1. An Introduction to the Viruses Topic 36 and Topic 37

3. Size of viruses

5. The Viral Structures and Shape

7. Shape of Viruses, determined by the arrangement of proteins (capsomers) in the capsid

8. Helical

9. Icosahedral

11. Additional Structures in some Viruses, envelope and surface proteins

12. Function of the envelope

18. Example of the Taxonomic characteristics , used to describe a virus

19. VIRAL REPLICATION

20. Phage Replication

22. Fig 6.11

23. Penetration

24. Bacteriophage assembly line

26. Animal Virus Replication

28. Virus Adsorption

31. Adsorption

32. Virus Penetration

36. Nucleic acid translocation

37. Nucleic acid translocation Non enveloped virus injecting its nucleic acid to the host cell

38. Viral Uncoating

39. Viral Uncoating

40. Summary of Penetration/uncoating

41. Duplication and Synthesis

42. Duplication and Synthesis DNA and RNA viruses replicate in different manner.

43. DNA Replication

45. DNA Virus Replication-1 DNA dependent RNA polymerase is needed for the Transcription of mRNA from the DNA strand

46. DNA Virus Replication….2

47. DNA Virus Replication…3 The virus needs to code for proteins and enzymes that it can use in the Subsequent stages of its replication And assembly ( e.g. DNA polymerase, Capsid proteins.

48. DNA Virus Replication…4 DNA dependent DNA polymerase is Produce so that the DNA of the virus Can be replicated.

49. DNA Virus Replication…5

50. RNA Replication

53. RNA Virus Replication….1

54. RNA Virus Replication…2 They have their own RNA dependent RNA Polymerase which it uses to transcribe from The –RNA the + RNA strand which is use In the making the protein

55. RNA Virus Replication…3 The + RNA strand is transcribe, the Complimentary copy is now a negative strand.

56. RNA Virus Replication…4 It can’t It can’t

57. RNA Virus Replication (Retrovirus)

58. RNA Virus Replication (Retrovirus)..

59. RNA Virus Replication (Retrovirus)..

60. Viral assembly

61. Viral assembly…

62. Viral Release

63. Viral Release Naked-nonenveloped and Complex viruses are released by cell lysis.

64. Viral Release….

65. Viral Release….

66. Release by budding

67. Viral Release….

68. Receptors Cell membrane Host cytoplasms RNA spikes SUMMARY OF VIRAL REPLICATION

71. VIRAL CPE

73. Cytopathic changes in cells

74. Inclusion body

75. Alteration of host membrane by insertion of viral proteins that trigger CMIR responses against the host cell Cytotoxic T cell will kill virus infected cells

76. Transformation or conversion of cell division to cells that divide indefinitely ( tumors ,warts) Induces hyperplasia of the host cells

77. Host Response to Viral Infections

79. Antibody Response

80. Cellular Immune response

81. Interferons

82. Diagnostic Virology

83. How do we grow viruses? Obligate intracellular parasites require appropriate cells to replicate.

85. Virus laboratory

89. Tissue Culture

90. Tissue Culture

91. No virus virus

92. Egg Inoculation

93. Egg inoculation …

95. diagnosis

96. Thank you end of lecture !