Disorders that result from excessive or inadequate production of hormones Solution Endocrine system organises various body functions by its hormonal secretions. Hormone is a chemical messenger secreted from an “endocrine gland” (ductless glands) which is transported to a distant site from its origin, where it produces its action (paracrine action). The major endocrine glands are hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, adrenal gland, pancreas (pancreatic Islets), pineal gland and parathyroid gland. Diseases associated with the hypersecretion and hyposecretion of some of the endocrine glands are given below: Name of thyroid gland Hyposecretion Hypersecretion Insulin Diabetes mellitus Gypoglycemia Vasopressin Diabetes insipidus Edema and fluid retention Thyroid Hypothyroidism (thyroid enlargement, goiter) Hyperthyroidism (Grave’s disease, toxic goiter) Adrenal Glucocorticoids Addison’s disease Cushing’s syndrome Adrenal medullary hormones Low blood pressure and cardiac insufficiency High blood pressure Growth hormone Dwarfism Gigantism FSH and LH Infertility - Name of thyroid gland Hyposecretion Hypersecretion Insulin Diabetes mellitus Gypoglycemia Vasopressin Diabetes insipidus Edema and fluid retention Thyroid Hypothyroidism (thyroid enlargement, goiter) Hyperthyroidism (Grave’s disease, toxic goiter) Adrenal Glucocorticoids Addison’s disease Cushing’s syndrome Adrenal medullary hormones Low blood pressure and cardiac insufficiency High blood pressure Growth hormone Dwarfism Gigantism FSH and LH Infertility -.

1. Disorders that result from excessive or inadequate production of hormones
Solution
Endocrine system organises various body functions by its hormonal secretions. Hormone is a
chemical messenger secreted from an “endocrine gland” (ductless glands) which is transported to
a distant site from its origin, where it produces its action (paracrine action). The major endocrine
glands are hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, adrenal gland, pancreas (pancreatic
Islets), pineal gland and parathyroid gland.
Diseases associated with the hypersecretion and hyposecretion of some of the endocrine glands
are given below:
Name of thyroid gland
Hyposecretion
Hypersecretion
Insulin
Diabetes mellitus
Gypoglycemia
Vasopressin
Diabetes insipidus
Edema and fluid retention
Thyroid
Hypothyroidism (thyroid enlargement, goiter)
Hyperthyroidism (Grave’s disease, toxic goiter)
Adrenal Glucocorticoids
Addison’s disease
Cushing’s syndrome
Adrenal medullary hormones
Low blood pressure and cardiac insufficiency
High blood pressure
Growth hormone
Dwarfism
Gigantism
FSH and LH
Infertility
-

2. Name of thyroid gland
Hyposecretion
Hypersecretion
Insulin
Diabetes mellitus
Gypoglycemia
Vasopressin
Diabetes insipidus
Edema and fluid retention
Thyroid
Hypothyroidism (thyroid enlargement, goiter)
Hyperthyroidism (Grave’s disease, toxic goiter)
Adrenal Glucocorticoids
Addison’s disease
Cushing’s syndrome
Adrenal medullary hormones
Low blood pressure and cardiac insufficiency
High blood pressure
Growth hormone
Dwarfism
Gigantism
FSH and LH
Infertility
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