holiness, such that, he can use the insights in his trial against Meletus. Earlier, Meletus had charged him for impiety in a court.
This justifies the importance that has been placed on the idea. In the ensuing dialogue, Euthyphro serves different definitions of holiness to Socrates.
However, each of these is questioned, casting ambiguity over his supposed knowledge. In his first attempt, Euthyphro defines holiness as ... Show more
& Jowett, 2013). Socrates refutes this definition since he views that the gods do not need to be assisted by mortals. In his final attempt, Euthyphro
defines holiness as an exchange between the gods and human beings. The gods receive sacrifices from us, while we they grant our prayers in
exchange. In response, Socrates posits that this perspective implies correlates to the prior argument on the gods' approval. He states that if holiness is
gratifying to the gods, it is ambiguous as seen in the argument concerning what the gods approve, and the influences behind them (Plato. & Gallop,
1997). From the dialogue, it is my understanding that Socrates posits that there is no universal understanding of holiness. In that respect, holiness may
be understood once our elaborate and true beliefs or arguments have been defined and proven through logic. This is seen from the inconclusiveness that
characterises the end of the dialogue. This instance implies that the dialogue has failed at defining holiness. The irony in Socrates arguments'
highlights that; ideas have to be proven before acceptance. This holds irrespective of who posits them. In my view, holiness refers to the state of
being good to all. It involves practicing the universal ideas of good, such as, kindness and respect. Socrates would respond by questioning what the
universal ideas of good are. In that respect, he would probably argue that different societies have different perceptions of good. For example,

Heidegger And The Logic Of Categorical Syllogisms
Heidegger and the Logic of Categorical Syllogisms
According to traditional syllogistic logic, which has its roots in Aristotle, there are four types of propositions: the A proposition ("All S are P"), the E
proposition ("No S are P"), the I proposition ("Some S are P"), and the O proposition ("Some S are not P"). These propositional types represent all of
the possible combinations of the dichotomies of affirmative/negative and universal/particular. Each makes a claim that a certain essent (the particular I
and O propositions) or an entire class of essents (the universal A and E propositions), the subject or subject–class, relates in some way (belongs or does
not belong) to a class of essents designated by the predicate of the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For Heidegger, the meaning of a word can never be completely divorced from its etymology; Steiner, in his work on Heidegger, quotes and then
translates Heidegger, saying, "`Das Wort "Philosophie" spricht jetzt griechisch.' This means, literally, that the word itself, if we hear it rightly, speaks
Greek." (Steiner 22) Steiner later summarizes Heidegger's attempt to find an explanation for Being [Sein] by tracing the etymological roots of the
German word. Heidegger, according to Steiner, finds three roots for different forms of the German verb Sein. The German ist comes from the
Indo–European es, and is translated by Heidegger as "life itself" and "the integral." The German bin and bist derive from the Indo–European bheu,
which is translated by Heidegger as "that which declares itself as a phenomenon." Finally, the German Wesen is derived from the Sanskrit vasami,
which is translated roughly as "to belong to and in." (Steiner 46)
Does this etymological study bear any relationship to formal logic, or have we wandered far afield? As it turns out, this examination has important
bearings on the theory and evaluation of categorical syllogisms. Various forms of the English verb "to be" have differing etymologies, as well. The
English "is" has the same etymological root as the German ist, which means that it also (at least for Heidegger) carries the meanings of "life itself" and
"the integral." The

George Boole Research Paper
George Boole was an English mathematician and the founder of an algebraic tradition. George Boole worked as a schoolmaster and from the year,
1849 to 1864, he was a professor of mathematics at Queen's University in Cork Ireland. He was a math genius and also a fine humanitarian. George
Boole was born in 1815 in Lincoln. George did not receive much formal education yet he went on to become one of the greatest mathematicians and
educators of the 19th century Forced to become the primary breadwinner of his family at the age of 16. George's passion was being dedicated in the
field of science and technology. He loved participating in Lincoln Mechanics Institution a community social club promoting discussions as well as
lectures

Explain What Is Meant By The Term Conditionally Executed
Short Answer 1. Explain what is meant by the term "conditionally executed". Conditionally executed is called a single alternative decision structure
because it provides only one alternative path of execution. The action is conditionally executed because it is performed only when a certain condition
is true. 2. You need to test a condition and then execute one set of statements if the condition is true. If the condition is false, you need to execute a
different set of statements. What structure will you use? I will use the "If" statement because it is a dual alternative decision structure. 3. If you need to
a test the value of a variable and use that value to determine which statement or set of statements to execute, which... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
If x > 100 y = 20 z = 40 End If2. Design an If–Then statement (or a flowchart with a single alternative decision structure) that assigns 0 to the
variable b and assigns 1 to the variable c if the variable is a less than 10. If a < 10 Then b = 0 c = 1 End If 3. Design an If–Then–Else statement (or a
flowchart with a dual alternative decision structure) that assigns 0 to the variable b if the variable a is less than 10. Otherwise, it should assign 99 to
the variable b. If a < 10 b = 0 Else If b = 99 End If 4. The following pseudo code contains several nested If–Then–Else statements. Unfortunately, it
was written without proper alignment and indentation. Rewrite the code and use the proper conventions of alignment and indentation. If score < 60
Then Display "Your grade is F." Else If score < 70 Then Display "Your grade is D." Else If score < 80 Then Display "Your grade is C." Else If
score < 90 Then Display "Your grade is B." Else Display 'Your grade is A." End If End If End If End If 5. Design nested decision structures that
perform the following: If

Statement Of Purpose In Electronics And Communication...
Statement of purpose
"Electronics gadgets and communication systems of present age have tremendously improved the quality of life. With the tempo of events throughout
the world, it has become essential to have more efficient communication network with the latest electronic devices and circuits." The strikingly first
sentence i read while going through a brochure after passing out from my secondary education and this curiosity pushed me to explore further with on
the internet to obtain an information about the field.
I took an admission for diploma in Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, A gained knowledge in the diploma prior to my bachelors degree
has helped me to explore the field more rigorously throughout my bachelor curriculum. I have completed my undergraduate Bachelor's degree in
Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering from Mumbai university in June 2012.
When I was a kid I always wonder how do microwave oven works how can we pick up a well cooked cake within a few seconds ?? How does ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I wondered how can a simple logic of sensors can be implemented for the effective functioning of trains. Here i started exploring the world of
electronics by comprehending every other aspect of the concepts developing the ability to use it in a different way so as to accomplish a traditional
work in more simplified and efficient manner. Diploma in Electronics and Communication engineering has cleared my fundamentals of electronic
devices (micro–controller, microprocessor), electrical circuits with basic components like resistors, conductors, capacitors, ICs, encoders, decoders
consequently given a chance to integrate this components in circuit using bread boards as well as PCB designing. I learned these concepts practically
in the labs after the analysis of the theoretical

Advantages Of Fuzzy Logic System
From the above model we can make an overall idea about fuzzy logic system.Crisp input is dump into the' Fuzzifier'..All those input should be defined
as "set of input with different fuzzy ideas or beliefs".All the input sets will be sent to Inference Engine which is connected with different fuzzy rules
which are nothing but some if–else statement.These if–else statement are used to define different situations or conditions.So it is very obvious that we
can impose different condition to the fuzzy input sets.The main objective inference engine is matching the input data with different if else statement
and produce the fuzzy output.Next,all the sets of fuzzy output will be sent to the Defuzzifier for the optimization of the given output sets... Show more
This is a small scenario that is described which is based on sales amount. If the company wants to impose any other condition,they can easily do that by
using ths fuzzy xquery technique.so it is easy to understand that by using fuzzy membership function we are getting more efficient output than the
output which was genetred by the simple query method.Fuzzy crisp input is taking the values on the basis of given membership function and produce
the optimized output by calculating them within the aspiration level.This aspiration level is playing a very vital role because all the three fuzzy
funcaion are balanced by these aspiration

Basic Logic And Circuit Simplification
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
PRAIRIE VIEW A&M UNIVERSITY
ELEG–3021–P01 Logic Circuits Lab
LAB 2–Basic Logic Gates and Circuit Simplification
Fall 2016
Lab Report # 2
Submitted by
Abdullah Safdar
On
SEP 20th, 2016
To
Dr. Foreman
Course Name: Logic Circuits Laboratory
Course #: ELEG 3021–P01
Student Name: Abdullah Safdar
Name : Abdullah Safdar
Lab #: 2
Points:

Title page5
Objective5
Introduction/Theory20
Equipment5
Procedure20
Circuit diagrams10
Questions, Data and Results30
Conclusion and References5
Total:100 points
Date of Submission: 20/09/2016
Date of Performance:06/09/2016
LAB 2–Basic Logic Gates and Circuit Simplification
OBJECTIVES:
The objective of this lab is to become familiar with digital design in order to derive Boolean expressions that represent logic circuits and then
simplifying these expressions using the rules of Boolean Algebra. We will also verify the equivalency of the original and simplified Boolean expressions
by implementing the logic circuits represented by each expression. Using Multisim, we will simulate the logic circuits and create their truth tables for
further Circuit Analysis.
EQUIPMENT:
Logic Circuit Trainer Kit
Multisim 14.0
Introduction:
In Today's era mostly all electronic devices use Binary Digital Logic Circuits. These circuits consist of two possible outputs, mostly used terms are
"TRUE/FALSE", or "ONE/ZERO." Such an output is called a Binary Digit, or a bit. The

Embryonic Research
Many women are eager to become a mother, but infertility prevents some women from satisfying this need. However, modern biotechnologies
combined with changed norms of culture now provide them reproductive choices such as in vitro fertilization. In order to develop these reproductive
choices, we need to research on living human embryo. Because its procedures terminate the life of embryo, embryonic research stirs up public
attention on its morality. Society questions if these methods are morally right. Do they violate the meaning of personhood and life? Do we kill a
human when we research the embryos? These questions are asking our foundation of morality. We must be cautious and avoid any logical fallacies
when we answer them. Using ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In this essay, Gorovitz points out several logical fallacies in embryonic research opponent essays, including Kass'. For instance, one of his
arguments is that opposing essays usually use slippery slope arguments, stating that starting of artificial insemination would lead us to social
disaster (117). He argues that the slippery slope arguments are not valid in this discussion because they never provide any rational evidences why
we cannot stop after we start down this path. Gorovitz claims that "Collectively we have significant capacity to exercise judgment and control" (118)
so the practice of artificial insemination will not lead us to the disaster. There are few more ill logics in Kass' and other opposing essays that
Gorovitz has pointed out. Ironically, however, logical fallacies he uses to attack his opponents also appear in his essay too.
Another Gorovitz's important argument is the argument against Kass' statement, "The human embryo is not mere meat; it is not just stuff; it is not a
'thing'" (Kass 102). Gorovitz argues that according to Kass' statement, human cadavers which are also not mere meat, not just stuff, not the thing,
should be protected from being used for research purpose too. But since it is acceptable to use human cadavers in research, in medical education, and
in organs transplant, Gorovitz claims that these using of cadavers justify using of embryos as well. In this comparison,

Describe The Sudoku Puzzle
Most people must heard about or used to seen the Sudoku puzzle in newspaper, which is a world famous game that need player to fill in the number
one to nine in a 9Г—9 grid. However, there might be not much people know that the Sudoku puzzle was developed Latin square is an nГ—n grid
contain the set of number {1,2,3...,n}. Every number occurs only once in each row and each column. We called the n as order of the Latin Square.
Some people might think solving this kind of puzzles did not require mathematical knowledge and thinking. However the statement was wrong. Solving
a Latin square or Sudoku relied on the mathematical logical thinking. Although it is different from solving algebra, geometry or other math questions
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There must be at least one number in each entry and that each number appears at most once in each row and column. These are my conditions that
need to be satisfied. At least a number appears in each cell: в€§_(a=1)^4 в€§_(b=1)^4 в€Ё_(c=1)^4 L_abc Each number appears at most once in each
row: в€§_(a=1)^3 в€§_(b=1)^4 в€§_(c=1)^4 в€§_(i=x+1)^4 (В¬L_abcв€Ёг
Ђ–В¬LгЂ—_ibc) Each number appears at most once in each column:
в€§_(a=1)^4 в€§_(b=1)^3 в€§_(c=1)^4 в€§_(i=y+1)^4 (В¬L_abcв€Ёг
Ђ–В¬LгЂ—_aic) This is not the end. We need to show that there is exactly one
number in each entry and that each number appears exactly once in each row and column. We will show this by the inverse of the previous encoding.
At most one number appears in each cell: в€§_(a=1)^4 в€§_(b=1)^4 в€§_(c=1)^3 (В¬L_abcв€Ёг
Ђ–В¬LгЂ—_abi) Each number appears at least once
in each row: в€Ё_(a=1)^3 в€§_(b=1)^4 в€§_(c=1)^4 L_abc Each number appears at least once in each column: в€§_(a=1)^4 в€Ё_(b=1)^3
в€§_(c=1)^4 L_abc After we encoding the Latin square, we can apply those SAT inference techniques to the CNF formulas that we just get form the
previous steps. This was also had been known as a way to simplify the formulas, since the additional information that we get from the CNF formulas
will eventually reduce the quantity of variables and clauses in a

Relationship Between Mathematics And Logic With Boolean Logic

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Relationship Between Mathematics And Logic With Boolean Logic