3. • Full name
• Academic background
• Professional background
• Expectations from this course
• Future plans/vision
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4. April 19/2019 CENG 6109 4
CHAPTER ONE:
PREFABRICATION OF BUILDING
COMPONENTS
5. Prefabricated construction/ The Industrialised Building
System (IBS) :
• the practice of assembling a variety of components of a
structure at a manufacturing site and transporting those
sub-assemblies to the location of the construction job site.
• a mass production of building components either in a
factory or at the site according to the specification with
standard shape and dimensions, and transport to the
construction site to be re-arranged according to a certain
standard to form a building (Chung and Kadir, 2007)
• is a construction process that utilises techniques, products,
components, or building systems which involve
prefabricated components and on-site installation (CIBD,
2003)
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7. Why Prefabricated construction/ Industrialised Building
System (IBS) ?
• compared to other sectors the construction industry suffers
from low productivity, safety and quality control
• due to the traditional labor-intensive practices, the 3- D
Syndrome (Dirty, Difficult & Dangerous) has always been
associated with the construction industry
• it is a good solution for these kind of problems of the
construction industry- messy sites, high wastages, labor
intensive works, low quality work, delays.
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8. Why modern construction technology?
April 19/2019 CENG 6109 8
• “…there is more to the construction process than
just management…there is more to the
construction process than just structural design or
geotechnical evaluation…we need to create
better methods for construction…” Robert Harris
• Technology innovation can result in revolution
advancement in construction practice that
traditional management techniques and other
skills are not be able to achieve.
9. Why modern construction
technology?
April 19/2019 CENG 6109 9
• The construction industry is repeatedly
criticized for being inefficient and slow to
innovate. The basic methods of construction,
techniques and technologies have changed
little since Roman times.
10. Why modern construction
technology?
April 19/2019 CENG 6109 10
• The term 'advanced/modern construction
technology' covers a wide range of modern
techniques and practices that encompass
the latest developments in materials
technology, design procedures, quantity
surveying, facilities management,
services, structural analysis and design,
and management studies.
11. Why modern construction
technology?
April 19/2019 CENG 6109 11
• Incorporating advanced construction
technology into practice can increase levels
of quality, efficiency, safety, sustainability
and value for money. However, there is
often a conflict between traditional industry
methods and innovative new practices, and
this is often blamed for the relatively slow
rate of technology transfer within the
industry.
12. Why modern construction
technology?
April 19/2019 CENG 6109 12
• The adoption of advanced construction
technology requires an appropriate design,
commitment from the whole project team,
suitable procurement strategies, good
quality control, appropriate training and
careful commissioning.
20. Characteristics of IBS/prefabricated construction:
• Industrial production of components through
prefabrication, “OR” sometimes highly mechanized in-situ
processes i.e. permanent steel formworks, tunnel forms …
• Reduced labor during prefabrication of components and
site works.
• Modern design and manufacturing methods involving
• ICT usage - Computer Aided design (CAD) and Computer
Aided Manufacturing (CAM)
• Systematic Quality Control i.e ISO 9000 principles
• Open Building Concept- permitting hybrid applications,
and adaptable to standardization and MC (Modular
Coordination)
April 19/2019 CENG 6109 20
21. Characteristics of IBS/prefabricated construction:
• Industrial production of components through
prefabrication, “OR” sometimes highly mechanized in-situ
processes i.e. permanent steel formworks, tunnel forms …
• Reduced labor during prefabrication of components and
site works.
• Modern design and manufacturing methods involving
• ICT usage - Computer Aided design (CAD) and Computer
Aided Manufacturing (CAM)
• Systematic Quality Control i.e ISO 9000 principles
• Open Building Concept- permitting hybrid applications,
and adaptable to standardization and MC (Modular
Coordination)
April 19/2019 CENG 6109 21
22. Benefits of prefabricated construction:
• Eco-friendly: energy efficiency, sustainable, less waste,
waste recycled in-house, more accurate construction,
tighter joints and better air filtration, better wall insulaton
• Financial savings: mass production
• Flexibility: can be easily disassembled and relocated,
minimizes expended time, decreases overall time, limitless
design options, neutral aesthetics
• Consistent quality: occurs in a controlled environment,
follows specified standards, uniform quality, built by an
experience crew, multiple quality checks, use of precise
equipment
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23. Benefits of prefabricated construction … :
• Reduced site disruption:
• Shorter construction time:
• Safety
• Reduction of site labor
• Less site material
• Cleaner environment
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24. Disadvantages of prefabricated construction:
• Handling and transportation may cause breakages of
members during the transit and extra provision is to be
made.
• Difficulty in connecting precast units so as to produce same
effect as monolithic. This leads to non-monolithic
construction.
• They are to be exactly placed in position, otherwise the
loads coming on them are likely to get changed and the
member may be affected
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25. Disadvantages of prefabricated construction … :
• High transport cost
• Need of erection equipment
• Skilled labour and supervision is required.
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30. Classification of IBS/prefabricated construction:
• Frame structures may be defined as those structures that
carry the loads through their beams and girders to column
and to the ground.
• Their important feature is the capacity to transfer heavy
loads over large spans.
• Used in the construction of bridges, parking lots,
warehouses, industrial buildings, sport facilities and so on.
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32. Classification of IBS/prefabricated construction – Panel
system:
• Panel system may be defined as those structures that carry
the load through large floor and wall panels.
• Concrete panel systems are extensively used in Europe for
high rise building for ease of construction purpose.
• Used in Hollow core slabs, Interior & Exterior Wall.
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34. Classification of IBS/prefabricated construction – Box system:
• Box system may be defined as those systems that use 3D
modules (or boxes) for fabrication of habitat units.
• The main features of this system are in the internal stability
as it can withstand load from various directions.
• Require only large prefabricated sections to be transported
or handled at one time.
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43. Barriers of IBS/prefabricated construction:
• Poor skill and knowledge, cost and financial issues, lack of
awareness and negative perception (IBS Steering
Committee, 2006; Thanoon et al., 2003 and Haron et al.,
2005).
• Lack of communication and integration among
professionals or disciplines during the design stage (Kamar
et al, 2009; Hamid et al, 2008; CIMP, 2007).
April 19/2019 CENG 6109 43
