ppt

1. PREVENTIN OF
INFECTIONS
IN NICU
MR.SACHIN T.GADADE
M.SC (N) PEDS.

3. Why Neonates ?
 Low birth weight
 Prematurity,
 Congenital malformations,
 Prolonged hospital stay,
 Frequent invasive procedures,
 TPN
 Incomplete immunity.

4.  Delayed enteral feeding.
 Formula feeding.
 Inadequate nursing staff/Over crowding
 Lapses in hand washing.

5. Common sources

6. Common Infections
Central line associated Blood stream
infection (CLABSI)
Pneumonia
Neonatal sepsis
 Device-Associated Infections

7. What happens
Longer hospital stay
Higher treatment costs
Neuro developmental impairment

10. Location
 Away from overcrowded places
 As close as the labor rooms and obstetric
operation theater .

11. HAND HYGIENE

13. VISITORS
Respiratory Infections
Gowning
Hand wash

14. PROCEDURE

15. SKIN CARE

17. ISOLATION PROCEDURE
 Contact isolation for infected neonates .
 Placed in a separate room and
gown,mask,cap and gloves to be used.
 Gown and gloves to be removed before the
exit.

18. STAFFING

19. INFECTION CONTROL
 As per the hospital policy.
 Changing of tubes .
 Cleaning of floor 3 times in a day.
 Separate articles for neonates.

20. ANTIBIOTICS
 Limited use of antibiotics.
 Culture and sensitivity.
 More use cause resistance.

21. Catheter related practices
 Aseptic technique for insertion & Care
 Date & Time of insertion, Dressing ,removal should be
entered in a standardized form.
 Use semipermiable /transparent dressing to cover the
site.
 Cleaning of injection port with 70% alcohol.
 Promptly remove any cath which is no longer essential.

22. Gowning
Routine use does not help in
decreasing nosocomial infection
rate.
Should be used in specific
condition in which the risk
of contamination is high.
When the infant is being held.

23. Fumigation
 No additional benefit, if excellent house
keeping and asepsis .
 Mostly done routinely.
 During endemic
 Low occupancy

24. General Housekeeping
 Cleaning should be followed in Patient areas
,accessory areas then adjacent areas .
 Dry dusting to be avoided.
 Sink to be cleaned with detergent at least
once in a day.
 Cabinet, counters should be cleaned at least
once

25. Waste Management
 Segregation of waste
 Washing of Dustbins Daily
 Emptying the dustbin
 Blood spills should be removed
immediately.

26. VAP

27.  Oral Care
 NIV
 Slight elevation of head
 Sterile suctioning
 Changing of tube as per the policies

28. Detecting Environmental reservoirs
Cultures of Environmental specimens
Tap water
sink drains
Liquid medications
respiratory therapy equipments
Hand soaps& Hand creams
Water bath used to warm formula

29. Dry & Moist environmental surface
were swabbed with a cotton swab.
Hand swabs from health care
workers.
It should be processed within 1
hour

30. Breast Milk
 Prevents respiratory infections.
 Infections causes diarrhea
 Breast milk contains micronutrients which
helps in prevention of infections.
 Lactoferin contains antimicrobial immune
building effects.

31. Summary
 Each unit has a baseline rate of infection
due to inherent modifiable risk factors.
 Effective strategy focus on modifiable risk
factors.
 Strategic nursery design: space ,sinks, soaps
etc.
 Adequate staffing

32.  Hand hygiene compliance
 Minimization of catheter days
 Sterile preparation of all fluids to be
administered.
 Promote enteral feeding especially with
EBM/BF
 Monitoring /surveillance of nosocomial
infection.
 Education and frequent feed back from staff

33. THERE FUTURE IS IN OUR
HANDS

34. THANK YOU