2. BPMN was originally developed by the Business Process Management Initiative (BPMI). They
released a version 1.0 to the public in May, 2004. In June 2005, BPMI merged with OMG, the
Object Management Group. A BPMN Specification document was released by OMG in February,
2006.
Version 2.0 of BPMN was developed in 2010, and the actual version of the specification was
released in December 2013. The latest version (2.0.2) has been formally published by ISO as the
2013 edition standard: ISO/IEC 19510.
The History of BPMN
2
7. Important terms relates to BPMN
Process
Trigger
Process model.
7
Process instance
Tokens
8. 8
Gateways
Exclusive gateway (XOR)
1. Model the task that requires a decision for the XOR gateway.
2. Model the XOR gateway after that. Create a question with mutually exclusive answers.
9. 9
Parallel gateway (AND)
Gateways
split – all outgoing sequence flows are followed in parallel, creating one concurrent execution for each
sequence flow.
Join – all concurrent executions arriving at the parallel gateway wait at the gateway until execution has
completed for each of the incoming sequence flows.
10. 10
Inclusive gateway (OR)
Gateways
• an inclusive gateway can have 2 or more outgoing paths.
• When using an inclusive gateway ONE, SEVERAL, OR ALL paths can be taken for a given
instance of a process
11. 11
Default flow and getting stuck
Gateways
split – all outgoing sequence flows are followed in parallel, creating one concurrent execution for each sequence flow.
Join – all concurrent executions arriving at the parallel gateway wait at the gateway until execution has completed for
each of the incoming sequence flows
12. 12
Swimlanes (pool and lanes)
Pools represent participants in a business process. It can be a specific entity (e.g. department) or a role (e.g.
assistant manager, doctor, student, vendor).
Lanes are sub-partition of pools. For instance, when you have a pool Department, you may have Department
Head and General Clerk as lanes.
13. 13
white-box” and “black-box
Swimlanes (pool and lanes)
A Pool has two basic representations: “white-box” and “black-box”. A white-box representation shows the internal
details of the Pool, whereas a black-box representation hides any processes.
White-Box (process)
Black-Box (empty)
14. 14
Processes
Processes may be either ‘compound’ meaning that they can be broken down further into smaller sub-processes or ‘atomic’
meaning that further breakdown is not possible.
An atomic process is termed a ‘Task’. The
task is the basic unit of the BPMN notation
A compound process may be shown on a business
process diagram either with its subprocesses
collapsed or expanded
15. 15
collapsed sub-process, the details of the sub-
process are not visible in the diagram. A
“plus” sign in the lower center of the shape
indicates that this is a sub-process and has a
lower-level of detail
collapsed sub-process
expanded sub-process, the boundary of the sub-process is
expanded and the details (a process) are visible within its
boundary
expanded sub-process
Processes
18. 18
Events
Start events
The process cannot trigger an event before it has even started.
Message events
The meaning of message in BPMN is not restricted to letters, e-mails, or calls.
19. 19
Events
Timer Events
The timer event is often used when working with BPMN because it is so flexible to apply.
Link events
it facilitates the diagram-creation process.
