ILO In Canada

ILO In Canada
Future Prospects for Work in Canada The use of historic studies can help to identify the direction of
the economy by examining inequality, insecurity and the health implications associated with these
phenomena. For organizations to remain relevant in a post–industrial society, it is necessary to
evaluate the efficiency of current organizational management methods. The globalization of work is
one of the main contributing factors for change in the modern Canadian economy (Spilerman,
2009). Protection of the environment often comes at the expense of creating jobs, which merits a
conversation on the implications of work and the environment. The impact of unions on the labour
market are then examined. It is argued that future prospects for work ... Show more content on
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The globalization of work in new labour markets has increasingly pressurized the existing labour
markets in Canada due to the incentives of inexpensive labour and lenient labour laws abroad. The
expansion of labour markets and desire for economic interdependence in these impoverished regions
has led to widespread inequality meanwhile Canadian workers suffers from lack of prospects for
work. Third world workers in new labour markets generally lack the motivation and support to
combat the improvised conditions, which allows multinational companies to prey on their desire for
economic support. The conditions may persist until workers fight to improve their quality of life.
Conversely, the wage of employing workers from powerful nations, such as Canada, is significantly
higher and comes at an increased expense when considering the costs of health benefits, employer
contributions to pensions, and government taxes. Globalization is affecting work in Canada by
relocating manufacturing jobs to facilities abroad. The manufacturing sector has been impacted
negatively and is now a sunset industry because of factory closures (Maclarkey, 1995). When
considering the tough working conditions and inequality subjected to workers in new markets, and
the insecurity present in the Canadian labour market, there is little benefit for
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Business Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility Essay...
Business ethics and corporate social responsibility have become an increasing area of focus for
organizations today. However, this has not always been the case in the American business
environment. Chapter three "Conducting Business Ethically and Responsibly" (R.W. Griffin & R.J.
Ebert, p.56 – p.87) concentrates on the development of ethical codes of conduct as it relates to
business. The chapter also focuses on the social responsibility an organization holds in relation to
everyday decision making. Ethics and social responsibility go hand in hand. Ethics affects
individuals or groups within the workplace, whereas "social responsibility refers to the overall route
in which a company decides to balance its involvement with employees, stake ... Show more content
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It has been working world wide to "promote rights at work, encourage decent employment
opportunities, enhance social protection and strengthen dialogue in handling work–related issues"
(ILO, 2008). In an attempt to comply with ILO standards, companies like GE are now joining
organizations like the Business Leaders Initiative on Humans Rights (BLIHR) who's goal is to
create "practical ways of applying the aspirations of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights
within a business context and to inspire other businesses to do likewise"(BLIHR, 2008). Since
American Civil War, business practices, attitudes and norms have evolved over time for the most
part. The evolution has progressed from obstructionist, to defensive, to accommodative to the now
increasingly accepted proactive stance. This change in approach to social responsibility is directly
related to the change in American/World values and culture. Over this same period of time
institutions like slavery, colonialism, segregation, sexism, child labor and other questionable and /or
abusive business practices have fallen by the wayside. As civilization has positively evolved, so
have ethical standards and attitudes toward social responsibility. The way in which businesses
function does in fact depend on what the Socio–Economic Environment in which it exists would

The Need for International Labor Standards Essay
The Need for International Labor Standards
"The statesman, who should attempt to direct private people in what manner they ought to employ
their capitals, would not only load himself with a most unnecessary attention, but assume an
authority which could safely be trusted, not only to no single person, but to no single council or
senate whatever, and which would nowhere be so dangerous as in the hands of a man who had folly
and presumption enough to fancy himself fit to exercise it" (Smith, 1776: 456)
Introduction
There is no question that the combination of the free market and rapidly advancing technologies has
integrated the world economy to a level unsurpassed in history. In the quote that begins this chapter,
Adam Smith ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A Brief History of Labor Standards
In order to provide a clearer understanding of the need for labor standards in the international trade
regime it is prudent to examine the historical background of the issue. The first legal link made
between trade and labor standards in the United States manifested itself in the form of legislation
designed to reduce the threat of foreign goods being dumped into U.S. markets. The first laws were
implemented to this end in 1890, when the McKinley Tariff Act banned the import of goods made
with prison labor (International Labor Rights Fund). However, concern for labor rights was merely a
convenient byproduct of this legislation. In 1930 Congress took another step by passing into law the
U.S. Tariff Act of 1930, which banned the import of goods made with forced or indentured labor.
The postwar era brought about a more multinational approach to dealing with trade issues, most
notably in the establishment of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) in 1948.
Although there were high hopes that international labor standards could be established, the GATT
made only vague references to the issue, and no concrete and enforceable standards were
established. Thus, there was no provision for member states to take action against other members
who

Process Improvement In Health Care Essay
3.1.2 HQRS 841: Process Improvement in Health Care This course introduce students to the
concepts and applications of the process improvement (ILO 11) in the healthcare. The HQRS 841 is
deliver extensively online with no face to face component. The basic goal of the course is to enable
students to apply the concepts of the process improvement in the healthcare (ILO 11, ILO 14). They
should learn how to use proper measuring tool for the process improvement and apply the
improvement in the system (ILO 12, ILO 13). Special emphasis is given on the group work (CLO
16) and the students have to work in a group for various projects throughout the course. Ten percent
(10%) marks are for the peer evaluation and review, which enhances the group learning ... Show
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The course help the students in understanding the concepts of the qualitative and quantitative
research. The participant believes that the content of the course are present in most of the graduate
programs in different ways. The academicians and the researcher read the journals and the articles to
enhance the work they are doing. So, as the leaders in the quality, risk and safety needs these skills
to update the healthcare system, which is safer for the patients. This course guide the students step
wise so that the students can plan, design and systematically assess the collected data. This course
have separately designed an activity for each ILO and the activity is assessed. The course
accommodates the need of the students without modifying its

The International Labour Organisation ( Ilo )
Responsible sourcing is a universal method to the sustainable evaluation of materials. This is an
environmental, economical and social way of obtaining construction supplies such as concrete.
Responsible sourcing is a progressively imperative factor for specifiers and clients in the
construction commerce. The idea first industrialized in fair trade of food products and fair
employment conditions for production of consumer goods. The International Labour Organisation
(ILO) was founded in 1919 to be accountable for drawing up and supervising international labour
standards. Responsible sourcing adds to this by involving other environmental, social and economic
characteristics of sustainability. The UK government spearheads in this aspect of ... Show more
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There is an agenda for the organisational authority and supply chain management and this must be
adopted clearly by all companies.
It can be assumed that responsible sourcing can be a very crucial factor that contributes towards
construction and civil engineering as concrete is used in almost all projects. This is why it is
paramount to produce this concrete from trusted sources. Hence "89% of all concrete in 2012 was
certified to BES 6001 and of the production tonnage certified, 99% has achieved Very Good or
Excellent performance rating." As sustainability is a key world issue now, it is important to keep in
mind where companies produce their resources. If concrete was not responsibly sourced then a lot of
unwanted issues could arise. For example it could lead to the concrete not being of the same quality
as a responsibly sourced one. Also it may increase the carbon footprint and cause global warming if
responsibly sourcing was avoided to keep costs low. Although the short–term effects of using cheap
concrete is good the long–term effects of responsibly sourced concrete outweighs this. In their
analysis Georgopoulos and Minson (2014, p. 129) say, "The UK concrete industry is supporting the
BES 6001 as it is the most comprehensive standard available and measures the whole infrastructure
of the supply chain". It is not easy for companies to be certified by this and they have to meet
certain requirements, which includes having a

Philosophy Syllabus
Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
Gov. Pablo Borbon Main Campus I
Batangas City
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, ARCHITECTURE AND FINE ARTS
GENERAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
Second Semester, AY 2015–2016
COURSE SYLLABUS
HUM 102
INTRODUCTION TO PHILOSOPHY
3 Units
Prerequisite: None
UNIVERSITY VISION
A University which shapes a global Filipino imbued with moral courage nurtured through values
and excellent education.
UNIVERSITY MISSION
Batangas State University commits to develop productive citizens by providing the highest standard
of instruction, research, extension service and production through value–laden learning experiences,
community partnership and internationalization initiatives.
Course Title: Introduction to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
| | √ | | | 4.3. Relate the different schools of thoughts of Theism, Ontological Arguments and
Cosmological Arguments with different real–life situations. | | | √ | | 4.4. Evaluate the norms and
standards set by the society. | | | | √ | 5. THEORIES OF ETHICS | | | | | 5.1. Define Hedonism,
Stoicism and Epicureanism. | √ | | | | 5.2. Distinguish and discuss Hedonism, Stoicism and
Epicureanism | | √ | | | 5.3. Relate the different schools of thoughts of Hedonism, Stoicism and

Epicureanism with different real–life situations | | | √ | | 5.4. Evaluate the norms and standards set by
the society. | | | | √ |
6.0 TEACHING, LEARNING AND ASSESSMENT STRATEGIES
Being a multidisciplinary subject, Philosophy is taught dynamically. Different teaching strategies
are utilized like discussion, brainstorming, exposition, group treatise, Socratic Method of debate and
traditional lecture.
7.0 COURSE REQUIREMENTS
This course requires students to actively participate in the classroom discourses to be able to
measure their critical thinking, analysis and synthesis. Students should pass the quizzes which will
be administered regularly after each topic is discussed. They will also be asked to create essay
writings on the principles tackled in class.
The four major assessments in this course are preliminary, midterm, semi–final and final
examinations. The students should get 75

'Manila amendments' to the STCW Convention – as an IMO...
Fatigue is still considered as a significant contributory factor to many incidents in the shipping
industry despite of legislation concerning seafarers' hours of work and rest that has been in force for
many years; overall enforcement measures have generally been ineffective. (OCIMF, 2012). IMO
describes fatigue as a "State of feeling tired, weary, or sleepy that results from prolonged mental or
physical work, exposure to harsh environment, or loss of sleep which can lead to the impairment of
performance and to the reduction of alertness" (IMO, 2001). To provide a legal framework and
address the problem of fatigue on the high level number of conventions have been adopted during
last 30 years by IMO and ILO. In 1984 requirements ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Moreover, in a real life it creates problems with proper understanding of approach for calculation of
rest and work hours, analysis of the workload and real fatigue caused by the job. And last but not
least, existing form of record keeping of hours of work and rest creates a lot of paper work for the
crew and Ship managers and take of their times that could be spend for more important issues. In
the meantime, the fatigue prevention policy cannot be ideal since measurement of fatigue is
extremely difficult due to the large variability of causes. In accordance with Guidance on Fatigue
Mitigation and Management there are many ways to categorize the causes of fatigue. To ensure
thoroughness and to provide good coverage of most causes, they have been categorized into 4
general factors: Crew–specific Factors; Management Factors (ashore and aboard ship); Ship–
specific Factors; Environmental Factors. Even if all of these factors can be considered with the same
weighting coefficient in determination of level of fatigue, the most important factors will be still
related to the crew specific factors such as Sleep and Rest, Quality, Quantity and Duration of Sleep,
Sleep Disorders/Disturbances, Rest Breaks, Biological Clock/Circadian Rhythms, Psychological

Every Worker Hast the Right to Work Safely and to Come...
In this modern era, world is globally marching towards the advancement, expansion, urbanization
and industrialization. The flowering of the entire world relishes upon the worker and their
imperative and influential contribution. More than half of the entire world population serves as a
worker/employee for the enhancement and evolution but the safe platform to deliver their effort is
still ambiguous, uncertain and of concern with a worker dying every 15 seconds and more than 10
workers getting injured every second as a result of their workplace hazard (ILO, 2014). This number
worsens when analyzed in the developing countries as only 15% of entire worlds worker is covered
with occupational health services. Currently, about 2.2 million worker ... Show more content on
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According to this sanction, WHO works along with government and member state and aim for the
different policies implementation on workers health, identify risk and hazards and protects workers
and their health, easy accessibility of worker to health services, health surveillances and hazard
identification and integrate workers health into others sectors policies. Although plentiful law and
policies have been planned and implemented the life of million of workers are still at stake as more
than a billion workers works aside from health and safety services radar and with most of the
worker in the informal employment and informal sectors, solitarily to fulfill their basic needs. There
are no any safe employment sectors but some are exceptionally precarious like agriculture,
consisting of over a billion(FAO, 2010) or half of entire workforce and killing over 170,000
worldwide and is in increasing trend (ILO, 2000). Workers are continually injured by machinery or
poisoned by pesticides use (Calvert et al., 2008) and agriculture being major source of occupation in
many developing countries and due to underreporting or informal employee the exact number is still
unclear but is in very high level than reported and hence proving to be the most dangerous job(Hard
et al., 1999). Other sectors like mining, construction, transport, manufacturing

Child Labour In Colombia Essay
The child labour is a serious widespread social problem for the rural and urban Colombia. There are
many reasons why the children in this country are submitted to work either by their own or an
obligation.
Until some years ago, in the rural zone the families were numerous specially to ensure a cheaper
workforce showing a well–known growth of the population in these zones instead of the urban ones
where one didn't see this problem and increasing the incident of poverty. So, the principal reason of
child labour in Colombia is that the children meet forced to help economically their families
according to an investigation of the Dane.
Accessing to education is a challenge for many Colombian children, especially indigenous and
Afro–Colombian because is hindered by internal armed conflict, impassible routes and long
distances between the children's homes and the school in rural areas.
Domestic work is an issue that Colombia began to address relatively in 2014, in consultation with
the ILO. More work is needed to change the cultural belief that domestic work doesn´t constitute
child labor, a belief that particularly disadvantages girls, who are the majority of those who labor in
the privacy of the home where child labor is more difficult to detect. Household chores are classified
among the worst forms of child labor (servitude, domestic work), and accidents in the home are the
fourth most common cause of death and injury in Colombia.
This issue affects in diverse ways around the

Causes And Conpects Of Child Labour In The Caribbean
Child labour in the Caribbean
Children have an important place in our society. Investing financial resources is crucial for ensuring
children can reach their potential.
Childhood is a unique stage in our development. The quality of food, water, affection and education
that children receive can impact on their subsequent lives and their potential to become engaged and
productive citizens. This time presents a unique opportunity for governments and organisations to
'level the playing field' for children from poorer backgrounds through investments.
Many businesses across the Caribbean recognise this and create opportunities to benefit millions of
children across the region. Most recently, The Sandals Foundation, the non–profit arm of Sandals
Resorts International, announced a new collaboration with School Specialty, Inc. for the Pack for a
Purpose program. This partnership will further assist travellers to Sandals Resorts and Beaches
Resorts, who wish to bring along much–needed supplies for local schools across the Caribbean
supported by the company. The partnership comes at a crucial time following the effects Hurricane
Matthew which has caused many problems regionally.
Unfortunately, childhood can be robbed from children when they become involved in child labour.
Child labour is work that deprives children of their childhood, their potential and their dignity and
that is is harmful to their development.
The ILO has defined child labour as a form of abuse and

A Format Used By The Ilo
Title Page Tim Howell Rm 300 Class project November 2014 Introduction 1–2 pages I followed a
format used by the ILO, I leaned heavily on them for resources. Income trends have varied from
state to state, but a pattern is apparent: the rapid growth of the top 1% Between 1979 and 2007, the
top 1 percent took home well over half (53.9 percent) of the total increase in U.S. income. Over this
period, the average income of the bottom 99 percent of U.S. taxpayers grew by 18.9 percent.
Simultaneously, the average income of the top 1 percent grew over 10 times as much–by 200.5
percent Create more understanding so issue can be resolved Increases in income and earnings
inequality over the past 25 years are well documented. Yet the deeper significance ... Show more
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The literature reviews will provide an entry into the relevant literature that will serve dual purposes.
First, they will ensure that the projects develop with a comprehensive understanding of what has
previously been done. Second, they will provide a low–cost way for scholars on the other projects to
gain necessary background to contribute to the intellectual development of work that might be
outside their central area of expertise. The goal of these reviews will be to highlight the research
projects that are feasible and that seem likely to have the most significant intellectual payoff.
Research hypothesis .5–1 Meltzer–Richard hypothesis Q: What is the income inequality–health
hypothesis? A: We all know that being rich or poor affects your health as an individual: we know the
rich do better. The income–inequality hypothesis says that it 's the size of the gap between the rich
or poor that makes a difference, regardless of any one person being rich or poor. Think of it as the
gap between a ceiling and a floor. Maybe in country A there 's seven feet between the ceiling and the
floor; in country B, the floor is at the same level but the ceiling is higher. The income inequality
hypothesis says that country B will have poorer health

Forced Labour In Australia
In 2014, the Australian Government joined the international community in supporting the adoption
of a new International Labour Organization (ILO) Protocol seeking to eliminate forced labour. The
Australian Government acknowledges that even though Australia has strong legal protections to
prevent and prosecute forced labour on our shores, it continues to be a significant problem for many
countries, including in our region.
Despite efforts to reduce and prevent forced labour over many years, the ILO has estimated that at
least 20.9 million people still experience forced labour each year, with over half
(11.7 million) of these people coming from the Asia–Pacific region. Fifty–five percent of victims
are women and girls, and one quarter of victims are under the age of 18. ... Show more content on
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29) which Australia ratified in 1932. The new Protocol encourages practical measures aimed at
preventing forced labour, as well as measures to protect and assist victims of forced labour.
Australia chaired the Committee on Forced Labour at the ILO's International Labour
Conference, and the Australian delegation were active and influential participants in the drafting
process. The ILO is the only tripartite United Nations agency with

Labour Laws Importance
INTRODUCTION 'A nation may do without its millionaires and without its capitalists, but a nation
can never do without its labour'............. ..... MAHATMA GANDHI
Importance of the labourers in our country. The labour force or the workmen constitute an important
segment of the society and play a vital role in the development and progress of the Country. Due to
the fast pace of industrialisation there is a need to regulate and control the relation between the
employer and employees. This has led to the evolution and development of labour laws all over the
world. After the Independence the government of India has enacted numerous legislations for the
regulation of labour relations and their welfare. An understanding of Labour Laws is very essential
for law students because of the fact that the scope and ambit of these is very wide and is touching
the lives of millions of people in the country.
Labour is very important part of our life without labour work we can't imagine our day , because in
our day to day we are covered with labour forse .
As we aware about fast development of our state and due to modernanization in industries and use
of new machine and technogies need or value of labour class people goes down.becouse machine
fulfill the demands quickly and effectively apart from labours.
But still, labour is important part of

Call to Improve Living and Working Conditions Before World...
The call for improved working and living conditions, and equal labor standards began before the
outbreak of the World War I. This lead to the formation of the International Labor Organization
(ILO) in 1919 by the Treaty Versailles, with the main objective of promoting peace and social
justice in the labor industry. However over the past 90 years, the ILO has adopted more than 188
conventions on topics such as collective bargaining, freedom of association, gender discrimination,
forced labor, child labor, social security, occupational health and safety, and working time (Ebrary,
2004).
According to the founders, social justice was considered to be a crucial ingredient for the lasting
peace following the realization several injustices and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They assert that labor standards that embody basic human rights can stimulate economic
development and are therefore in the interest of all workers in the world. Nonetheless, in 1998, ILO
made a declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work as well as their Follow–up
through commitment of its members to respect the principles. These principles include freedom of
association and collective bargaining, elimination of child labor and discrimination linked to
employment and occupation, and elimination of forced labor (Stephen, 1997).
For example, in 1999, the International Labor Organization declared the different forms of child
labor and outlined the actions for eliminating them. Also, it declared that fundamental principles
pertaining to an individual's rights at work like promotion through promotional activities, technical
cooperation, and research. Basically, these aspects were often considered to be essential as far as
fundamental principles and right at work were concerned, and member states were expected to
adopt them as part of their organizational requirements (International Labor Organization 2013). In
2000, the organization started evaluating or assessing whether member states were implementing
various aspects of the Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work, in accordance with the set
There are eight aspects outlined by ILO that seem to enhance the realization of the international
labor standards. These aspects are: regulation of hours

International Business Essay
How does international business achieve its internationalization objectives in the contemporary
context?
Introduction
In today's prosperous modern society, Multinational Corporation and international organisation
becomes a common key factor in increasing economic and social interconnection. Globalization
grows mobility of goods and services, and expands business in all dimensions. To enterprise an
international business is indeed a complex level of soaring towards the international trade. In order
to up keep the business standards and objective, Silkenat, Aresty & klosek (2009) believes that
trust is a fundamental matter in business trade. It gives reliability and a continuation business
relationship.
Veghefi, Paulson & ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Therefore, with the partnership of ILO which is a specialize agency under United Nations and IFC
under World Bank Group the programme brings a strong credibility and exposure (Better Work
2012).
Another value added program with ILO is Green Jobs, it was established 2007. The nation saw the
unpredictable change in climate and want to promote awareness to create decent jobs in favour to
the environmental policies and challenges affecting climate changes (ILO 2012).
Green jobs held social dialogue conference with ministers providing them knowledge how green
jobs like reducing consumption of energy, raw materials, minimizing waste pollution and protecting
resources to attain a sustainable growth, hence reduce poverty (ILO 2012). ILO (2011) reported that
countries with greener economies provide potential job creations; it deals better with the coming
structural changes and reconstruction of existing jobs as a global.
Combining value added programs and the number of countries participating geographic, ILO has a
higher advantage to support the members with better economic growth, higher standard of living
and improving labour rights. Kutscher & Baurle (1997) mentioned that organization with more
value added aboard is able to internationalize and activities can be widely spread and disperse
among countries.
Integration
Another reason was integration use for internationalize ILO. Integration was used to

Women's Rights In America Essay
The United States of America is one of the most powerful developed countries in the world, with a
strong economic and political stand in the international stage. Unfortunately, from all of the shine,
there are spots of rust. The United States faces internal issues, such as education, foreign relations,
and most importantly social policies. Recently, the United States has started to discuss more about
how women in the labor market, are receiving a lower amount of payment, compared to men. This
not only includes regular jobs, but high paying jobs as well, for example CEO's. In this paper, I
would like to discuss about how the International Labour Organization (ILO) discussed on the
issues of women's rights in the labor force and how they should be treated, and see if this is
applicable to the United States based on the recommendation of the ILO. The convention by the ILO
during 1981, was called "Workers with Family ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As I read the recommendation to see if the United States can use this as a stepping stone to fixing
the issue of wages, I find that, the education in the United States does not highlight/focus on the
issue of injustice and mistreatment of women in American society. The only time mentioned about
woman's suffrage was during classes such as history. My understanding and knowledge about this
issue was during college which shocked me the most. I believe, that if there is a chance to change
the view of woman in the workforce, as the recommendation stated in the second section, National
policy under point ten, that the public should be educated about such issues, which may and or help
start awareness to the wage

The International Labour Organization and Its Attempt to...
Introduction This essay will look at the International Labour Organisation (ILO) and its attempts to
alleviate child labour up until now. Firstly, a definition of child labour will be provided after which
an introductory overview will be given about the ILO's activities against child labour. Thereafter, a
critical assessment will be provided regarding the ILO's steps against child labour, and some major
problems will be highlighted regarding the ILO's approach to eliminate child labour. Defining Child
Labour Mowing the lawn, washing the car and dishes, or cleaning the kitchen are the types of tasks
that most children dislike to do. However, tasks such as these are not defined as child labour.
Generally speaking, child labour is defined as something along the lines of: 'Labour that exploits
children and restricts their mental and physical development', and thus household chores, in most
cases, cannot be considered to be a form of child labour. However, labour that is not appropriate for
children, such as working with dangerous machinery, mining, or work that exposes children to
sexual abuse, can be defined as child labour. This is due to the fact that, in situations like the ones
described, children are exposed to exploitation and to circumstances that are detrimental to their
physical and mental health. That being said, labour in itself is not considered to be necessarily a bad
thing for children, since it can provide them with many learning opportunities. For example,

Causes Of Child Labour
Threatens children's physical, mental or emotional well being.
Involves intolerable abuse, such as child slavery, child trafficking, debt bondage, forced labour or
illicit activities.
Prevents children from going to school.
Uses children to undermine labour standards.
CAUSES OF CHILD LABOUR
For much of human history and across different cultures, children less than 17 years old have
contributed to family welfare in a variety of ways. There are various reasons which lead to child
labour. Some of the important reasons are as follows:
POVERTY: UNICEF suggests that poverty is a big cause for child labour. The report also notes that
in rural and impoverished parts of developing and undeveloped parts of the world, children have no
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Many communities, particularly rural areas do not possess adequate school facilities. Even when
schools are sometimes available, they are too far away, difficult to reach, unaffordable or the quality
of education is so poor that parents wonder if going to school is really worth it. In government–run
primary schools, even when children show up, government–paid teachers do not show up 25% of
the time. The 2008 ILO study suggests that illiteracy resulting from a child going to work, rather
than a quality primary and secondary school, limits the child's ability to get a basic educational
grounding which would in normal situations enable them to acquire skills and to improve their
prospects for a decent adult working life. An older report published by UNICEF outlines the issues
summarized by the ILO report. The UNICEF report claimed that while 90% of child labour in India
is in its rural areas, the availability and quality of schools is decrepit; in rural areas of India, claims
the old UNICEF report, about 50% of government funded primary schools that exist do not have a
building, 40% lack a blackboard, few have books, and 97% of funds for these publicly funded
school have been budgeted by the government as salaries for the teacher and administrators. A 2012
Wall Street Journal article reports while the enrolment in India's school has dramatically increased
in recent years to over 96% of all children in the 6–14 year age group, the infrastructure in

Engineering Solutions in a Global Economy
Homework 4 The Global Impact of Safety Jonathan Shuty, Spenser Tripp, Caitlyn Hagarty, Yuliia
Kapeliushna Part 1: In the modern Western style industrial setting, the culture has shifted from blind
efficiency in production to putting major emphasis on safety and welfare of workers. The Industrial
Revolution has long since passed. Manufacturing facilities have had plenty of time to stabilize their
processes so that changing them to consider the safety of the worker would not cause an
unacceptable drop in profits. Social pressure from the working class also contributed to this shift, as
unsafe working conditions were no longer a necessary reality of the industry. Unfortunately, this
emphasis on safe work practices is not a worldwide ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The flammable plastic used to manufacture the dolls catching on fire caused at least one of the fires.
As mentioned, the building had caught fire several times within three years, including two fires that
destroyed all or part of the facility, excluding the tragedy mentioned above (ILO, 2011). The fire
that caused fatalities came after many near misses. This accident would have been much less
catastrophic if it had occurred in the United States. OSHA enforces standards that cover all the
issues that made this fire as fatal as it was. It gives guidelines on how to implement fire prevention
plans, which were clearly absent in the Kader fire. The building had fire extinguishers and hoses on
external walls of the building, but they were inaccessible by employees by the time they were aware
of the scope and danger of the situation. OSHA regulates the number and location of fire
extinguishers, so they can be readily accessed and utilized. (OSHA, "Fire Safety – Standards") The
biggest factor in these workers' deaths was the delayed evacuation of the building caused by a lack
of fire alarms and proper emergency exits. Under OSHA regulations, fire alarms must be functional,
audible and visible by all employees, and checked for functionality every 2 months. OSHA also
regulates exit routes. A company must have the

Child Labor In The 1800s
Child labor was very common and popular especially in the late 1800s and early the 1900s even
though many people were not aware of the dangers. We can define child labor as work that deprives
children of their childhood, their potential and their dignity, and cause to their physical and mental
development. Children are the base of a country but in a developing country child labor is an issue
that has yet to disappear. Most of the children remain illiterate because of their poor economic
condition and parents do not have enough money to spend on the education of their children, rather
they send their children for work so that they could earn some money during their poor economic
condition. The objective of my research paper is to raise awareness ... Show more content on
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A decrease in per capita GDP is correlated with increase in child labor. It is difficult for poor
families to stop sending children to work, because alternatives are hunger and starvation of the
whole families. Pierik and Houwezijl (2006) have put it,
"This is the main reason why targeted boycotts of the products of child labor turn out to be
counterproductive (at least in the short term): they focus, in a limited geographical area, only on the
effects of child labor–its products–but typically fail to investigate the structural reasons for the
occurrence of child labor–namely, poverty."
Thus, taking jobs away from these children without understanding fundamental principle of the
child labor can only send them to worse and less–paid jobs.
Prohibition on child labor works well when adult wages increase at the same time, and this would
most likely happen if "all regulators, importers, and consumers of products in the world would be
able to effectively support such

Annotated Bibliography On Child Labour
Notes on your sources
*Print this page as many times as you want, and feel free to add as many boxes and pages as you
need.
*Your notes must be typed.
Bibliographic Reference
(author, title, publisher, date of publication, pages) Sch ILO. (2011). Employers' and workers'
handbook on hazardous child labour. Switzerland, Geneva : ILO publications.
Abstract (brief summary of the source's main objective or thesis) It's an overview of child labour, it
will introduce it, it will have some facts in it and it will summarizes the causes of child labour.
Contents:
Tags/key words Page NOTES: To make your notes, use short–form, numbers, bullets etc.
Different facts and characteristics on child labour 16(5)
–17(6)
–18(7)
–19(8) –There

Investing Of Better Health And Safety Systems
Investing in better health and safety systems requires a 'business case' to be made (Gahan,
Sievewright and Evans, 2014). The business case seeks to establish whether investment in better
health and safety systems can provide a net economic legal, or benefit to business, irrespective of
whether such investments might also be able to generate net benefits that directly accrue to
individual workers, the business overall or the community at large (Work Safe Australia, 2014).
This essay defines what is a business case and this management tool can be used to ensure health
and safety objectives are met and integrated within a business. It outlines the requirement for a
health and safety business case and puts forth evidence gathered from a ... Show more content on
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The business case may also put forward alternative solutions and identifies assumptions (State of
Victoria, 2010).
The focus of the business case and the level of detail required in a business case will depend on the
size of the business, the impact to the business and the proposal itself (State of Victoria, 2010).
Health and safety is usually seen a as cost or overhead rather than an improvement to productivity
or increase in profit, therefore a health and safety business case is usually based upon one the
following justifications: legal, financial or strategic (Work Safe Australia, 2014).
Requirement for a health and safety business case
As stated there is a tendency in industry to perceive resources dedicated to health and safety systems
as expenditures rather than investments with improvements in health and safety beyond those
required to meet compliance obligations often delayed. Quality systems are easier to justify. It also
remains difficult to convince management of the benefits of investing in health and safety systems
because of a tendency to overestimate the costs associated with implementation and undervalue the
costs associated with system failure (Gahan et al., 2014; Work Safe

Understandings and Approaches to Human Trafficking in the...
In 2013, the ILO (International Labour Organization) reported the Middle East to be the primary
destination for trafficking victims, as they calculated that there are around 600,000 forced labour
victims within the region to date (13). This seemingly widespread issue of human trafficking within
the Middle East has been subject to significant media coverage and global debate. There are three
major elements at the centre of this debate: issues around the interpretations of the widely accepted
UN's Palermo Protocol's definition of human trafficking, concerns in regards to the depictions of
victims of human trafficking, and questions regarding what are the most effective strategies in
preventing certain kinds of trafficking. As much of the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They also state that currently, "all countries of the Middle East have ratified the Palermo Protocol"
(123). The protocol outlines 3 elements of trafficking – the act, the means, and the purpose – and
defines human trafficking in Article 3, paragraph (a):
(a) "Trafficking in persons" shall mean the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring or
receipt of persons, by means of the threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, of abduction, of
fraud, of deception, of the abuse of power or of a position of vulnerability or of the giving or
receiving of payments or benefits to achieve the consent of a person having control over another
person, for the purpose of exploitation. Exploitation shall include, at a minimum, the exploitation of
the prostitution of others or other forms of sexual exploitation, forced labour or services, slavery or
practices similar to slavery, servitude or the removal of organs (20)
Mahdavi and Sargent in their article critique this definition in more depth, arguing that there is
ambiguity within the definition to which they state "enabled multiple, selective, and contradictory
understandings of what human trafficking does or does not entail" (13) and that it has "grossly
misconstrued the true complexity and heterogeneity of the phenomenon of human trafficking in
continuum of coercion/consent along which migration and labour occur" (15). While the definition
is quite ambiguous, and contains many gaps,

Name Three Changes That Work To Long-Term Ecological...
10 points One word can be used to describe the most prominent factor in Green Chemistry and
Sustainability. What is that word? Why is it so prominate?
10 points ILO Demonstrate how concepts of ecology are central to many area of study.
Name three and only three changes that are made in second generation biofuels to minimize the
effects found in first generation biofuels on the ecology. What is the difference between second and
third generation fuels?
6 points ILO Identify the ecological consequences of human activity on the earth and envision
fundamental solutions that work to long–term ecological sustainability.
What could be a problem if one type of plant is used exclusively for biofuel? Assume that the plant
does not compete with food ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Name two and only two types of greenwashing and provide a reason the people think they can
greenwash without a bad consequence.
ILO Analyze ethical issued embedded in meaningful community–based learning experiences.
4 points A community we have discussed in this course is the scientific community. This community
discussed some ways that can make solvent choices more green and sustainable. Provide two ethical
issues that need to be addressed relative to this issue.
ILO Integrate knowledge and skill from multiple sources and meaningful experiences.
6 points Provide an example how each of the following academic subjects can provide assistance in
creating a greener and more sustainable world.
Biology
Accounting
Chemistry
5 points Greening Zoos: Name two ways that zoo are being made more sustainable. Do these
improvement only apply to zoos? Explain your answer.
5 points Name 5 and only 5 ways to make the synthesis of a pharmaceutical compound more green
that are presented on the poster.

5 points Describe the gasplasma cycle. What is the main challenge in the proper disposal of

Breaking Through the Glass Ceiling
Essay
Breaking through the Glass Ceiling:
Women in Management
In the last decades, professional situation of women has improved. The opportunities of women to
get better education have grown, and so has the level of women in professional and managerial jobs
that historically had been held by men. In 2001, women stood for almost 40 per cent of the
worldwide labor force; yet, they had and still have to be confronted with the persisting gender pay
gap and, in what considered the employment of women in senior positions, also with the "glass
ceiling".
By studying statistical data, in her research Linda Wirth analyzed how the situation of women in
professional and managerial work has developed over the last decades. Wirth starts her ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
By doing some cross–country comparisons, Wirth demonstrates that this figure would have been
even smaller if female top executives only in large corporate structures were scrutinized, where the
proportion of women involved in revenue generating activities is extremely low. Wirth suggests that
nondiscriminatory hiring and promotion processes, recognition of the potential benefits of female
representation in top management as well as women's networking groups, especially those including
women in high–ranking positions, would enhance women's movement towards the top and allow to
break a glass ceiling at the highest levels.
The share of female managers in financial and banking sectors has increased in the last decades. Yet,
the proportion of women at decision–making level in finance ministries, central banks, banking
supervisory agencies and major stock exchanges remains very insignificant. Often a career at the
decision–making level in these institutions requires education in certain prestigious universities. As
women have been granted access to many of these universities only lately, Wirth assumes that it is
just a matter of time before women appear among executive directors in ruling financial institutions.
Wirth argues that in both industrialized and developing countries, women have better opportunities
to move towards senior management level in

International Labour Organization
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First of all we would like to thank Almighty Allah for giving us the
courage and ability to complete this report.We would like to express our gratitude to all those who
gave us the possibility to complete this report. We want to thank the Department of management
sciences of our university for giving us an opportunity to commence this project in the first instance
and to do the necessary research work. We are deeply indebted to our supervisor Sir Muzammil
Aftab whose help, stimulating suggestions and encouragement helped us all for writing this
report.Especially, we would like to give our special thanks to the staff of ILO for cooperating with
us and giving us all the relevant data according to our project obligation. ... Show more content on
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IPEC's work to eliminate child labour is an important facet of the ILO's Decent Work Agenda. Child
labour not only prevents children from acquiring the skills and education they need for a better
future, it also perpetuates poverty and affects national economies through losses in competitiveness,
productivity and potential income. Withdrawing children from child labour, providing them with
education and assisting their families with training and employment opportunities contribute
directly to creating decent work for adults. Setting target group priorities The goal of IPEC remains
the prevention and elimination of all forms of child labour, the priority targets for immediate action
are the worst forms of child labour, which are defined in the ILO Convention on the worst forms of
child labour, 1999 (No. 182) as: All forms of slavery or practices similar to slavery, Such as the sale
and trafficking of children, Debt bondage and serfdom and forced or compulsory labour, including
forced or compulsory recruitment of children for use in armed conflict; The use, procuring or
offering of a child for prostitution, for the production of pornography or for pornographic
performances; The use, procuring or offering of a child for illicit activities, in particular for the
production and trafficking of drugs as defined in the relevant international treaties;

1. Discuss The Major Changes That Have Occurred In The
1. DISCUSS THE MAJOR CHANGES THAT HAVE OCCURRED IN THE LAST 30 YEARS
AND EXPLAIN HOW THIS HAS "CREATED" THE NEED FOR CREWING AGENCIES.
The maritime transport industry has gone through tremendous changes in the last fifty years. New
technologies have been introduced to improve operational and management efficiencies while
globalization has given rise to a competitive business environment in the face of 4 th IAMU General
Assembly growing demands for maritime transport. The contemporary maritime industry, in spite of
a clear trend of consolidation and co–operation among firms, remain highly competitive.
Customer service has become a matter of pervasive focus for firms in the industry while
specialization, with respect to service and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Therefore for ship owners to survive in this era of declining trend in freight rate and the strict
requirements of international conventions on safety, attention must be turned towards developing
countries for cheap but qualified and experienced seafarers by assisting in the provisions of training
facilities and equipments to meet the STCW 95 standard requirement for manpower capacity
development to meet the international maritime labor demand. crewing agencies help shipping
companies to meet the global demand of qualified skilled manpower supply according to the
international standards enforced by maritime organizations and flag state control of different
countries.
The important function of crewing agents are out lined below:
Provide seafarers orientation on recruitment policies and procedures, terms and conditions of
employment and other relevant information. Ensure that any seafarer recruited or deployed by them
is qualified and holds the documents necessary for the job concerned ,Ensure that contracts of
employment are in accordance with any applicable laws, regulations and collective bargaining
agreements., Ensure that seafarers are informed of their rights and duties under their contracts of
employment and the articles of agreement prior to or in the process of engagement, Ensure that
proper arrangements are made for seafarers to examine their contracts of employment and articles of
agreement before and

4.4 Elective Hrm 6: Industrial Relations & Collective...
ID4.4 Elective HRM 6: Industrial Relations & Collective Bargaining 1. Industrial Relations:
Historical background, Concept and approaches in IR – Stake holders of IR, Various factors
influencing IR, HR approach to IR, Essentials of sound IR policy, IR Strategies, Legal frame work
of IR, Community of IR. Proactive IR, Industrial conflicts, Disputes, Conflict resolution. 2. Trade
Unions: Trade union movement and growth of TU in India, National level federations, Trade union
problems, Trade union Organization, Leadership and management of Trade union, Trade Union Act
1926, Registration of trade union, Employers Association – Objectives, Origin and growth, Legal
status, Problems of Trade Unions. 3. Grievances and Disciplines: Grievances, ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
5. Settlements: Types of settlements, Wage settlement, bonus settlement, productivity settlement,
VRS settlement, Union issues settlement, Reorganization settlement, Transfer, Layoff,
Retrenchment and Closure settlements. 4.4 Elective HRM 6: Industrial Relations & Collective
Bargaining 1. Industrial Relations: Historical background, Concept and approaches in IR – Stake
holders of IR, Various factors influencing IR, HR approach to IR, Essentials of sound IR policy, IR
Strategies, Legal frame work of IR, Community of IR. Proactive IR, Industrial conflicts, Disputes,
Conflict resolution. 2. Trade Unions: Trade union movement and growth of TU in India, National
level federations, Trade union problems, Trade union Organization, Leadership and management of
Trade union, Trade Union Act 1926, Registration of trade union, Employers Association –
Objectives, Origin and growth, Legal status, Problems of Trade Unions. 3. Grievances and
Disciplines: Grievances, Redressal, Discipline, Standing Orders, Acts of misconduct, Show cause
notice, Suspension, Enquiry procedure, Principles of natural justice, Punishments, Demotion
suspension, Termination, Removal and dismissals, Conflicts – Industrial disputes –Lay off,
Termination simplicitor, Retrenchment, closures, VRS. 4. Collective Bargaining: Concept, Its
relevance in

Role Of The Wto On Addressing Labour Standards
Appropriate role of the WTO in addressing labour standards
Introduction
The relationship between international trade and labour standards is a key issue today. The relation
defines the link between developing countries and advanced industrialized nations. International
enforcement of labour standards is justifiable from two frontiers of arguments. The first one opines
that "unfair" labour conditions and practices exist in many countries and trading partners and call for
the need to offset an occurrence through appropriate trade policy measures in a bid to level the
playing field (Elliott & Richard 2003, p. 67). The proponents of the argument include organized
social and labour activists. Secondly, other social activists contend that ... Show more content on
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147). Such standards are aimed at enforcing the adherence to WTO agreements by trading countries
that have signed and ratified the WTO agreement. Most issues dealt with by the WTO derive from
previous trade negotiations such as the Uruguay Round (1986–1994). All measures are taken with
the view of raising standards of living and ensuring full employment (Brown 200, p. 971). To
achieve its objectives, it undertakes a series of trade liberalizing agreements reached on consensus
from the WTO 's members forming the General Council.
Labour standards under the World Trade Organization (WTO)
Labour Standards in the World Trade Organization refer to the binding rules forming part of the
principles and jurisprudence applicable within the rule making structures of the World Trade
Organization (WTO). The labour standards play a critical role within the WTO. Despite them being
a backbone in the WTO, they form a prominent issue facing the WTO hence generating academic
and economic debates (Rodrik 1997, p.37). The scope to which the WTO recognizes labour
standards is based on the principles established in Conventions of the International Labour
Organization (ILO), and renowned human rights treaties such as the International Bill of Human
Rights.
Core Labour Standards
The core labour standards are identified by the 'Declaration of the Fundamental Principles and
Rights at Work ' by the International Labour Organization (ILO). They are widely acknowledged for
their

Should Child Labor Be Banned
Should Child Labor Be Banned
Abdulbari Alsayed
ELS University of Cincinnati
Introduction
In 1999, the International Labor Organization (ILO) adopted agreement around the prohibition and
instant actions for the eradication of the terrible kinds of child labor such as forcing them to work in
coal mines, factories, and other facilities. ILO is approved by 174 countries, banned dangerous labor
for children who did not reach 18 years of age. The ban includes labor with unsafe machines or in
hazardous areas, jobs that force children to take physical, mental, or social abuse, and jobs that have
dangerous substances, employees, or processes ( Amon, Buchanan, Cohen & Kippenberg, 2012).
According to ILO ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Many children who involved with child labor came from poor families (Kashif & Hussain, 2013).
So they are forced to work even in younger age, or from a society that encourages child labor, which
their structure is so fragile and provide an inhabitable environment for any individual. The most
significant reasons of child labor are poverty and the environment.
Poverty drives child labour
In the poor families rather than rich families, children consider as a the individuals who take the
responsibilities of the house, so they have to work 28 or more hours per week. They labor to help
their family to provide the basic needs of living (Putnick & Bornstein, 2016). A number of studies
have shown that countries with the most population in the lower class of poverty infested with child
labor (Alzúa, Cruces & Ripani, 2013). While the number of child labor increases, the adult
unemployment rate will increase simontainsly, and that is one of the most significant reasons for
poverty.
Environment causes child labor
Many studies have shown that the environment in which the child have an impact upon the home,
such as the amount of income, and the size of their home, especially when they don't have parents or
they are just orphans who try to cling with their lives in this miserable environment. which has a
negative impact on the IQ of children with five years of age (Gunn & Duncan, 1997).

Role of UNICEF and the International Labour Organization...
Introduction This paper deals with the role of transnational actors like UNICEF and the
International Labour Organization (ILO) in the working children's movement. It examines the role
of development communication in empowering working children, and its impact on the movement.
The paper begins with a brief introduction to development, linking it with issues concerning
working children. It then goes into a brief overview of UNICEF and the ILO, and talks about the
role of each in the international working children's movement. It evaluates one program executed by
each of the organizations in dealing with a development situation, in terms of intent and purpose,
policies and procedures, obstacles faced, and the outcome of each ... Show more content on
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Development can be defined as a wide participatory process of social change in a society intended
to bring about both social and material advancement including greater equality, freedom and other
valued qualities for the majority of the people through gaining greater control over their
environment (Everett Rogers, 1976, Moemeka, Pg.8). I believe that development needs to start at
the grassroots, and it needs to begin with children. This is not to say that this is the only kind of
development that needs to take place, but this is the best kind of development for the future, as it is a
fresh learning process vs. an 'undoing old methods and re–learning' process. Issues concerning
children therefore need to be addressed immediately. Child labour is one of the primary concerns in
developing countries. Child labour has been defined by the ILO as all economic activities carried
out by persons less than 15 years of age (regardless of occupational status, wage–earners, own–
account workers, unpaid family workers etc.) Child labour is illegal in most countries, especially
bonded labour as well as those situations which involve children working in dangerous and
hazardous environments. Children are often engaged in work that is detrimental to their emotional,
psychological as well as physical well being, as in the case of prostitution. According to a 1997
estimate there are about 250 million

Ethical Labor Practices
Among the many concerns faced by 21st century global corporations is that the supply chain partner
engages in unacceptable labor practices, such as the use of underage labor, when manufacturing a
part of the finished good. The news cycle is such that violations committed in the most remote part
of the world become front–page news virtually minutes after initial reports. Apple Computer
recently experienced this when it announced that it discovered that child labor was used in the
manufacture of parts for iPhones and iPods. Despite rigorous audit practices employed by Apple, the
violations went undiscovered because the supply chain partners allegedly falsified documents
associated with the ages of employees (Gustin, 2010). Unfortunately for ... Show more content on
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But, it bears consideration that the same issues surrounding working conditions around the world
are occurring in 2015, just as they did 96 years ago when the ILO was formed. In fact, even the
United States, which helped found the ILO, didn't codify equal employment opportunity under the
law until the passage of title VII under the Civil Rights Act of 1964. The notion that it took the
United States 45 years to enact a basic worker's rights law would lead one to believe that the efforts
of the ILO were at best

Importance Of Child Labour
Introduction:
Child labour is defined as children who provide work and as a result of this, can possibly affect their
mental and physical health. As well as this, if the work interferes with their education or removes
the option to go to school; it is classed as child labour (International Labour Organization 2017).
The International labour office (2012) estimates that 168 million children in the world are
experiencing a form of child labour and more than half of them are in work that has a direct impact
on their health. In this literature review, I investigate the effects of businesses using child labour and
two sides to why child labour can be seen as good and bad. I will also analyse corporate social
responsibility and how this applies to businesses with using child labour as an example.
Methodology:
This literature review will not include the use of any primary research however will use secondary
and only secondary research. This will involve me using online websites and articles as research, as
well as this, I will be using the University of Brighton Aldrich Library.
Laws and Regulations:
The minimum age for employment in the UK for part time work is 13 only for acting or modelling
careers and they would need a licence in order to work in the specific areas and for full time
employment, the minimum age is 16 (GOV.UK 2017). However, many businesses in the UK have
previously included child labour in their production such as Marks and Spencer's who had Syrian

M3-Assignment 2: Lasa 1—Preliminary Strategy Audit
M3–Assignment 2: LASA 1–Preliminary Strategy Audit
https://homeworklance.com/downloads/m3–assignment–2–lasa–1–preliminary–strategy–audit/ M3–
Assignment 2: LASA 1–Preliminary Strategy Audit The end result of this course is developing a
strategy audit. In this module, you will outline and draft a preliminary framework for your final
product. This provides you with the opportunity to get feedback before a final submission. In
Module 1, you reviewed the instructions for the capstone strategy audit assignment and grading
rubric due in Module 5. By now, you have completed the following steps: Identified the
organization for your report Interviewed at least one key mid–level or senior–level manager Created
a market position ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Include a preliminary set of recommended tactics for improving your company's strategic alignment
and operating performance. o You may modify these recommendations in your final report based on
the additional analysis you will conduct in the next module as well as the feedback you receive on
this paper from your instructor. o Keep in mind that recommendations can include, but are not
limited to, tactics in marketing, branding, alliances, mergers and acquisitions, integration, product
development, diversification or divestiture, and globalization. If you recommend your company to
go global, you must include a supply chain analysis and an analysis of your firm's global
capabilities. Write your report as though you are a consultant to your company and are addressing
the executive officers of this company. Write a 7–page report in Word format. Make sure your
writing is clear, concise, and in an organized manner; demonstrates ethical scholarship in accurate
representation and attribution of sources; and displays accurate spelling, grammar, and punctuation.
Use the following format for your report: Cover page Executive summary/abstract Table of contents
Introduction to company (each subsection should be an assessment) o Value proposition o Market
position o Competitive advantage External environmental scan/five forces analysis o Current

Rules On How It Could Be Connected
rules on how it could be connected. Suggestions can likewise be self–governing, i.e. not connected
to any convention. Conventions and proposals are drawn up by agents of governments, bosses, and
specialists and are received at the ILO 's yearly International Labor Conference. Once a standard is
embraced, part states are required under the ILO Constitution to submit them to their skilled power
(regularly the parliament) for thought (Hughes & Haworth, 2011). On account of traditions, this
implies thought for sanction. If it is confirmed, a convention, for the most part, comes into the drive
for that nation one year after the date of confirmation. Approving nations confer themselves to
applying the Convention in national law and practice and giving an account of its application at
customary interims. The ILO gives specialized help if fundamental. Likewise, representation and
grievance strategies can be started against nations for infringement of a tradition they have
confirmed  Fundamental Conventions The ILO 's Governing Body has distinguished eight
conventions as primary or otherwise fundamental. They cover subjects that are considered as basic
standards and rights at work. They also include, freedom to associate and the powerful
acknowledgment of the privilege to aggregate bartering. They further constitute the disposal of all
types of constrained or mandatory work. Also the viable nullification of tyke work; and the end of
segregation regarding business and occupation (

United States From The Era Of Dictatorship
US between the years 1977–1980.The ILO also made extensive contributions in emancipating the
Poland from the era of dictatorship. It did this by fully supporting the legitimacy of the Solidarnosc
union in respect of the Convention No. 87 regarding the freedom of association that Poland has
ratified in the year 1957. In 1989, Michael Hansenne (Belgium), succeeded Blachard and managed
to guide ILO during the period after the cold war (Daele, 2010). He placed massive emphasize on
the relevance of social justice to the international economic as well as social policies. Michael
Hansenne also set the ILO to the course of decentralizing its activities as well as resources from the
headquarters in Geneva. On 4th March 1999, Juan Somavia (Chile) took up the position of
Director–General. Under his leadership, he put much emphasis on the significance of making decent
work an international goal to promote fair globalization. He also, categorized work as a poverty
instrument to elevating poverty. He further underlined ILO's role in ensuring the MDGs including
reducing the poverty levels by 50% by the year 2015.In May 2102, Juan Somavia was succeeded by
Guy Ryder (UK). He became the ILO's 10th Director in general and began his five–year term in the
month on October the year 2012. How the ILO works  Tripartism and social dialogue On the
baseline of the ILO 's work is the significance of collaboration amongst governments as well as
employee and employer associations and in cultivating

The Trans Pacific Partnership ( Tpp )
The United States has always been promoting trade cooperation among international and inter–
regional countries through Free Trade Agreement (FTA), which usually resulted in the elimination
of the trade tariffs on variety of products. However, there are many controversies raised by these
type of agreements. For example, some may argue that the FTA does not thoroughly discuss or
examine the other problems of international trading apart from the import and export tariffs. Free
trades seem to undermine the "fair trade" perspective that includes the well–being of the employees
and the effect on the environment and the society of the pledged countries. Until recently, the U.S.
initiated, the Trans–Pacific partnership (TPP), a global trade agreement that will impose stricter
provisions on the labor issues such as workplace safety, labor issue, and labor dispute to the pledged
countries.
Brunei, Malaysia, Vietnam, and Singapore are 4 of the 11 Association of Southeast Asian Nations
(ASEAN) countries who pledged in this TPP agreement and thus will be benefited from the
elimination of taxes and tariffs on importing and exporting products from and to the U.S. The
problem, however, is that the ASEAN countries have also agreed to enter into the ASEAN
Economic Community (AEC), where the 11 member countries will promote the free–movement of
goods, services, investment, capital, and skilled labor. In another word, the AEC is aiming to
establish one larger and stronger market while

Pros And Cons Of Stopping Child Labour
Child Labour as defined by the International Labour Organisation, work that deprives children of
their childhood, their potential and their dignity, and that is harmful to physical and mental
development. This includes interference with their schooling. Child Labour in extreme forms also
involves children being separated from their families, exposed to serious hazards and despises or
left to fend for themselves on the streets of large cities at an early age. (ILO, n.d.). In Cote d' Ivoire,
a major child labour form is agriculture where children as young as five work in Cocoa farms for
cocoa industries, which have been the major revenue of 60% of export for Cote d' Ivoire. With the
rapid growth of the cocoa industry, cheap cocoa is in demand. ... Show more content on
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Examples of actions that could be taken include funding for schools, monitoring of cocoa
plantations, spreading awareness of the cruelty of child labour to households.
However, there are many pros and cons to consider of the implications if child labour were to be
stopped, from the different perspectives of the different stakeholders involved.
The pros will be first discussed. Stopping child labour in Cote d' Ivoire would definitely help the
children to be free from physical and mental scars. Child labour, according to various research, will
leave physical and especially psychological scars on the children involved. These scars are caused
by abusive actions by plantation owners, especially those who require the children to complete an
exaggerated amount of work before they get to rest or eat their meals. (Hawksley, 2011).Even if
they eventually get out of this cycle and be free from child labour when they grow up, the scars take
a long time, or may never heal. This deprives them of their whole life's success. Thus, putting an
end to child labour will save many lives by allowing these children to experience childhood and
achieve success in various areas of their

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