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LB_Brazil_localization_workshop.ppt
1.
© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved SAP Latin America Implementation
2.
© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Agenda Localization principles SAP R/3 country solution for Brazil Brazil-specific elements in SAP R/3 – Hierarchy – Master Data – Nota Fiscal & Taxes Process Integration for SD Process Integration for MM Process Integration for FI/CO Bolt-on’s (Legal Books and Import/Export) SPED & NF-e Appendix: Brazilian tax base calculation
3.
© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Localization Principles What makes Brazil specific?
4.
© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Where do all these requirements come from? Culture of bureaucracy – reality since very early in Brazil’s history – continued regardless of many attempts to modernize Long period of high inflation – during the last two decades mainly before 1994 – required complex calculation rules High historic level of tax evasion – creation a very complex set of rules and regulations
5.
© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved .. Mainly the requirements are concentrated on tax calculation and reporting, new document flow (“nota fiscal”) and specific accounting rules (p.e., product costing) .. There are specific SAP hierarchy elements and some additional customizing required for Brazil in a R/3 implementation Legal and Tax Requirements for Brazil What are their impacts on a SAP R/3 implementation ?
6.
© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved SAP’s Globalization Knowledge Base acknowledges the complexity of Brazilian localization • Drivers of complexity drivers include current complexity, as well as the frequency of changes and interpretation of law
7.
© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Brazil Localization Benchmark data based on IBM Roll Out Experiences Based on several SAP R/3 roll out projects in Brazil, IBM has learned the following: Over 300 process variants can be impacted by localization requirements Typical impact on “international templates” (developed without Brazilian requirements) for implementation in Brazil SAP Module Impact SD Very High MM High CO Medium FI Medium PP Low Some processes not fully supported by standard SAP R/3 – Foreign trade document flow & documentation – Tax reports for different regions and/or for specific requirements of the business – some aspects of Payroll, External Warehouse, Bank EDI, etc ... * impact varies significantly considering client specific business’ requirements, therefore, data should be used as a benchmark reference only
8.
© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved SAP R/3 Country Solution for Brazil
9.
© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved SAP R/3 Country Solution for Brazil What is a Country Solution? A country solution is a solution provided within the standard SAP R/3 system (as of Rel 4.0), that follows global best business practices, with specific functions and features to account for varying national and local tax laws, accounting laws, and manufacturing regulations in a specific country. Currently over 40 country versions exist in SAP R/3, which can be run simultaneously in the same system. Each country solution is delivered with a template / ‘pre- configured’ client, which can be used to set up your own organizational units for use in that country.
10.
© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved SAP R/3 Country Solution for Brazil What is a Country Solution? A Country Solution contains: Country specific functions – Essential general legal requirements are functionally covered – Country specific functions required by most customers using the SAP software Country specific customizing – Chart of accounts, balance sheet, tax calculation procedures, doc types, … – Country installation program for pre-configured settings Country specific documentation Country specific IMG (Implementation Guide) activities and functions
11.
© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved SAP R/3 Country Solution for Brazil What is a Country Solution? The SAP R/3 Country Solution for Brazil contains the following specific elements: Development to support Brazil-specific requirements around tax calculation and reporting, additionally required documents and document flow (“Nota Fiscal”), and specific accounting rules (e.g. product costing) Brazil-specific configuration elements to support the above development, e.g. Brazil-specific hierarchy elements (“Branch” or “Business Place”)
12.
© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved SAP R/3 Country Solution for Brazil What is a Country Solution? SAP R/3 Country Solution for Brazil comes with: Data Dictionary Objects: – 147 new Database tables containing a total of 1013 fields – 93 new Structures containing a total of 1718 fields – 56 new Table Views, containing a total of 366 fields – 577 new Data elements (new field definitions) – 150 new Domains Development Objects: – 71 new ABAP Programs – 22 new Include Programs – 29 new Function Groups – 202 new Function Modules – 16 new Transactions (but no menu structure) – 42 new Screens *Ref. SAP Release 4.7
13.
© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Brazil-specific elements in SAP R/3
14.
© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Brazil-specific elements in SAP R/3 Hierarchy elements Master data requirements – Material Master – Customer Master – Vendor Master Nota Fiscal & Taxes Bolt-on’s
15.
© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Hierarchy – Business place or Branch The “Filial” (branch or business place) – Tax reporting – Nota Fiscal reporting Legally represents each physical address of the company in which there will take place any tax related operations Important tax data is maintained at this level Nota Fiscal and Legal books are issued at this level A Branch can consist of more than one site (plant, office, warehouse, etc.) Plant Storage Location Company Plant 1:n “Filial”
16.
© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Branch 1 Branch 2 Lubrizol Brazil Hierarchy – Company Code Lubrizol Brazil could be structured as only one Company Code. Reports could be taken at Company Code level, for Legal and Business requirements. Company Code
17.
© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Organizational Structure – Branch (“Filial”) CNPJ company (8 digits) – Cadastro Nacional Pessoa Juridica - Corporate taxpayer's ID; Registry of Legal Entities. The corporate taxpayer’s ID has to be entered in the customer/vendor master record if the customer/vendor is a corporation. CNPJ Branch (4digits) – Part of the CNPJ number which indicates the branch number Example: 2 1 6 3 9 3 7 2 / 0 0 0 1 - 3 2 CNPJ Company CNPJ Branch
18.
© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Master Data
19.
© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Master Data Records – Material NCM Code – Brazilian naming of goods (compare Commodity Code). The taxes due percentage rate depends on a product classification in this table CFOP Category – the type of operation Material Destination – Industrialization, Resale, Consumption or Asset Material Origin – Domestic – Imported Produced in-house or not Taxes Classification – ICMS / IPI – ISS
20.
© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Material Master Screen
21.
© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Material Master Screen Material CFOP Category NBM Code (Control Code)
22.
© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Material Master Screen Material Origin Produced in-house Material Usage
23.
© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Master Data Records – Vendor Natural person or Legal entity indicator Legal Information – Tax code 1: CNPJ number (identification for legal entity) or – Tax code 2: CPF number (identification for sole proprietor) – Sole Proprietor (must be set when CPF number is informed) – Tax code 3: “Inscrição Estadual” (regional tax code – ‘state inscription’) – Tax code 4: “Inscrição Municipal” (city tax code – ‘municipal inscription’) – Jurisdiction code: “Domicílio Fiscal” ie. SP – São Paulo state Tax split – The IPI tax value is split up for this vendor. 50% of the calculated IPI tax value is posted as deductible input tax, 50% is deducted from the inventory posting or posting to expense account. Withholding category indicator – indicates that a tax will be withheld for payment. ie. IRRF Income tax held at the origin
24.
© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Vendor Master Screen Region Jurisdiction Code
25.
© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Vendor Master Screen Tax code 4 Tax code 3 Tax code 1 Tax code 2 Sole Proprietor Tax Split
26.
© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Vendor Master Screen Withholding tax country Withholding tax type Withholding tax code Liable
27.
© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Master Data Records - Customer Sole proprietor or Legal entity indicator Legal Information – Tax code 1: CNPJ number (identification for legal entity) or – Tax code 2: CPF number (identification for sole proprietor) – Tax code 3: “Inscrição Estadual” (regional tax code – ‘state inscription’) – Tax code 4: “Inscrição Municipal” (city tax code – ‘municipal inscription’) – Jurisdiction code: “Domicílio Fiscal” ex. SP – São Paulo state Legal text codes for ICMS and IPI laws – texts are printed in the Nota Fiscal ICMS and IPI Tax-exempt indicator Tax Classification – 0 : Not Taxable – 1: Taxable – 2: Free Trade Zone (Zona Franca de Manaus) CFOP Category
28.
© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Customer Master Screen Region Jurisdiction Code
29.
© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Customer Master Screen Tax code 4 Tax code 3 Tax code 1 Tax code 2 IPI exempt SubTrib Group ICMS exempt CFOP Category ICMS Law IPI Law
30.
© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Customer Master Screen Tax Classification
31.
© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Nota Fiscal, DANFE & Taxes Nota Fiscal DANFE
32.
© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Most important fiscal/tax document for – Invoicing – Accounting – Goods movement Contains taxes and business requirements Pre-printed form and electronic validation (e-NF) Sequenced numbers by physical site (branch or business place) Audited by local Fiscal Authorities Source of key integration data – Accounting information – Tax information Nota Fiscal Concept
33.
© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Nota Fiscal Types – Nota Fiscal Fatura (invoice) – Nota Fiscal Complementar (complement) – Nota Fiscal de Correção (correction) – Nota Fiscal de Devolução (returns) – Nota Fiscal de Transferência (transfers) – Nota Fiscal de Simples Remessa (issue goods without billing) – Nota Fiscal de Entrada (incoming - e.g. Importation) – Nota Fiscal de Conhecimento de Transporte (freights) – Nota Fiscal de Energia Elétrica (energy) – Nota Fiscal de Telefonia (telecomunications) SAP Configuration – Nota fiscal has internal and external number ranges – Depends on Sales document type – Depends on Movement type Nota Fiscal Concept
34.
© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Taxes are levied on the movement of goods, and not on the sale or purchase as is customary in most other countries. So, taxes have to be paid whenever goods are moved outside of the ‘premises’ (I.e. outside the Branch or ‘Filial’), regardless of whether a sale or purchase has actually occurred or not. Use of tax jurisdiction codes (compare to US: state taxes and state tax laws) Main ones affecting almost all goods movements: – ICMS - Material Circulation tax – IPI - Manufacturing tax – PIS - Social Integration – COFINS - Contribution for social funds – ISS - Services tax – IRRF - Withholding tax – INSS - Withholding tax social purpose Taxes Concept
35.
© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved IPI is a federal tax and depends on: – Control code (in Brazil is used as NCM code) – Material exception ICMS is a state tax and depends on: – Goods movement – State from (plant) / State to (ship-to) for outgoing – State from (vendor) / State to (plant) for incoming – Material exception PIS and COFINS: – Could be customized using sales organization and country Taxes Concept
36.
© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved IRRF is a tax related to natural person (IRPF) and legal entities (IRPJ) and depends on: – Vendor for incoming INSS is a tax related to natural person and depends on: – Vendor for incoming ISS is a city tax and depends on: – Material number for outgoing – Vendor for incoming Taxes Concept
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Tax related transactions should be stored in Fiscal Books (“livros fiscais”) – Fiscal Books are more than simple reports. – There are rules on how to register them – Requirements for printing and archiving are needed – Different industries (or even companies) require different reports SPED (mandatory in next years per industry) Tax Reports Concept
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved The R/3 System can create a Nota Fiscal in four different ways: – Integrated into MM Invoice Verification – Integrated into MM Inventory Management – Integrated into SD Billing – Manually with the Nota Fiscal Writer Brazil in SAP R/3 Nota Fiscal in SAP R/3
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Nota Fiscal Number Ranges – The R/3 System stores Notas Fiscais with an internal Nota Fiscal document number. This document number is a unique key assigned to each Nota Fiscal. – For outgoing Notas Fiscais, the external Nota Fiscal number is assigned in the print program. – Before you can create a Nota Fiscal, you must maintain the number range for the Nota Fiscal document number in Customizing. Brazil in SAP R/3 Nota Fiscal
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Integrated in MM Invoice Verification – Standard goods receipt – Freight (“conhecimento de transporte”) – several tax conditions Integrated in MM Inventory Management Movements – Plant to Plant transfers – Subcontracting – Returnable Transport Packaging – Future Delivery – Consignment – Third Party Handling Brazil in SAP R/3 Nota Fiscal Creation in SAP R/3
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Integrated in SD billing – Standard Nota Fiscal print – Cancellation – Returns – Special Cases Manually via Nota Fiscal Writer – only when automatic generation is not allowed – G/L accounting must be done manually Brazil in SAP R/3 Nota Fiscal Creation in SAP R/3
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Brazil in SAP R/3 Taxes – Automatic Calculation Automatic calculation of: – IPI, ICMS, Complement of ICMS – Substituição Tributária – ISS (outgoing), INSS – Withholding taxes (ISSF, IRRF, Funrural/FCPS) New Tax Codes must be defined Specific Calculation Procedure for FI/MM Specific Pricing Procedure for SD Determination of tax rates Specific GL accounts must be defined for Taxes Integrated to stock valuations in Invoice Verification
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Brazil in SAP R/3 Withholding taxes – Automatic Calculation Automatic calculation and postings when vendor invoice is created in SAP IRRF for companies or natural persons ISSF for natural persons Funrural / FCPS for purchase from farmers Withholding Tax types, Tax Codes and Tax formulas must be customized in the IMG Specific GL accounts must be customized in the IMG Activation is necessary at Vendor Master Data and Company Code level
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Brazil in SAP R/3 Nota Fiscal Writer The Nota Fiscal Writer can be used to enter Notas Fiscais manually. It is possible to enter all relevant Nota Fiscal data. The Nota Fiscal Writer should only be used if the Nota Fiscal cannot be generated automatically via the integration in MM or SD. It can also be used to: – Display Notas Fiscais which were automatically created by MM or SD – Change Notas Fiscais which were automatically created by MM or SD – Print Notas Fiscais which were automatically created by MM or SD No automatic updates in other R/3 modules are done by the Nota Fiscal Writer. Therefore, it is absolutely necessary, for example, to post taxes and material movements in FI/MM separately in addition to every Nota Fiscal created by the Nota Fiscal Writer. This is also the case for canceled Notas Fiscais: Cancellation of the relevant material document is equally necessary in an extra step. A reference from the Nota Fiscal to a respective source document (FI, MD, BI) can be entered manually
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Brazil in SAP R/3 Nota Fiscal Writer To create a Nota Fiscal via NFWriter, call the transaction code J1B1N You must at a minimum enter the following data on the initial screen: – Nota Fiscal type – Company code and branch – Partner function and partner ID – Indicator Incl. ICMS/ISS – If you set this indicator, it is possible to enter the price including ICMS tax. After you enter the relevant data, and save the Nota Fiscal, the system automatically creates a print request for the Nota Fiscal according to the rules defined for the Nota Fiscal form.
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Nota Fiscal - Sales Operation Description CFOP Code Outgoing or Incoming Nota Fiscal CNPJ State Inscrip. Nota Fiscal Number ICMS item rates Observations Tax related part of the Nota Fiscal
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Nota Fiscal - Symbolic Return Operation Description CFOP Code Outgoing or Incoming Nota Fiscal CNPJ State Inscr. Nota Fiscal Number ICMS and IPI item rates and IPI amounts ICMS and IPI Texts and observations Tax related part of the Nota Fiscal NCM Code Observation and Special Rule description
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Brazil in SAP R/3 Process Integration SD
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved * Documents Type ORB specific for Brazil Process Integration Standard Sales Order Process Accounting Movement Sales Order Accounts Receivable Nota Fiscal Vendor Delivery Billing Sales Quotation ORB LFB F2B N1 Accounting Movement Sales Order Accounts Receivable Nota Fiscal Vendor Delivery Delivery Billing Sales Quotation ORB LFB F2B N1
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Nota Fiscal in SD The system creates a Nota Fiscal for each billing document that is generated, these being invoices in the below example. A Nota Fiscal is also generated from several other SD business processes
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved PIS/COFINS calculation Addt. Condition Record Price without Tax (PR00) +/- Discount/Surcharge wo. taxes + ICMS + Gross Price w.Tax (ICMI) * (- Discount) * + Freight/ Assurance/ Enc.Finc .) + Calculus Base IPI ICMS ICMS Subst. Trib. ISS Final Sales Price (NF) + PIS/COFINS Base PIS COFINS IVA CODE * Standard Pricing Procedure for Brazil: RVXBRA Process Integration Tax Calculation – Calculation Procedure - IPI calculation: NCM code / material -ICMS Region-from/ Region-to -ISS Tax for services
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Nota Fiscal in SD - Activation For SAP R/3 to create a Nota Fiscal item, you need to activate Nota Fiscal creation on three different levels: Specify Nota Fiscal Category – For each sales document type that is relevant to Nota Fiscal creation, you need to assign a Nota Fiscal type, for example N1, Nota Fiscal Outgoing.. Maintain Billing Types – For each billing type that is relevant to Nota Fiscal creation, you need to set the NF rel. (Nota Fiscal Relevance) indicator, and specify additional information such as the partner ID (for instance RE, bill-to party) and the maximum number of lines of text permitted for the header and line item. Maintain Billing Document Item Category – For each combination of billing type and item category, you must activate Nota Fiscal creation by setting the NF relevance indicator.
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Nota Fiscal in SD – CFOP Determination CFOP Determination – To enable automatic Nota Fiscal creation, the system needs to determine the CFOP code during the sales process in Sales and Distribution (SD). – CFOP is determined based on a complex table which variables are: • direction of movement (incoming or outgoing) • Destination CFOP category (same state, different state or different country) • material CFOP category (material, electricity, communication or transportation) • Nota Fiscal record type (normal, transfer shipment, returnable packaging shipment, subcontracting, future delivery, consignment, third party) • Customer CFOP category (see exemptions) – All fields are mandatory for automatic CFOP determination. In addition, you can specify the following two fields. • usage of material (resale, industrialization, consumption or asset) • Branch CFOP category (industry, electric co., communication co., transport co., service co., consumer industry).
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Nota Fiscal in SD – CFOP Determination CFOP Determination (contnd.) – The system accesses the information mentioned before to automatically determine the CFOP code in either the sales order or the delivery, and then transfers it to the billing document and subsequently the Nota Fiscal. – If the system is unable to determine a code using the CFOP determination table, you must enter one manually in the sales order or delivery
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Nota Fiscal in SD – CFOP Determination CFOP for Materials intended for Consumption – As it is not allowed to sell materials intended for consumption, the system does not automatically determine the CFOP for materials which have ‘consumption’ as usage CFOP Determination via Customer master – If a customer performs certain types of operations, e.g. an electric company or agricultural customer, a customer CFOP category should be entered in the customer master record (> General Data > Control Data). The system then uses this information to determine the correct CFOP code in the sales order CFOP Determination – Selection sequence: – Read with specified customer category and specified material usage – Read with blank customer category and specified material usage – Read with specified customer category and blank material usage – Read with blank customer category and blank material usage
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Nota Fiscal in SD – CFOP Versions and Re-determination CFOP Versions – As a result of legal changes, valid as of a certain date, or due to special legislation in individual states within Brazil, the system enables you to define CFOP versions and assign them to the CFOP codes as required CFOP Re-determination – If a new version comes into effect, the system can re-determine the CFOP code for pending documents in Sales and Distribution (SD). – For example, you have already entered a sales order or delivery, a new CFOP version becomes valid, and you later process billing: you need the new CFOP version in the billing document Prerequisites – New CFOP version must be relevant for redetermination, by setting the 'Redetermination.' (Automatic CFOP Redetermination Following Version Change) indicator.
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Nota Fiscal in SD – Text Determination Texts that are printed on the Nota Fiscal can be determined automatically The following texts are applicable: – Nota fiscal header texts based on the sales order type • can be defined for each sales order type. • For each text you can also define an argument (variable) that is to be incorporated into the text, such as the order reason or the exchange rate. – Tax laws • default IPI and ICMS tax law texts – Manual texts • The system can transfer any texts entered manually (header or item level) from any document prior to creation of the Nota Fiscal (e.g. sales order, delivery, or billing document) – Dangerous goods texts • number stored in the Hazardous material number field in the material master • additional dangerous goods text (3-4 lines)
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Nota Fiscal in SD – Foreign Currency The Brazilian localization supports the creation of Sales orders in foreign currency with integrated creation of Notas Fiscais in the legally required local currency (BRL). The exchange rate used in billing for conversion from foreign to local currency is not copied to a follow-up sales document. Therefore, when the follow-up sales document is billed, the actual exchange rate is used The exchange rate is available as an argument for the automatic Nota Fiscal header texts.
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Nota Fiscal in SD – Tax Determination IPI – For sales operations IPI is calculated based on: • NCM code identified at material master • tax code defined at sales order – it’s booked in accounting and Legal Books at billing document posting – any billing document generated without accounting document posting needs to be released to reflect IPI properly in Legal Books – tax calculated only at manufactured goods ICMS – For sales operations ICMS is calculated based on: • Jurisdiction Code defined at customer master data (to define rate) • Jurisdiction Code define at plant address data (to define rate) • Tax code defined in sales order – ICMS is booked in accounting and Legal Books at time of billing document posting – Any billing document generated without accounting document posting needs to be released to reflect ICMS total properly in Legal Books – ICMS tax is calculated based on goods movement and services (e.g. freight)
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Nota Fiscal in SD – Nota Fiscal Split In Brazil, companies must print and report Notas Fiscais on the business place (Branch/Filial) level. In most cases (only those companies possessing a special permit are exempt from this requirement), a Nota Fiscal split is required by law when you print Notas Fiscais. This means that if the length of the Nota Fiscal exceeds one page, the business place must issue as many Notas Fiscais as pages are required. The system enables this by means of a Nota Fiscal split. It’s legally allowed to print multi-page Notas Fiscais (1 NF with multiple pages) DANFE?
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Nota Fiscal in SD – Batch Management The localized fields in the accounting part of the material should have the same content for all batches of the material. When the batches are identified in the shipping process, they are summarized into one line on the Nota Fiscal and it is, therefore, not possible to differentiate the prices of the batches. In order to differentiate the prices, the batches must be identified in the sales order. Batches identified in the sales order appear individually in the Nota Fiscal.
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Nota Fiscal Complementar Credit Notes Others Corrections of Legal Documents Document Types are specific for Brazil Process Integration Nota Fiscal in SD - Legal Discrepancies
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved * Document Type DRB is specific for NF Complementar Process in Brazil Does not have Delivery Process Integration Nota Fiscal in SD - Nota Fiscal Complementar Complement User Legal Books Nota Fiscal Billing Price Changes Reference Original NF(ORB) DRB L2B * Document Type DRB is specific for NF Complementar Process in Brazil Accounting Movement Complement User Legal Books Nota Fiscal Billing Price Changes Reference Original NF(ORB) DRB L2B * Document Type DRB is specific for NF Complementar Process in Brazil Accounting Movement Does not have Delivery
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Nota Fiscal in SD - Credit Note Credit Note User Legal Books does not Change Carta no DB de Nota Fiscal Billing Price Changes CRB G2B Does not have a Delivery Accounting Movement Credit Note User Legal Books does not Change Carta no DB de Nota Fiscal Billing Price Changes CRB G2B Does not have a Delivery Accounting Movement * Document Type CRB is specific for Credit Note Process in Brazil
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved A return can only be created after the preceding Nota Fiscal Saída has been printed. In contrast to the regular delivery, the returns delivery will be billed directly and not by the returns delivery. There are two types of returns: – Return with customer Nota Fiscal: • The customer accepted the goods, then rejected them and sent them back with a new Nota Fiscal. The sales document type REB is appropriate for this situation. Enter the customer Nota Fiscal number in the field Reference no. The customer Nota Fiscal is created in the subsequent billing. – Return with own Nota Fiscal: • The customer has directly rejected our Nota Fiscal. The sender receives his goods with his own Nota Fiscal saída. The sales document type ROB is appropriate for this situation. A new Nota Fiscal entrada is created in the subsequent billing Document Types are specific for Brazil Process Integration Nota Fiscal in SD - Returns
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Special Storage - Return * Document Type REB is specific for Return in Brazil Process Integration Nota Fiscal in SD - Return with customer Nota Fiscal Accounting Movement Goods Receipt by Delivery Document LRB Credit Note REB Legal Book (Receipt) NF Record (Vendor) Special Storage - Return Storage Devolution Return REB Return Legal Book Accounting Movement Goods Receipt by Delivery Document LRB Credit Note REB Credit Note REB Legal Book (Receipt) Legal Book (Receipt) NF Record (Vendor) Special Storage - Return Storage Devolution Return REB Return Legal Book Devolution Return REB Return Legal Book * Document Type REB is specific for Return in Brazil
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved • Transfer (between plants) • Returnable Packing ? • Sales for future delivery ? • Consignment N/A for Lubrizol Brazil • Third Party Sales • Free Trade Zone (ZFM) • Export • Others Deliveries Process Integration Nota Fiscal in SD - Other Special Cases
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Nota Fiscal in SD - Export Accounting Movement Standard Sales Order (Foreign Vendor) Billing Exportation NF Delivery ORB LFB F2B N1 Legal Book Nota Fiscal Complementar por Variação cambial L2B N1 DXB Complemento por Variação Cambial Goods Issue Reference Billing Accounting Movement Standard Sales Order (Foreign Vendor) Billing Exportation NF Delivery Delivery ORB LFB F2B N1 Legal Book Nota Fiscal Complementar por Variação cambial L2B N1 DXB Complemento por Variação Cambial Goods Issue Reference Billing
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Brazil in SAP R/3 Process Integration MM
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Nota Fiscal in MM Nota Fiscal Integration in MM Materials Management: – Integration in Invoice Verification – Integration in Inventory Management
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Accounts Payable Process Integration Standard Purchasing Process Accounting Purchase Requisition User Nota Fiscal Vendor MRP Purchase Order Goods Receipt Invoice Verification Fiscal Books Tax Code Quotation Outline Agreement Tax Code Tax Code Accounting Purchase Requisition User Nota Fiscal Vendor MRP Purchase Order Goods Receipt Invoice Verification Fiscal Books Tax Code Quotation Outline Agreement Tax Code Tax Code
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Nota Fiscal in MM All incoming Nota Fiscais Incoming (NF Entrada) need to be registered upon receipt Any goods receipt needs to be registered within 24 hours after registration of the Nota Fiscal Incoming Nota Fiscais are normally not printed only recorded Nota Fiscal Type – The Nota Fiscal type is used to determine important attributes of a Nota Fiscal – The Nota Fiscal type is specific for a business situation and controls the filing of documents – A Nota Fiscal (NF) must have a specified NF type – The type is either derived automatically or you specify it manually (Nota Fiscal Writer and Logistics Invoice Verification)
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Nota Fiscal in MM - NF Type Configuration Indicator Nota Fiscal entrada – This indicator specifies whether a Nota Fiscal is of the type Nota Fiscal Entrada (issued by the company itself). NF cancel type – If a Nota Fiscal is canceled, the system creates a new Nota Fiscal of the type Cancel. The system automatically assigns the appropriate NF cancel type. Please note that a Nota Fiscal of type Cancel does not appear in any type of legal reporting. – A Nota Fiscal can only be canceled if the corresponding FI period is still open. If the period is already closed, the system will issue an error message. Direction of movement – A Nota Fiscal can be either an incoming or an outgoing Nota Fiscal. The NF type specifies the direction of movement. Document type – R/3 supports the document types Nota Fiscal, Complementar, Correction, Conhecimento (single or multiple), Cancel, and Return.
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Nota Fiscal in MM - NF Type Configuration (contnd.) Information for invoice verification – NF partner function (main partner for Nota Fiscal header) – NF partner type: – Vendor – Branch – Customer – NF record type (for special processes, for example, third-party deliveries, future deliveries, consignments) – Text key (determination of automatic texts – IPI return handling) Nota Fiscal form – This form is needed to print the Nota Fiscal (see Nota Fiscal Form). Nota Fiscal model – The Nota Fiscal model is used to create legal files.
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Nota Fiscal in MM – Integration in INVOICE VERIFICATION Invoice Verification can automatically create a Nota Fiscal Standard SAP R/3 supports two different types of invoice verification. Only Logistics Invoice Verification (LIV) supports the integrated creation of a Nota Fiscal Invoice Verification only creates a Nota Fiscal if a Nota Fiscal type is entered in the invoice verification header screen – Only one Nota Fiscal is possible for one invoice/goods receipt. Therefore, it is recommended to use the SAP R/3 function Goods receipt based invoice verification.
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Nota Fiscal in MM – Integration in INVOICE VERIFICATION CFOP Determination – To make automatic Nota Fiscal creation possible, it is necessary to determine the CFOP code Customizing – Assign a CFOP code to a combination of the fields: • Direction of movement • Destination CFOP category • Material CFOP category • Item type • Special case for CFOP determination Substituição tributária Normal – All fields are mandatory for automatic CFOP determination. In addition, you can specify the following two fields. • Usage of the material • Branch CFOP category
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Nota Fiscal in MM – Integration in INVOICE VERIFICATION CFOP is determined in invoice verification based on a complex table which major variants are: – direction of movement (incoming or outgoing) – destination category (same state, different state or different country) – material category (material, electricity, communication or transportation) – Nota Fiscal record type (normal, transfer shipment, returnable packaging shipment, subcontracting, future delivery, consignment, third party) – usage of material (resale, industrialization, consumption or asset) – Branch CFOP category (industry, electric co., communication co., transport co., service co., consumer industry) If Invoice Verification cannot determine a CFOP via the table CFOP determination, a CFOP must be entered manually. This must be done during the Nota Fiscal dialog
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Nota Fiscal in MM – Integration in INVOICE VERIFICATION Required preparation in Purchase Order: – Nota fiscal creation in Invoice Verification is only possible with a reference to a purchase order (direct or indirect reference). – R/3 requires special Brazilian fields when creating a purchase order. The information is either derived from the material master (in case of material items) or must be entered (in case of non- material items). – The required fields include: • Material group to determine NBM code (only for nonmaterial items) • Material usage • Material origin • Indicator Produced in-house • Material CFOP category – Note: These fields are not relevant for service
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Nota Fiscal in MM – Integration in INVOICE VERIFICATION For incoming Notas Fiscais, it is necessary to enter the Nota Fiscal Number given by the issuer (vendor/supplier) There are two ways to enter the Nota Fiscal number: – Specify the Nota Fiscal number in the Goods Receipt transaction in the field Delivery note. In this case, the Nota Fiscal number can be used in Invoice Verification to select the relevant data of the goods receipt. The field value is transferred automatically to the Nota Fiscal number. – Specify the Nota Fiscal number in Invoice Verification in the field Reference doc. This is only necessary for Goods receipts without a Nota Fiscal number. It is recommended to make the field mandatory for document types which require input in the field Reference doc. Number formatting requirements (Legal) – to be reviewed e-NF – The following input formats are allowed: • xxxxxx • xxxxxx-sss • xxxxxx-Suu xxxxxx Nota fiscal number sss Series (without subseries) S Series (letter between A and Z) uu Subseries
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Nota Fiscal in MM – Integration in INVOICE VERIFICATION Tax calculation and posting – ICMS, IPI and withholding taxes are calculated and booked to G/L taxes accounts and Legal Books IPI – For purchases operations IPI is calculated based on: • NCM code identified at material master • tax code defined at purchase order – IPI is booked in accounting and Legal Books at time of invoice verification posting – IPI tax is calculated only in case of manufactured goods
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Nota Fiscal in MM – Integration in INVOICE VERIFICATION ICMS – For purchases ICMS is calculated based on: • Jurisdiction Code defined at vendor master data (to define rate) • Jurisdiction Code define at plant address data (to define rate) • tax code defined at purchase order – ICMS is booked in accounting and Legal Books at invoice verification posting – ICMS is calculated based on goods movement and services (e.g. freight) Withholding Tax – Withholding tax field in Vendor Master identify if WT should be calculated or not – Withholding tax can be booked in two different moments: – Posted during invoice verification / FI invoice posting or at time of Invoice payment / Down Payment – Services are classified by fiscal codes (e.g. code 1708, 3205).
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Nota Fiscal in MM – Integration in INVOICE VERIFICATION The Nota Fiscal Dialog in Invoice Verification, allows change of the following Nota Fiscal values: – Tax law ICMS, Tax law IPI, CFOP code, Tax base amount, excluded base amount, and other base amount, Tax rate, Tax value, Discount, Insurance, Other expenses, Observation field (used for instance to refer to external documents), Item texts You cannot change values for price, freight and total, because price is calculated from value and quantity and freight and total are derived from the invoice. Changing these values is only possible via the invoice verification screen. All changes at Nota Fiscal level are lost if you subsequently change the invoice data in Invoice Verification after changing Nota Fiscal data. The system raises a warning when doing so. Changes are only possible during the invoice verification dialog. You can not use the Nota Fiscal Writer (Tx J1B2) to change Notas Fiscais created by invoice verification, except for the Observation field. If the original MM document has already been canceled, you can cancel the Nota Fiscal that goes with it using the Nota Fiscal Writer
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Nota Fiscal in MM –Integration in INVOICE VERIFICATION Specifically for changes to Nota Fiscals created via MM-LIV: – You cannot change the values for price, freight, or total on the Nota Fiscal screen – since the system calculates the price based on the value and quantity, and it derives the freight and total from the invoice. You can, however, change these values on the invoice verification screen. – Any changes you make on the Nota Fiscal level will be lost if you change them subsequently on the invoice level.
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Nota Fiscal in MM – Integration in INVENTORY MANAGEMENT Goods Movement transactions can automatically create Notas Fiscais. This is required for Nota Fiscal relevant movements that are not entered in Invoice Verification (MM) or Billing (SD) For every material document, only one Nota Fiscal can be generated. The Nota Fiscal is automatically created by the Goods Movement transaction, if the movement type is marked NF Relevant Goods Movement Material Document Nota Fiscal 1:1
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Nota Fiscal in MM – Integration in INVENTORY MANAGEMENT Nota Fiscal creation is activated through the customizing table Nota Fiscal item relevance and type determination by movement type Attachment: Comparison of Brazil-specific movement types versus standard SAP R/3
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Nota Fiscal in MM – Integration in INVENTORY MANAGEMENT CFOP Determination – In the case of goods receipt, the R/3 System determines the CFOP in the same way as in Invoice Verification – In the case of goods issue, the R/3 System determines the CFOP in the same way as in Billing Nota Fiscal Number – For incoming Notas Fiscais, it is necessary to enter the Nota Fiscal number given by the issuer – Enter the Nota Fiscal number in the field Material slip – Formatting requirements identical to Invoice Verification Reference Nota Fiscal Number for Returns – In case of returns, it is necessary to specify the reference Nota Fiscal number. Enter the reference Nota Fiscal number in the field Doc. header text. Purchase order print layout – Standard layout does not include taxes – SAP Script development is necessary
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Nota Fiscal in MM – Integration in INVENTORY MANAGEMENT Taxes in Inventory Management – In certain cases taxes are due when moving goods in inventory management: • Plant to Plant Transfer with Taxes • Future Delivery • Valuation of Vendor Stock (Consignment, Subcontracting) – Inventory management can calculate and post taxes in the accounting document. – In order to have the system perform tax calculation, a tax code must be entered in each material document (line) item
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Nota Fiscal in MM – Integration in INVENTORY MANAGEMENT Taxes in Inventory Management (contnd.) – Several tax codes must be defined to support Brazilian tax requirements and fiscal operations. – These configurations include tax calculation and automatic posting to G/L tax accounts and Legal Books – Some tax code examples for inbound movements: • C0 Inp. Consumption: No tax • C1 Inp. Consumption: ICMS + CompICMS only • C2 Inp. Consumption: ICMS + CompICMS + S.T. • C3 Inp. Consumption: ICMS + CompICMS + IPI • C4 Inp. Consumption: ICMS + CompICMS + S.T. + IPI • I0 Inp. Industrialization: No tax • I1 Inp. Industrialization: ICMS only • I2 Inp. Industrialization: ICMS + Sub.Trib. • I3 Inp. Industrialization: ICMS + IPI • Etc.
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Nota Fiscal in MM – Integration in INVENTORY MANAGEMENT The Nota Fiscal dialog integrated in inventory management allows changes for the following fields. – Tax law ICMS – Tax law IPI – CFOP code – Tax base amount, excluded base amount, and other base amount – Tax rate – Tax value Please note that all these fields can be in principle be determined automatically
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration MM - Special Cases Returns to vendors Stock transfers between plants of the same company code Subcontracting Consignment / Valuation of Vendor stock Future deliveries Imports Returnable transport packaging Third party handling / triangle setup customer Freight - Conhecimento de transporte Stock in third party warehouse Inventory write-offs Nota Fiscal for Telephone, Electrical Energy and Telecomunications Receiving of Notas fiscais complementares and correction letters Other receipts not based in Purchase orders (borrowing, free charge, donation, return of repair, etc) Scrapping
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Standard Purchasing Process Accounting Purchase Requisition User Accounts Payable Nota Fiscal Vendor MRP Purchase Order Goods Receipt Invoice Verification Fiscal Books Tax Code Quotation Outline Agreement Tax Code Tax Code Accounting Purchase Requisition User Accounts Payable Nota Fiscal Vendor MRP Purchase Order Goods Receipt Invoice Verification Fiscal Books Tax Code Quotation Outline Agreement Tax Code Tax Code
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Special Cases – Returns to Vendor Accounting Credit Note / Nota Fiscal User Accounts payable Vendor Goods issue Fiscal books Reference to PO Accounting Credit Note / Nota Fiscal User Accounts payable Vendor Goods issue Fiscal books Reference to PO
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Special Cases – Two-Step Stock Transfer Accounting Nota Fiscal Accounting (Taxes only) Nota Fiscal Accounting Nota Fiscal Fiscal Books Tax Code Plant 1 Goods Issue Plant 2 Goods Receipt Tax Code Accounting (Taxes only) Nota Fiscal Fiscal Books Accounting Nota Fiscal Fiscal Books Tax Code Plant 1 Goods Issue Plant 2 Goods Receipt Tax Code Accounting (Taxes only) Nota Fiscal Fiscal Books
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Special Cases – Two-Step Stock Transfer A plant to plant transfer is an important example for a Nota Fiscal relevant inventory management business process involving two NF relevant movement types: – Movement type 833: Goods issue from issuing plant. Enter tax code A0, A1, A3 or B0 at item level. – Movement type 835: Goods receipt at receiving plant. Enter the Nota Fiscal number as delivery note and the corresponding tax code I0, I1, I3 or C0 at item level The net item value, which should be printed on the Nota Fiscal, of the sending plant is defaulted. Prerequisites: – Both a vendor master and a customer master must be defined and assigned to the plants that use above movements. – Account assignments for process GBB and offset TRA
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Special Cases – Stock Transfer with Transfer Order Accounting Nota Fiscal Purchase Order User Tax Code Fiscal Books Tax Code Goods Issue Plant 1 Plant 2 Goods Receipt Tax Code Nota Fiscal Fiscal Books MM MM SD SD Purchase Order User Tax Code Fiscal Books Tax Code Goods Issue Plant 1 Plant 2 Goods Receipt Tax Code Nota Fiscal Fiscal Books MM MM SD SD
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Special Cases – Stock Transfer with Transfer Order To use internal stock transfers from plant to plant, 2 new movement types have been created to post a stock transfer using MRP: – Movement type 862 for goods issue – Movement type 861 for good receipt To post a stock transfer using MRP: – Create a stock transfer order in the receiving plant in MM (ME21N) – Generate a delivery document in SD (i.e.Transaction VL10B) – Perform picking, packing, and posting of a goods issue in SD (Transaction VL02N) – Print the outgoing Nota Fiscal (Transaction J1B3N) – Post a goods receipt in MM (Transaction MIGO), for example using movement type 861
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Special Cases – Subcontracting Accounting Purchase Order User Accounts Payable Nota Fiscal (Faturamento de Materiais + Retorno Simbólico de Componentes) Vendor MRP Goods Receipt Invoice Verification Fiscal Books Tax Code Goods Issue Nota Fiscal de Simples Remessa (Componentes) Accounting Purchase Order User Accounts Payable Nota Fiscal (Faturamento de Materiais + Retorno Simbólico de Componentes) Vendor MRP Goods Receipt Invoice Verification Fiscal Books Tax Code Goods Issue Nota Fiscal de Simples Remessa (Componentes)
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Special Cases – Future Delivery Accounting Purchase Order User Accounts Payable Vendor MRP Goods Receipt Invoice Verification Fiscal Books Nota Fiscal Tax Code Accounting Purchase Order User Accounts Payable Vendor MRP Goods Receipt Invoice Verification Fiscal Books Nota Fiscal Tax Code
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Purchase Order Process Integration Special Cases – Imports Accounting Purchase Order User Accounts Payable Vendor MRP Goods Receipt Invoice Verification Fiscal Books Nota Fiscal Tax Code Accounting Purchase Order User Accounts Payable Vendor MRP Goods Receipt Invoice Verification Fiscal Books Nota Fiscal Tax Code
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Brazil in SAP R/3 Process Integration FI/CO
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Finance Specific Scenarios Accounts Receivable & Collections Accounts Payable and Payments Product Costing Asset Management Legal Books and Files Preparation
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Accounts Receivable & Collections
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Accounts Receivable & Collections Scenario : Accounts Receivable Collections This scenario describes the activities flow regarding the execution of accounts receivable collections with files generation and exchange with banks (Itaú and Bradesco) and Interchange. Define & Maintain Data Forecast Order Handling Purchasing Planning Production Shipping & Logistics Invoice & Payment Claims & Feedback Inquiry & Quotation Execute Work Inventory Finance
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Accounts Receivable & Collections Duplicata – An essential element of accounts receivable in Brazil is the concept of “duplicata”. For each debit liability the vendor collects the expected money with the active help of its house banks. For this purpose, information on the liability must be passed to the respective bank. This information is called “duplicata”. – Duplicatas can be generated and processed automatically (in local currency), including duplicatas from installments and credit memos. Duplicatas are generated regardless of whether the originating invoice was posted automatically from the SD module or manually entered directly in FI module. – The “duplicata” information is based on the related open items and is extended through additional information such as the instruction key. The information returned by the bank can be electronically processed. – All duplicata information can be sent through the application of the standard payment program to selected house banks via payment list (Bordero) or DME (Arquivo Remessa). – The information returned by the bank can be electronically processed (Arquivo retorno). This process is called “cobrança escritural”. – Interest on overdue invoices can be calculated and posted automatically.
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Accounts Receivable & Collections Customer Master Data – Customer master maintenance follows standard procedures. However, for Brazil, you must maintain the following fields: • Interest calculation indicator • This indicator is used to charge interest payment for overdue items. • Individual payment • This must be entered because a “duplicata” is created for each open item. Fatura – A company usually issues Notas Fiscais Faturas which double functions as both Nota Fiscal and Invoice. – However, few companies create separate Notas Fiscais and separate invoices (Faturas), which is supported by SAP – A Fatura can possibly be a summarization of all Notas Fiscais for that customer for a certain period. This kind of Fatura printing is however not supported in standard SAP or Country Solution
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Accounts Receivable & Collections Bill of Exchange Payment Request – Duplicata creation is represented by a standard R/3 payment method, namely the creation of a bill of exchange payment request. As for any other R/3 payment method, specifications have to be customized country and company code dependent. – When running the payment program for the duplicata creation, one bill of exchange payment request is created for each open item. This BOE is only a statistical document in the context of the Brazilian localization. It has two main function: • It labels the related item as being processed, meaning it indicates that the duplicata has been created. Thus, no second duplicata is created for this specific item when running the payment program again. • It carries the information on the selected bank.
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Accounts Receivable & Collections Print Programs and Forms for Payment Transfer Media – The following Brazilian-specific print program must be entered in the country dependent customizing of all payment methods that are used to create duplicatas. As part of localization, payment methods A is already customizing this way: • RFFOBR_A This program prints a duplicata list or a DME (Data Medium exchange/Arquivo Remessa) file containing all duplicata information. The following Brazilian-specific payment transfer media must be customized per company code. J_1B_DUPLICATA: Duplicata list
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Accounts Receivable & Collections Data Medium Exchange (Arquivo Remessa) – Bank File Format – Cobrança Itaú – Cobrança Bradesco – Febraban/Cnab Instruction Code – The instruction code specifies further processing of the duplicata. Basic instruction codes are part of the localization Brazil. However, if required, additional instruction codes may be added though customizing. • Instruction Code 1 = Codigo de ocorrencia • Instruction Code 2/3 = Instruções de cobrança – The instruction code can be entered into each individual item, when creating a duplicata the entered instruction code is transported into the duplicata. If there is no instruction code entry in the open item, instruction code defaults (e.g. REMESSA) are set either through the customer master or the respective house bank.
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Accounts Receivable & Collections SAP Query – A report on issued duplicates in the form of a SAP Query is part of the localization for Brazil. This specific SAP Query is called DU. It is linked to the functional area / SAPQUERY/J1B1 and the user group /SAPQUERY/XX. – This report covers the legal requirements for the ´Registro de Duplicatas a receber´ such as reporting due date, duplicata issue date, gross amount, customer name/street and amount. The list is sorted by due date. You can select via customer, company code, due date, issue date and document number.
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Customer Bank / Interchange Supplier Register Receivables in SAP Generate file to banks w/o posting Collections Carry out collection routine Generate collections file w/ client’s payments Integrate collections file w/ payment postings -Automatic file generation Print ”boleto” Receive ”boleto” Proceed ”boleto” payment Collections Updated -Automatic payment confirmation and posting in accounting Sales Operations Accounts Receivable & Collections
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Customer Bank / Interchange Supplier Accounts Receivable & Collections Register Receivables in SAP Generate file to banks w/o posting Collections Carry out collection routine Integrate collections file w/ payment postings Receive ”boleto” Proceed ”boleto” payment -Each bank has its own file layout -Configuration and extensive testing involving bank’s folks at its system environment for testing is needed -Development is required -Each bank has its own file layout Configuration and extensive testing involving bank’s folks and testing environment -Development is required - Sap script development form Sales Operations Print ”boleto” Generate collections file w/ client’s payments Collections Updated
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Account Receivable - Specific Scenarios Accounts posting Accounts Receivable Nota Fiscal Customer Boleto Payment program Duplicatas file Bordero Bank Bank issues the BOLETO Accounts posting Accounts Receivable Nota Fiscal Customer Boleto Payment program Duplicatas file Bordero Bank Bank issues the BOLETO
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Account Receivable - Specific Scenarios Accounts posting Accounts Receivable Nota Fiscal Customer Boleto Payment program Duplicatas file Bordero Lubrizol issues the BOLETO Accounts posting Accounts Receivable Nota Fiscal Customer Boleto Payment program Duplicatas file Bordero Lubrizol issues the BOLETO Bank
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Account Receivable - Specific Scenarios Bank Return file Import R/3 (Treasury) Automatic posting Posting error log Return file Bank Return file Import R/3 (Treasury) Automatic posting Posting error log Return file
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Reminder of Key Points Complex payment program configuration for collections ABAP development is needed in order to generate files and “boleto” form Extensive testing with banks folks involved since the beginning of the project. High level of interaction with banks is needed Electronic/Manual Extracts
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Accounts Payable and Payments
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Accounts Payable and Payments Scenario : Accounts Payable and Payments This scenario describes the activities flow regarding documents registering in Accounts Payable through the utilization of bar code reader device and also payments execution with files generation and exchange with banks. Define & Maintain Data Forecast Order Handling Purchasing Planning Production Shipping & Logistics Invoice & Payment Claims & Feedback Inquiry & Quotation Execute Work Inventory Finance
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Accounts Payable The localization Brazil supports Fatura creation and payments in local currency via pre-numbered checks, Payment list (Bordero), and DME files (Arquivo remessa). The system also supports the optional handling of received Boletos A vendor invoice (Fatura) can be posted automatically from the MM module or can be manually created directly in FI Localization Brazil supports the exchange of files between the company and local banks, which are responsible for paying vendor invoices (Faturas) Payments can be done manually or automatically by sending a file to the house bank. This process is called “pagamento escritural”
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Accounts Payable Vendor Master Records – From an A/P perspective for Brazil, you must maintain the following fields in the vendor master: • Partner bank type in order to enter the vendor’s bank into the open item. • Bank address • When paying in general individually, use the indicator Individual payment. • For vendors that send Boletos, the maintenance of payment terms with payment block.
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Boleto Forms
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Bank Transfer Bank Transfer: – The following Brazilian-specific print program must be entered in the country dependent customizing of all payment methods that are used to create bank transfers. As part of localization, payment methods U and N are already customizing this way: • RFFOBR_U This program prints a payment list (Bordero) or a DME (Data Medium exchange/Arquivo Remessa) file containing all payment information. • The following Brazilian-specific payment transfer must be customized per company code. J_1B_BORDERO: Payment list J_1B_DME: accompanying sheet
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Bank File Formats Bank File Formats: – Brazilian localization supports the following bank file formats for DME: SISPAG Itaú PFEB Bradesco FEBRABAN/CNAB
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Payment Forms The Brazilian localization supports all Brazilian-specific payment forms summarized in the table below. For each of the both payment forms 02 and 10, a respective payment method has to be defined country dependent as a copy of the released payment method U (bank transfer) with a corresponding entry (02 or 10, respectively) in the field key in code line. For payments without boleto, that is, for payment forms 01, 02, 03 and 10, any entry in the field Key in code line overwrites the automatic selection. However, if the field barcode number is entered into the open item, the resulting Payment form is 30 or 31 pending on the above conditions and the field key in code line is of no relevance. House bank and partner bank are identified by the first three digits of the entered barcode number.
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved SPB - Brazilian Payment System SPB – The law that controls the new Brazilian Payment System is Law 10.214, March 27th of 2001. – Payment systems is a set of rules, procedures, instruments and operating systems integrated used to transfer funds from payer to receiver. – The objective is to reduce the credit risk and liquidity. The payment system will make transfers and payments between economic agencies safer and efficient, with benefits that will be reflected in the companies and people and in the perception outside of Brazil decreasing the risk for Brazil. – Nowadays customers transfer their resources using checks or DOCs. By this way, the money is just available after the traditional clearing that lasts at least one day. – Starting on April, 22nd of 2002, the new Brazilian Payment System allows the customers to transfer the money, in the same day, for payments and other purposes in a safer way and it will not take so long as the tradition clearing system.
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved SPB - Brazilian Payment System TED – The new SPB offers a new transfer option from one bank to the other named as Transferência Eletrônica Disponível – TED. Through TED the amount will be credited in the bank account and it will be available as soon as the bank receives the transfer message. – Transfer options: • STR – huge amount interbanks • Clearing / Payments – big / medium amount via electronic payments • Compe – checks, DOCs below R$5.000,00 in retail
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved SPB - Brazilian Payment System Definitions : – STR – Sistema de Transferência de Reservas The Transfer of Funds System manages the funds transfer between financial institutions (STR) in real time, managed by the Central Bank of Brazil. The system will check the bank fund account balance and rejects the debits greater than the bank account balance. The customer can transfer funds from his own bank account to other bank using STR. – COMPE - Compensação de cheques e outros Papéis This system is responsible for check clearing and other papers, it is managed by Banco do Brasil. The objective is to remove from Compe the critical payments or high value payments, as well as other payments that can be done by STR. – CIP – Câmara Interbancária de Pagamentos The payment clearing is managed by the Banks for values higher than R$5.000,00 and the liquidation is done in the end of the day. The objective of Clearing House is to liquidate payments in a faster way, secure and cheaper than traditional liquidation system.
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Bank / Interchange Customer Supplier Accounts Payable and Payments Generate file to banks w/ posting Generate ”boleto” Payments Carry out payment routine Generate payment confirmation file Integrate confirmation file -Automatic file generation -Automatic payment confirmation of payments Purchase/ Goods Mov.Op. -Automatic document posting without typing Pass ”boleto” onto bar code reader Register Payable in SAP
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Bank / Interchange Customer Supplier Accounts Payable and Payments Pass ”boleto” onto bar code reader Generate file to banks w/ posting Generate ”boleto” Carry out payment routine Generate payment confirmation file -Each bank has its own file layout -Configuration and extensive testing involving bank’s folks at its system environment for testing is needed -Development is required -Each bank has its own file layout (Itaú, Bradesco and Interchange) -Configuration and extensive testing involving bank’s folks and testing environment -Development is required -Acquire appropriate bar code device -Configuration and extensive testing Register Payable in SAP Purchase/ Goods Mov. Op. Integrate confirmation file Payments
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Reminder of Key Points Bar code reader device utilization Complex payment program configuration Extensive testing with banks involved since the beginning of the project High level of interaction with banks is needed Electronic/Manual Extracts
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration EDI (with Banks) and Financial Functionalities Setting up EDI with banks requires a lot of testing to get the sending and receiving of files with each bank right, mainly because each bank has a different file lay-out SAP does not calculate interest by “Compound Interest" method for customers invoices overdue SPB (The new Brazilian Payment System) Financial documents supported, e.g. Boleto, Borderos, etc.
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration EDI (with Banks) and Financial Functionalities Accounts Payable A/P Electronic Bank Statement EBS Accounts Receivable A/R SAP R/3 A/P File BANK A/P File Sent A/P file to Bank Receive A/P error file from Bank BANK EBS File SAP R/3 Receive EBS from Bank Load EBS in SAP R/3 (Tx FF.5) SAP R/3 A/R File BANK A/R File Sent A/R file to Bank (Bill of Exchange) Return A/R (a): Boleto A/R File Return A/R (b): Postings Load in SAP R/3 (Tx FF.5) Load in SAP R/3 (Tx FF.5) F110 F110
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Product Costing
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Controlling - Product Costing Real Cost Method is mandatory. The use and display of standard costs in Legal Books is not acceptable from a legal perspective Since the solution is based on full absorption cost with every production material being managed at Moving average price (MAP), which is actually the legal requirement in Brazil regarding Cost Accounting, the solution is compliant and can be used for LUBRIZOL Brazil Actual cost can be determined on the end of period (month) Possible to collect actual productive cost center balances and distribute them (proportionally) to the production cost Average prices are updated and specific G/L accounts are posted
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Asset Management
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration AM Asset Management It’s important to mention that assets control in Brazil is treated through SAP standard functionality however there is an specific topic called CIAP. It addresses to the ICMS recovering of assets purchased for utilization at productive process. It’s a legal requirement represented by specific legal book and rules for its calculation. AM module can be managed in multiple currencies. AM provides acquisitions, write-offs and depreciation calculations AM posts automatically monthly depreciation and gain or loss on assets sales when it happens
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Legal Books and Files Preparation
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Legal Books and Files Preparation Scenario : Legal Books and Files Preparation This scenario describes the activities necessaries to address Brazilian Legal and Tax requirements through legal books and files preparation. It’s important to mention that most of sales, purchases and goods movement have tax impact in the books and files and based on these data repositories, taxes are calculated to be paid. There are three taxes levels: country, state and city levels. Define & Maintain Data Forecast Order Handling Purchasing Planning Production Shipping & Logistics Invoice & Payment Claims & Feedback Inquiry & Quotation Execute Work Inventory Finance
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Legal Books and Legal Files Long list of legally required tax reports and files SAP R/3 provides a number of these reports, but – Not all legal books and legal files are covered – Legal books not available for every State (currently only SP Sao Paulo supported) – Not in required format (only core part of report, none of additionally required legal book elements supported) Third-party software is available and strongly recommended (versus in- house development) Third-party software does not completely eliminate the configuration effort in SAP SPED is mandatory
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Legal Books and Legal Files The Legal Books are in fact a number of registers that need to be maintained related to the Nota Fiscal. Must be printed out in various frequencies (e.g. monthly / bi-weekly / every 10 days), must kept on file, and must be presented to the authorities in case of an audit. All entries in these registers are in principle derived from transactional data (i.e. Nota Fiscais) Some Legal Books do not have to be printed out or retained in paper format, but can be prepared on request and/or and when necessary in case of an audit by the Brazilian Tax Authorities.
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Customer Authorities Supplier Legal Books and Files Preparation Register ”Nota Fiscal” at tax tables within SAP Send files as required Generate Legal Books Send ”Nota Fiscal” Send ”Nota Fiscal” Generate Legal Files Receive and book “Nota Fiscal” Sales Operations Purchase / Goods Mov. Operations Calculate tax to be paid Display books as required Accounting books and reports Bolt-on Prepare ”Guias de Recolhim.” Accounts Payable - Configuration of all fiscal variations - Extensive testing of all fiscal variations of sales and purchases operations - Bolt-on implementation in parallel with SAP - ABAP development of Interface between SAP and Bolt-on (e.g. Mastersaf, Syncro, Aspen-Sati) -Legal files and Books generation through Bolt-on - Manual workaround for Fiscal and Accounting issues not treated even by Bolt-on
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Legal Books and Files Preparation The Solution: Tax configuration with high level of complexity: IPI – for purchases operations IPI is calculated based on: • NCM code identified at material master • Tax code defined at purchase order • It’s booked in accounting and Legal Books at invoice verification posting • Tax calculated only at manufactured goods • Tax accounts by plant – for sales operations IPI is calculated based on: • NCM code identified at material master • Tax code defined at sales order • It’s booked in accounting and Legal Books at billing document posting • Necessity of releasing billing documents which accounting documents weren’t booked • Tax calculated only at manufactured goods • Tax accounts by plant ICMS – for purchases ICMS is calculated based on: • Jurisdiction Code defined at vendor master data (to define rate) • Jurisdiction Code define at plant address data (to define rate) • Tax code defined at purchase order • It’s booked in accounting and Legal Books at invoice verification posting • Tax calculated based on goods movement and services (e.g. freight) • Tax accounts by plant
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Legal Books and Files Preparation The Solution: – for sales ICMS is calculated based on: • Jurisdiction Code defined at customer master data (to define rate) • Jurisdiction Code define at plant address data (to define rate) • tax code defined at purchase order • It’s booked in accounting and Legal Books at billing document posting • Necessity of releasing billing documents which accounting documents weren’t booked • Tax calculated based on goods movement and services (e.g. freight) • Tax accounts by plant Withholding Tax (IRRF and ISS on services purchases) – WT field in Vendor Master identify if WT should be calculated or not – WT can be booked in two different moments: • during invoice verification / FI invoice posting or • Invoice payment / Down Payment – Services are classified by fiscal codes (e.g. code 1708, 3205). Standard Sap report by code is developed to reach this necessity. ISS – for services sales ISS is calculated based on: • ISS tax code defined at sales order • It’s booked in accounting and Legal Books at billing document posting • Necessity of releasing billing documents which accounting documents weren’t booked
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Legal Books and Files Preparation The Solution: – Third-party software bolt-on for legal books below: • Mod-1 Registro de Entradas (List of incoming documents) • Mod-2 Registro de Saídas (List of outgoing documents) • Mod-3 Controle de produção (Overview of production and inventory) • Mod-7 Registro de Inventário (Physical of inventory overview) • Mod-8 Registro de Apuração do IPI (Directory for calculating IPI tax) • Mod-9 Registro de Apuração do ICMS (Directory for calculating ICMS tax) • Listagem Operações Interestaduais (List of interestate goods movements) • Livro Diário (with historical description) • Livro Razão (with historical description) • Razão Auxiliar de Fornecedores (Statement for Vendor accounts) • Razão Auxiliar de Clientes (Statement for Customers accounts) • Registro de Duplicatas a Receber (List of open items to receive) • GIA Guia de Informação e Apuração (Tax payment form)
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Legal Books and Files Preparation The Solution (Cont.): – Third-party software bolt-on for legal files below: • Arquivo Magnético Convênio ICMS no. 57/95 (file as per law ICMS) • DIRF • IN 86 (Master data, documents files and tables) • LALUR (Taxable Income Control Register) • DOAR (Source and Funds) • Mutações do Patrimonio Liquido (Equity Moviment) • Lucros ou Prejuízos Acumulados (Retained Earnings Demonstration) • PIS (Employees Profit Participation Program) and COFINS (Tax for Social Security Financing) calculation • IR (Income Tax): Provision, normal calculation, and calculation with indirect benefits SPED replaced all reports and legal books into one single solution.
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Bolt-ons
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Bolt-ons Legal Books Export/ Import
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Bolt-ons Objectives : – Generate the Legal Books according to the Federal, State and City laws – Calculate the amounts to be paid, issue the legal documents (“guias” or forms) and generate electronic files, when applied Notes : – SAP provides the Legal Books – based on São Paulo state only – It is necessary to issue the other books / same books for other states – Most clients decide to use specialized bolt-on systems to support these legal requirements – Even with these bolt-on systems it’s absolutely necessary to do all the configurations in the SAP side – Bolt-ons just get the information from SAP and put it into the specific lay-outs, according to the current legislation Legal Books
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Bolt-ons Effort : – Dependant on the fiscal requirements of the company – Should start at the Realization phase • Resources : – Business input – tax resources – Designers – tax resources – Specialists – bolt-on specialists • Options : – Mastersaf – Aspen-Sati (Procwork) – Syncro – . . . Legal Books
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Objectives : – Export Data Bases – Control Export Orders and Shipments – Processes Follow-Up – Issue Documents – Export Exchange Control – Issue Reports – Generate daily and monthly accounting postings Export Bolt-ons
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Objectives : – Import documentation – from the Import Order to the issue of the Receipt Fiscal Invoice – Import Data Bases – Issue Documents – Follow-up reports – Import exchange control – Generate daily and monthly accounting postings Note : – The physical receipt, as well as the fiscal and accounting receipt are not included in the scope but may be executed in SAP Import Bolt-ons
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Effort : – High – Should start at the Realization phase Resources : – Business input – import/export resources – Designers – import/export resources – Specialists – bolt-on specialists Options : – Bergen – Aspen – CE (Procwork) – Bysoft – Average – . . . Export / Import Bolt-ons
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved SPED & NF-e
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved SPED Concept Brazilian Federal project together with other state brazilian authorities such as State Finance Secretary, Central Bank, CVM (SEC-like), SUSEP, etc., to harmonize and standardize fiscal and financial information throughout different states. 3 key features – NF-e : Nota Fiscal Eletrônica (Electronic Nota Fiscal) – EFD : Escrituração Fiscal Digital (Electronic Fiscal Posting) – ECD : Escrituração Contábil Digital (Electronic Financial Posting) Legislation SPED – Decreto 6.022 de janeiro de 2007, specify the SPED – Convênio ICMS 143/ 2006, specify the Electronic Fiscal Posting (EFD) – Ato Cotepe 82/ 2006, specify the generation of EFD file
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Electronic Nota Fiscal (NF-e) DANFE: fiscal protocol to accompany the products * DANFe - Documento Auxiliar da Nota Fiscal Eletrônica XML (Modelo 55) + = DANFE*
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Send NF-e SEFAZ SEFAZ Ship Ship- -from from Ship Ship- -from from Ship Ship- -to to SEFAZ SEFAZ Ship Ship- -to to XML Receiving and Validation SEFAZ “Ship-From” sends NF-e to SEFAZ “Ship-To” SEFAZ Authorizes NF-e Yes Goods issue with DANFE No XML Rejected or Authorization Denied Contingency Cancelation Correction and resend Yes 2 1 3 3 4 DANFE “Security” Pre- printed Form 5 6 & & Federal Authority Federal Authority X X Send NF-e SEFAZ SEFAZ Ship Ship- -from from SEFAZ SEFAZ Ship Ship- -from from Ship Ship- -from from Ship Ship- -to to SEFAZ SEFAZ Ship Ship- -to to XML Receiving and Validation SEFAZ “Ship-From” sends NF-e to SEFAZ “Ship-To” SEFAZ Authorizes NF-e Yes Goods issue with DANFE No XML Rejected or Authorization Denied Contingency Cancelation Correction and resend Yes 2 2 1 1 3 3 3 3 4 4 DANFE “Security” Pre- printed Form 5 5 6 6 & & Federal Authority Federal Authority X X
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved NF-e Process STATE SECRETARY (SHIP-From->SHIP-To-> FEDERAL DEPT.) LUBRIZOL BRAZIL (ISSUER) Order Authorize Process Nota Fiscal NFe-1 PROT Processed Queue PROT REC NFe-1 Receive Authorize CUSTOMER Goods Rec Inv Rec
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© The Lubrizol
Corporation 2011, all rights reserved THANK YOU for your participation!
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Appendix Brazilian Taxes Calculation
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Tax Calculation Localization for Brazil supports the automatic calculation of the following taxes: – IPI – ICMS – Complement of ICMS – Substituição Tributária – ISS (outgoing) – INSS – Withholding taxes – ISSF – IRRF – FUNRURAL/FCPS All taxes are dependent on one or more parameters such as material, NBM code, ship-to and ship-from location, etc.
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved IPI Imposto Sobre Produtos Industrializados – IPI is a federal tax applied when selling, transferring, etc. goods. – The percentage rate and the base value of IPI depends on several factors: • Usage of the goods Usage determines how the amounts are posted in purchasing. If a material is used for production, the tax amounts are posted to separate line items. If a material is used for consumption, the taxes are seen as non-deductible. The IPI amount is added to the value of the material and can not be recovered. If a material is used for reselling, the IPI tax value is not deductible but added to the inventory value. • NBM code: IPI is applied per product and calculated from the goods value including ICMS. The rate depends on a product classification called NBM code. For some products, IPI is calculated on a reduced base. Process Integration Tax Calculation – IPI
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Contnd. – Material: NBM dependent codes can be overwritten by specific material dependent codes as exceptions. – Customer: Companies can be exempted from IPI. This is only relevant for SD. See the tax law IPI in blue above. – Vendor: If the vendor is not an industry equivalent company, half of the IPI amount is deducted from the inventory value and the other half of the IPI amount is posted to deductible IPI. This is only relevant for MM. Process Integration Tax Calculation – IPI
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Tax Calculation – IPI For purchase operations the IPI is derived from the following parameters and tables: – FI tax code: The FI tax code carries the information to determine whether IPI must be calculated. – Vendor master: The indicator Not ind. equivalent controls how IPI is posted for vendors which are not industry equivalent companies. – IPI rate tables per NBM code and per material: When calculating the tax, the system tries to first find a material dependent rate. If no material dependent rate exists, the calculation uses the NBM-code dependent rate. In both cases, IPI rates are defined date-dependent. You can define the fields tax rate, tax base, indicator for Other Base, and tax law per material and per NBM code. If no rate can be found in the table IPI rates, the IPI tax rate is taken from Default rates
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Tax Calculation – IPI For sales operations the IPI rate is derived from the following parameters and tables in SD: – SD tax codes: The SD pricing procedure uses the indicator Calculate IPI of the SD tax code to determine whether IPI must be calculated. SD tax codes are specified in the sales order on line level. – Customer master: A customer can be exempted from IPI. Use the indicator IPI exempt for customers who are not obligated to pay IPI. – IPI rate tables per NBM code and per material: When calculating the tax, the system tries to first find a material dependent rate. If no material dependent rate exists, the calculation uses the NBM-code dependent rate. In both cases, IPI rates are defined date-dependent. You can define the fields tax rate, tax base, indicator for Other Base, and tax law per material and per NBM code. If no rate can be found in the table IPI rates, the IPI tax rate is taken from Default rates.
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Tax Calculation – IPI IPI Tax Laws – The IPI tax law is used for generating automatic Nota Fiscal texts and for Legal Reporting. – SAP R/3 can automatically determine the IPI tax law in MM and SD. – Determination Rules in MM: • The IPI tax law is determined from the tax code enhancement (see Tax Code Enhancements). It can be overwritten by an entry in at least one of the tables IPI rates (general) or IPI rates (exceptions). – Determination Rules in SD: • The access sequence for tax laws is 1. Sales item category only if tax code is entered 2. Customer master 3. Material (IPI general / IPI exceptions / ICMS exceptions) 4. Sales item category again without checking tax code • A manual entry in the sales order is also possible.
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Tax Calculation - ICMS ICMS Imposto s. Circulação de Mercadoria e Serviços – ICMS is a state tax applied when selling, transferring, etc. goods. The percentage rate and the value base of ICMS depends on several factors including: • State of origin and state of destination of the goods • Product codes • Customer • Usage of the goods
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Tax Calculation - ICMS Exemptions: – Product codes • Exemptions of ICMS for particular products are possible. Exemptions can either be permanent or only valid until a certain date. Exemptions can be valid only inside a state or for all states. • Different/reduced rates of ICMS for particular products. Reduced rates are only used within a state. Therefore, they do not depend on state of origin and state of destination. • For some products, ICMS is calculated on a reduced base (e.g. 80% of the goods value is taxed and 20% is not taxed). The reduction of the base can be valid either permanently or only for a certain time period. Reduced bases are only used within a state. Therefore, they do not depend on state of origin and state of destination. – Customer • Some companies are not obligated to pay ICMS tax (e.g. some government companies).
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Tax Calculation - ICMS Exemptions: – Usage of the goods • The base value for the calculation of ICMS depends on the usage of the goods. If a customer buys goods for production or reselling, ICMS is calculated on the goods value without IPI. If the goods are used in a different way (e.g. consumption), ICMS is calculated on the goods value plus IPI. • Additionally, the usage determines how the amounts are posted in purchasing. If a material is used for production or reselling, the tax amounts are posted to separate line items. If a material is used for consumption, the tax increases the value of the material and can not be recovered.
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Tax Calculation - ICMS In MM ICMS rates are derived from the following parameters and tables: – FI tax code The FI tax code carries the information to determine whether ICMS is calculated. – Vendor master R/3 uses the tax jurisdiction of the vendor to determine the ship-from tax region which is required to read the ICMS rate tables. – Receiving plant R/3 uses the tax jurisdiction of the receiving plant to determine the ship-to tax region which is required to read the ICMS rate tables. – ICMS general rates General ICMS rates are defined date-dependent. Rates are maintained per ship-from and ship-to tax region combination – ICMS exceptions General rates can be overwritten by the ICMS exceptions. Exceptions can be defined per material for a certain time period If no rate can be found in the tables ICMS general
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Tax Calculation - ICMS In SD ICMS rates are derived from the following parameters and tables: – SD tax codes The SD pricing procedure uses the indicator Calculate ICMS of the SD tax code to determine whether ICMS is calculated. SD tax codes are specified in the sales order on line level. – Sending plant R/3 uses the tax jurisdiction of the sending plant to determine the ship-from tax region which is required to read the ICMS rate tables. – Customer master R/3 uses the tax jurisdiction of the customer to determine the ship-to tax region which is required to read the ICMS rate tables. A customer can be exempted from ICMS by using the indicator ‘ICMS exempt’. – ICMS general rates General ICMS rates are defined date-dependent. Rates are maintained per ship-from and ship-to tax region combination. – ICMS exceptions
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Tax Calculation – ICMS ICMS Tax Laws – The ICMS tax law is used for generating automatic Nota Fiscal texts and for legal reporting. – SAP R/3 can automatically determine the ICMS tax law in MM and SD – Determination Rules in MM: The ICMS tax law is determined from the tax code enhancement (see Tax Code Enhancements). It can be overwritten by an entry in table ICMS (exceptions). – Determination Rules in SD: The access sequence for tax laws is: 1. Sales item category only if tax code is entered 2. Customer master 3. Material (IPI general / IPI exceptions / ICMS exceptions) 4. Sales item category again without checking tax code A manual entry in the sales order is also possible.
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Tax Calculation – ICMS Complementar ICMS Complementar – This tax is calculated and posted under the following conditions: • a company buys a product in another state • the product is used for consumption – The Complement of ICMS is calculated as the difference between the ICMS rate charged by the vendor and the ICMS rate that is valid when buying in the same state. Comp. ICMS has to be posted as a tax liability, but it is not added to the product price. – In addition to the normal calculation of the Complement of ICMS, the following exceptions exist. A state can define that for a certain material • the complement is not calculated and not paid • a different calculation base (e.g. 80%) is used – ICMS Complementar affects the FI posting only. The amount is not part of the Nota Fiscal and is therefore not stored in the Nota Fiscal database.
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Tax Calculation – ICMS Complementar Rate Determination – The ICMS rates of the ship-from and ship-to tax regions are determined identical to the determination as described under ICMS: • Rate Determination MM, based on: – FI tax code – Vendor master – Receiving plant – ICMS general rates – ICMS exceptions • Rate Determination SD, based on: – SD tax codes – Sending plant – Customer master – ICMS general rates – ICMS exceptions – Exceptions can be defined in Customizing
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved Process Integration Tax Calculation - ISS ISS Imposto Sobre Servicos – ISS is a municipal tax on services. – The tax rate is determined by the city of the supplier and the type of service. – Rate determination in SD • The calculation of ISS is only relevant on the outgoing side (SD) because the ISS amount has to be stored in the Nota Fiscal database for reporting purposes. – Rate determination in MM • On the incoming side (MM), the ISS amount is not posted as an ISS credit but is included in the service price. • Therefore, no ISS calculation is necessary in MM. • ISS is not stored in the Nota Fiscal database on the incoming side. • On the incoming side, no ISS related reporting is necessary
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Corporation 2011, all rights reserved • Withholding taxes – Withholding Tax field in Vendor Master identify if WT should be calculated or not – Withholding Tax can be booked at two different moments: • During invoice verification / FI invoice posting or • During Invoice payment / Down Payment – Services are classified by fiscal codes (e.g. code 1708, 3205). Process Integration Tax Calculation – Withholding Taxes
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