Project management Perspective of Project Analysis for Road Geodatabase Creation including Area analysis, Cost Analysis, Project Team, Work Package Structure

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Project Report
On
Integration of New Survey Procedure with GIS to Update
Roads Network Geodatabase: The case of Al Qasseem Region –
Saudi Arabia
Submitted by
Soumik Chakraborty
M.Tech GIS
MT19GGS260
In
Partial fulfilment of GIS Project Management
NIIT University
Neemrana, Rajasthan
June 2020

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Acknowledgement
I would like to start by acknowledging the sincere support and effort obtained
from Dr. Vivek Saxena Senior Faculty for Management department, NIIT
University. I would thank NIIT University for providing the support and
curriculum framework to facilitate innovative projects. I would deeply thank
my mates and my family members for extending their warm helping hands
for this project.

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Table of Contents
Table of Contents
1. Project Definition................................................................................1
2. Situation Analysis………………………………………………………...6
3. Equipment, Material & Data .............................................................8
4. Methodology...................................................................................10
5. Human Resources Analysis ..........................................................12
6. Technological Analysis..................................................................14
7. Cost Analysis..................................................................................16
8. Benefit Analysis .............................................................................18
9. Risk Analysis ..................................................................................19
10. References…………………………………………………………........20

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Appendices
GPS -- Global Positioning system
Polaris – Surveying Software
ArcGIS -- Geographical Information System Software
Google Earth – Open source Visualization GIS Software
AutoCAD Civil 3D – Software to build 3D models
Geodetic Points – Elevation points essential for Survey and Construction

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1. Project Definition
1.1. Project Objective:
Integration of New Survey Procedure with GIS to Update Roads Network
Geodatabase: The case of Al Qasseem Region – Saudi Arabia
1.2. Set of Activities:
 Enhancing and adopting recent geomatics technologies,
 Comparing the traditional methods with the new procedures and
integrated technologies for updating GIS geodatabase
 Use of total station, GPS (rapid static positioning mode), survey
software (Polaris) and GIS application (ArcGIS)
 Recommendations on the mapping and updating of roads network by
using recent geomatics tools.
1.3. Project Duration:
Assumption (3 months) 90 ± 7 days approximately
1.4. Stakeholders:
 Urban Managers
 Unazyah Municipality
 Ministry of transport, National Transport Strategy (NTS), Saudi Arabia
 Intelligent transport system (ITS)
1.5. Project Need Identification
Systematic quantification is the need for today’s data world. In real world the
task is more complicated than it looks. Field data is faced with constant
complexity and tedious volume of density and irregular form. Tools of
Geographic Information System (GIS) and Geomedia Software from
(Intergraph) has been found to be helpful in quite a numerous ways in such
tedious data handling. The concept of joining attribute information with
spatial data and creating a mega geodatabase is considered now the

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essential crux of this century which is very smoothly handled by these
softwares.
In the beginning there is always uncertainty and doubts about a new system
and its affectability, the accuracy obtained, is it greater or same as
conservative methods and does the new system have new problems
associated with it? Projects like this are often termed as “Green Field Project”
and hence they come with their own set of pros and cons.
2. SITUATION ANALYSIS
2.1. Geographic location
Unayzah or Government of Unayzah is a very strategically important city in
the AL-Qaseem state region which is one of the 13 administrative states of
the Arabian Peninsula. This state is situated around 400 k.m. northwest of
Riyadh. This region is surrounded by Riyadh at South, Hali region in North
and Al madina in West.

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Fig1: Map describing Al-Qaseem region and Unayzah Administrative
Services locate in its heart.
2.2. Strategic Importance of Study Area
Unayzah has served as an all-rounder in terms of economic and cultural
exuberance. The population of this city is around 13,70,727 and has an area
of 58,046 sq.k.m making it the second most populous city after Buraydah in
the Al- Qaseem region. This city is known for its agricultural assets of palm
trees and dates producing 250 varieties of dates every year. Apart from
agriculture this city holds deep cultural significance as huge flocks of tourists
round up here for spending festivals and summer vacations every year.
Covering up the scape of the city is 4 major Highway 65 and 60 connecting
from East to West and North to South respectively.
2.3. Challenges faced in Study Area
Unayzah is consistently surrounded by Najd and to the south of the Wadi al-
Rummah (Rumma Valley), which is the longest valley on the Arabian
Peninsula. Having such large sand valleys and sand dunes on both sides
causes it to be the epicenter of huge sand storms as high temperatures as
43.6°C in the month of August makes life sustainable hard. Followed by very
low rainfall amount in months of April, May and a short winter each year leads
to excessive water shortage in this region which is further accelerated by
ever increasing population.
Fig.02:- represents
population
distribution in the
Al- Qaseem region
among cities with
Unayzah at second
position.

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Fig. 03:- tabular representation of land use percentage among various cities
in Al-Qaseem region.
On careful analysis it is quite evident that Unayzah being the second most
densely populated region and most of land usage is Urban in nature will
require better road network for connection to the necessary facilities. Thus
adapting newer surveying methods will be very much essential for such a
region.
3. Equipment, Material & Data
For setting up a mega Geodatabase it should always be kept in mind that
equipment and machinery should be able to capture huge amount of bulk
data or information and able to store them at the same time. This is one of
the specific advantage of using new technologies over the conventional
ones.
So here are few of the equipment required to carry out the project.
 Six total Stations are enough to cover entire Unayzah Municipality.

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 06 GPS stations of which 03 fixed antennas and 03 rover antennas
with static mode and kinematic Real Time one given in (fig.) below.

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3.1.Estimated Cost of Equipments
Equipment
Name
Equipment Cost
estimated
Quantity
(no.)
Total estimated
Total Station
(Tripod +
sensor)
4000$ USD(total
set)
6 24000$ USD
Fixed antenna
GPS
540 $ USD 3 1620$ USD
RTK corrected
GPS
1917$ USD 3 5751$ USD
31371$ USD
4. METHODOLOGY
4.1.Work Break down Structure for New GIS based
Road Survey Techniques Integration
WBS or Work Break down Structure is the herierachial break down of work
packages grouped together based on similar nature of the activities. In this
case of Road Surveying Project three distinct Work Packages are made
based on the type of work to be performed under it.

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Three most important work packages are Ground measurement using Survey instruments, Data
Transfer and Adjustment using Softwares and finally Conversion of data to DXF/DWG for creation
of Ultimate Geodatabase consisting points, lines and polygons. Such work packages ensure proper
division of labor and registration between each activity ranked by it’s precedence and successors.
Ground measurement using
Survey instruments (S)
Validate
Geodetic points
(S1)
Increasing No. Of
Geodetic Points
(S2)
Planning of
Bridges
(S1,S2GIS)
GPS / RTK
Opened/Closed
Traversing by Total
Stations
Surveying
software based on
LSM
Data Transfer using
Softwares (G.D.M.)
New GIS based Road Surveying
Techniques Integration (G.M.)
Brute data
transfer to
PC (H.T.)
Adjustment
of Traversing
data using
LSM (G.D.M)
Adjustment
and post
processing
of GPS data
(G.D.M)
Convert adjusted data
to DXF/DWG and
prepare a Geodatabase
(G.D.A.)
Layers
as Points
(G.D.A,
G.D.1
Layers
as
Polyline
(G.D.A.,
G.D2)
Layers
as
Polygon
(G.D.A.,
G.D.1)

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4.2.Gannt-Chart for New GIS based Road Survey
Techniques Integration
WBS is a hierarchical decomposition of the project work scope into work
packages to be executed by the project team that will produce the project
deliverables. It is an essential element of Project Management Process.
Assign responsibility; Define specific activities; Sequence activities: create a

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network diagram that shows the necessary sequence and dependent
relationships.
Preparation of Gannt Chart in Project Libre highlighting breakdown of
tasks into packages conforming hierarchy to the number of days as
Duration required for completion of each tasks.
Important Note: in this regard is that the actual Duration of the project is
unknown and the duration written over here is the one expected based on
reporter’s personal experience in similar field.
4.3.Network Diagram for New GIS based Road Survey
Technique Integration
A network diagram that shows the necessary sequence and dependent
relationships of the detailed activities that need to be performed to achieve
the project objective. Resource estimates must consider the availability of
each type of resource, whether it is internal or external (such as
subcontractors), and the quantity available over the duration of the project.
Designate a specific individual to be responsible for each activity. However

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in this case of GIS used Road Surveying Technique proper assignment of
Resources could not be completed due to lack of field information. Based on
the estimated duration for each activity and the dependent relationships of
the sequence of activities in the network diagram, develop the overall project
schedule, including when each activity is expected to start and finish, as well
as the latest times that each activity must start and finish in order to complete
the project by the required completion date. The project schedule and budget
are developed with the available resources. If not, adjustments must be
made to the project scope, activity resource or duration estimates, or
resource assignments until an achievable, realistic baseline plan for
accomplishing the project scope within budget and on schedule can be
established. The Critical Path is defined as those activities which take the
longest time and affect the overall duration of the project directly. They are
marked with the help of red boxes whereas the Concurrent activities are
marked with blue coloured boxes.
5. HUMAN RESOURCES ANALYSIS
5.1. Team
GIS Manager (1):
 The GIS Manager requires skill in GIS planning, system design and
system administration.
 He must have experience in project design and work plan
development, database system and application design and handling
large databases.
System Administration Staff (2):
 The GIS database administrator: Responsible for the administration
of all databases which consist of all the important necessary shapefiles
such as Geodetic Points, Polylines and Polygon Network. (1)
 The hardware technicians: Maintaining and repairing hardware.(1)
GIS Analysis (3):

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 GIS Database Analyst (1) Responsible for the creation of spatially
enabled database models.
 He must have strong theoretical GIS and database background.
 GIS Technician/Cartographer/Digitizer (2): For production of maps.
He must 1-2 years of experience with GIS products and technologies.
Surveyors (2):
Surveyors collect and deliver highly accurate geospatial data.
Consultancy (Geologist) (1):
Their role is to ensure that geological factors affecting surveying and
engineering works are proceeded without any specific Geological and
Environmental setting disruption.
Financial Adviser (1):
Financial advisers provide clients with advice on financial matters, making
recommendations on ways to best utilize their money. So that over
expenditure could be prevented and optimum utilization can be done.
Legal Adviser (1):
He gives advice and guidance concerning a legal matter, contemplated form
of argument, claim, or action.
6. TECHNOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
6.1. Hardware Specifications
Hardware Specifications Cost estimated approx
Desktop Systems(1) HP Pavilion 23-B025IN
(8th Gen Core i11/
64GB/ 10TB/ Win 10
32400$ USD

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Laptop (4) Dell Inspiron 15R-3210M
Laptop (3rd Gen Ci5/
4GB/ 1TB/ Win8
8640$ USD
Printer+Scanner+Copier
(A4) (1)
HP LaserJet M1005 4950$ USD
Total $ 71910 USD
6.2. Software Specifications
GIS application software should be capable of running under a Microsoft
Windows 10 environment. While it is recommended that software incorporate
both vector and raster data models, priority should be given to vector data
model capabilities. GIS software incorporating a relational database must
conform to the Structured Query Language standard described in the
Database Management Systems for Multi-user Applications Standard. GIS
software not using a relational database should be able to export/import SQL
data.
User Interface: Graphic User Interface
Desktop GIS Software Standard:
ESRI’s ArcGIS and associated extensions: ArcGIS is ESRI’s mapping and
GIS software for both single- and multi-user desktop environments.
ESRI’s Spatial Database Engine, is a high-performance, object-based
spatial data access engine employing client/server architecture to perform
fast, efficient spatial operations and management of large, shared
geographic data sets.
Auto Desk Civil 3D
Civil 3D civil engineering design software supports BIM (Building Information
Modelling) with integrated features to improve drafting, design and
construction documentation. Project teams use BIM 360 Design to
streamline deliverables co-ordination, visualize changes and manage issues
and mark-ups, all in a common data environment throughout the life of the

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project. Work with ArcGIS data directly in your Civil 3D design model and
ensure teams maintain access to up to date project information.
 Drafting and design standards (Civil 3D label and object styles)
 Design standards files for calculation of super elevation Drawing
templates (AutoCAD .DWT files)
 Sheet templates for Plans Production (AutoCAD .DWT files)
 Codes files to localise the point, link and shape codes for corridor
models
 Reports
 Pipes and Structures catalogues
 Assemblies and subassemblies
 Country-customised tool palettes
7. COST ANALYSIS
Resource
Name
Type Quantity Cost per unit
($USD)
Total Cost
($USD)
Hardware
Desktop (HP
Pavilion 23-
B025IN (8th
Gen Core i11/
64GB/ 10TB/
Win 10)
Material 1 32,400 32,400
Dell Inspiron
15R-3210M
Laptop (3rd
Gen Ci5/ 4GB/
1TB/ Win8
Material 4 8640 34,560
GPS (Garmin
eTrex Vista H)
Material 2 11388 22777
Printer+Scann
er+Copier(A4)
Material 1 4950 4950

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(HP LaserJet
M1005)
Data
Toposheet Material 1 Free Free
Cadastral Map Material 2 unknown unknown
Geological
Data
Material 1 unknown unknown
Software
ArcGis10.5
(Standard)
Material 1 600000 600000
Garmin Map
Source
Material 1 Free (comes
With GPS
Receiver)
Free
Google Earth Material 1 Free Free
Hiring of Staff Cost per month Cost for 9 months
GIS Project
Manager
Work 1 43200 43200
GIS Digitizers Work 2 10800 21600
GIS Database
Analyst
Work 1 25200 25200
Surveyors Work 2 1440 2880 (For 1
time)
Geologist Work 1 32400 32400 (For 1
time)
Financial
Adviser
Work 1 72,000 72,000 (For 1
time)
Legal Adviser Work 1 72000 72000 (For 1
time)
Hardware
Technician
Work 1 28800 28800
Travel Expenses Material +
Servicses
36000 36000
Overhead
Expenditure
Material + Work
+Servicses
72000 72000
Total Cost (₹ ) 488767$ USD
8. BENEFIT ANALYSIS

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GIS/GPS as new technology to many organizations.
• Full benefits might be over- and/or underestimated.
• Not well-established market value available as expenditure is unfamiliar.
Types of benefits
Tangible Benefits:
 Total cost of producing maps by manual means was greater than total
cost of making identical maps using GIS.
 Site suitability analysis to set up more bridges with minimum time and
cost in a particular area using GIS.
 As GIS can store network inventory it is an optimum solution to analyze
telecom network for various telecommunication applications
 Proper Geodetic point collection which is more accurate than any other
conventional Survey methods.
 Staff savings and decrease in manual labour hiring.
 Reduced use of outside services and third party service providers.
 Increased revenues from the developed Road and Bridge
Construction.
Intangible Benefits:
 Improve decision making: To decide best suitable site for Bridges
 Better internal communication
 Increase accuracy: Maps prepared using GIS and GPS are more
accurate so decrease in uncertainty.
 These benefits accrue to outside entities--other firms, the public and
the environment--and thus are most difficult to quantify.
 Reflects better outcomes from having better (more accurate, complete
and timely) information.
 Timely savings.
9. RISK ANALYSIS

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Risk Score Way to mitigate
Technology constraints High Training to staff
Time constraints High Proper planning and
management
Data constraints High Acquire data timely and
maintain data accuracy,
create backup
Multiple organizational
interactions
High Training to staff, work
friendly environment
Budget constraints High Discover cost effective
methods
Internal regulations,
industry regulations,
government regulations
High Consultancy
Work environment Medium Good ambience
Human resource
constraints
High Training to staff, hiring
trained professionals
Natural calamities Low Training to staff
10. REFERENCES
 Integration of New Survey Procedure with GIS to Update Roads
network geodatabase: the case of al qasseem region – saudi arabia
dr. khaled kheder unayzah college of technology, mr. yusuf aina Eng.
Sallah bensaleh, eng. hamad al shahouan
 State of urban development in al-qassim key statistics in 13 urban
areas, 2020
 United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Project Document
Saudi Arabia

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 Surveying Manual 2014 Associate Prof. Dr. Eng. Ibrahim MahamidCivil
Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, University of Hail, KSA
 Useful Links https://edu.gcfglobal.org/en/word2013/tables/1/
 https://www.autodesk.in/products/civil-
3d/overview?plc=CIV3D&term=1-
YEAR&support=ADVANCED&quantity=1
 https://geodesy.noaa.gov/PC_PROD/index.shtml
 https://www.amazon.in/Printers/b?ie=UTF8&node=1375443031
 https://www.dell.com/en-us/shop/dell-laptops/sc/laptops
 https://desktop.arcgis.com/en/arcmap/10.3/map/working-with-
arcmap/setting-map-document-properties.htm
 https://www.amazon.com/GPS-
Antennas/b?ie=UTF8&node=3248676011