Human poverty index

1. HUMAN POVERTY
INDEX

2. The Human Development Report 1997 Introduced the
concept of Human Poverty Index (HPI)
a)longevity
b)knowledge
c)standard of living
Two indices HPI-1 and HPI-2
HPI -1: Measures poverty in developing countries .
HPI-2:measures poverty in OECD developed economies .

3. COMPONENTS HPI-1 HPI-2
Longevity
P of not surviving
to the age of 40
P at birth not
surviving to the age
of 60
Knowledge
Looking at the
adult literacy rate.
% of adult lacking
literacy skill
Standard of living
% of the population
not using an
improved water
and children under
weight for their age
Measure % of the
population living
below the poverty
line .

4. MULTIDIMENSIONAL POVERTY
INDEX

5. MPI
• HDR 2010 introduced the concept of MPI to
replace HPI.
• MPI identifies multiple deprivation at the
household & individual level in health ,
education and standard of living .
• The formula to MPI is:
MPI=H x A

6. • The MPI is the of multidimensional deprivation (a
headcount of those in multidimensional poverty)
and its intensity (the average deprivation score
experienced by poor people).
• It can be used to create a comprehensive picture
of people living in poverty, and permits
comparisons both across countries, regions and
the world and within countries by ethnic group,
urban or rural location, as well as other key
household and community characteristics.
• The MPI offers a valuable complement to
income-based poverty measures.

7. Dimensions of Poverty Indicator
Deprived if living in the
household where…
Weight
Health
Nutrition
An adult under 70 years of age
or a child is undernourished.
1/6
Child mortality
Any child has died in the family
in the five-year period preceding
the survey.
1/6
Education
Years of schooling
No household member aged 10
years or older has completed six
years of schooling.
1/6
School attendance
Any school-aged child is not
attending school up to the age
at which he/she would complete
class 8.
1/6

8. Standard of
living
Cooking Fuel The household cooks with dung, wood, charcoal or coal. 1/18
Sanitation
The household’s sanitation facility is not improved (according to
SDG guidelines) or it is improved but shared with other
households.
1/18
Drinking Water
The household does not have access to improved drinking water
(according to SDG guidelines) or safe drinking water is at least a
30-minute walk from home, round trip.
1/18
Electricity The household has no electricity. 1/18
Housing
Housing materials for at least one of roof, walls and floor are
inadequate: the floor is of natural materials and/or the roof
and/or walls are of natural or rudimentary materials.
1/18
Assets
The household does not own more than one of these assets:
radio, TV, telephone, computer, animal cart, bicycle, motorbike or
refrigerator, and does not own a car or truck.
1/18

9. GENDER DEVELOPMENT
INDEX (GDI)

10. • GDI measures gender gaps between male and female by
accounting for disparities in 3 basic dimensions of human
development.
 Health
 Knowledge
 Living standards
GDI is a direct measure of gender gap showing female HDI as a
percentage of male HDI .

11. GDI shows how much women are lagging behind their male
counterpart and how much women need to catch up within each
dimension of human development.