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Skylar Moore
Professor Alicia Bolton
ENG 101
7/12/2012
Annotated Bibliography: “Perspectives of The Digital World”
Maggie Cutler made it obvious in the 2001 article “Whodunit-The Media” that children
are affected by the worldwide media but mostly their lives at home in a positive or negative way
depending on position. Cutler uses examples of studies to prove her point but testifies that said
studies were not reliable as there are too many factors in real life that cannot be duplicated in the
studies.What Cutler did not discuss thoroughly what real life factors are contributed to the
children and how they perceive the real life factors or if the worldwide media are actually tied in
with real life factors.
However, in 2001 when Cutler wrote “Whodunit-The Media” the media was confined to
television and computers; which kids couldn’t really access it unless they were “rich”. Yet, times
have changed and now media is everywhere: laptops, cellphones, video games and the good ole’
televisions are common in households everywhere. With more technology came more studies on
technology and how it changes us(digital natives of all ages). Some say that it is harmful to have
this much technology around, but in fact, some studies actually use today’s technology to help
children and even teach them. Even though this technology is helpful to us it is hindering us as
well. Though it is agreed we can’t always blame technology for problems that are all around us.
Technology is growing into a digital world and finding a safe place between this technology and
real life is what I aim to present with the following resources I’ve researched as well as my
individual thoughts as evidence.

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Barreto, Steven, and Sue K. Adams. “Digital Technology And Youth: A Developmental
Approach.” Brown University Child & Adolescent Behavior Letter 27.6 (2011): 1-6
Academic Search Premier.Web. 15 July 2012
Authors: StevenBarreto, and Sue K. Adams, writes a guide for parents on restricting the
technological media. Published: The Brown University Child and Adolescent Behavior Letter.
The article includes highlights such as:
“Children of all ages are now using the Internet, Social media sites, cellphones,
and playing video games as parents and educators, and clinicians are grappling with
understanding the benefit and pitfalls. Parents, especially, are looking for guidance from
professionals on how and when to set limits….” (pg.1)
The authors include information that is biased against technology, makes it clear that it should be
controlled and relinquish all freedom from internet under a certain age, or until the parent seen
fit.
The article “Digital Technology And Youth: A Developmental Approach”, provides
significant evidence for my counterargument in the essay I am writing. I agree that technology of
today should be censored on minors, but have a reasonable limit. These two authors set harsh
limits that takes away from the privilege that today’s technology provides.
I use quotations from the article to counteract some of these rules against my personal
experiences. For example, the article says “If children receive a cell phone… parents should be
encouraged to disengage the camera and purchase a phone without options for Internet
access.”(pg.5) I disagree with this “rule”, recommended by authors Steven Barreto and Sue
K.Adams based on my personal experience of having a camera phone at the age of 12; it has
allowed me to take pictures of loved ones and pass the pictures from cellphone to cellphone. Had

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the rule been established for me it wouldn’t be possible to have pictures of past loved ones that I
have today, but perhaps the rule can be bended just a bit to be beneficial and fair for both
children and the parents.
Cutler, Maggie. “Whodunit- The Media?”.The Norton Field Guide of Writing with
Readings and Handbook.2nd Eds. Richard Bullock, Maureen Daly Goggin, and Francine
Weinberg. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 2010. 684-689. Print.
In “Whodunit-TheMedia”, Cutler displays a critical view on the studies on the effects
mass media has on children due to lack of a pure analyzed experiment. Cutler’s reason behind
this essay to get the reader’s attention on his or her kids and be less concerned about the media
corrupting them, because that is not the biggest problem.
“Whodunit-The Media” was published by W.W. Norton & Company in 2010; which
makes this source credible. Cutler’s article is viewed in The Norton Field Guide of Writing with
Readings and Handbook, which is viewed by English 101 students all over the state and possible
country.
I shall use this article as my “jump off” in my essay. I will refer to agreeable quotes such
as “Any simple statement on the subject(technological media) obscures another” (684) to provide
naysay to my examples of studies.
Gruber, Jonathan. Problems Of Disadvantaged Youth : An Economic Perspective.University of
Chicago Press, 2009.eBook Collection (EBSCOhost). Web. 15 July 2012.
Jonathan Gruber reviews several studies in this eBook all neatly categorized into three
different sections. These sections are Education, Health and Healthy Behaviors, and Contextual

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Influences. Gruber’s main focus are the outcome of these studies and the knowledge to be
evaluated. The author states “it is difficult to assess the extent to which intervention can alleviate
these casual impacts” such as “poor educational opportunities, poor health care, high-crime
environments, the family dysfunction, and so on.”
“Jonathan Gruber is the associate head of the economics department and professor of
economics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and a research associate of the National
Bureau of Economic Research.” (pg.1) Gruber is definitely a reliable source as he gets his
information from “nine of the leading teams of empirical economics researchers in the country”
(pg.1). The tidiness in Gruber’s work is a clear indication that he is proficient in economics and
displaying the results of studies. “Problems of Disadvantaged Youth: An Economic Perspective”
gives my essay some examples of non-technological causes for disadvantaged youth.
I find facts that agree with my statement in which technology is separated in the real
world mostly by wealth. I compare this idea to another source I have used to display that
technological world is similar to the real world. Gruber states “the educational problems of the
disadvantaged with not disappear simply by giving them access to better schools”; I add this to
my counterargument as it provides a naysayer to my theory that computers help students in
schools.
Levac Danielle, Patricia Miller, and Cheryl Missiuna. “Usual And Virtual Reality Video Game-
Based Physiotherapy For Children And Youth With Acquired Brain Injuries.” Physical &
Occupational Therapy In Pediatrics 32.2 (2012): no pg. Academic Search Premier.Web.
15 July 2012

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The abstract of the text“Usual And Virtual Reality Video Game-Based Physiotherapy For
Children And Youth With Acquired Brain Injuries”, summarizes a “virtual reality (VR) video
game-based therapy”; directed by six physiotherapists. The point of this video game is to
“motivate the children to challenge performance quality and optimize real-life functioning.”
Basically, this video game teaches motor skills to children with brain injuries. However, “further
research is recommended.”
“Usual And Virtual Reality Video Game-Based Physiotherapy For Children And Youth
With Acquired Brain Injuries”, is an article from the “Physical & Occupational Therapy in
Pediatrics” mag and is recent data. Yet, this article is written by three authors named Danielle
Levac, Patricia Miller, and Cheryl Missiuna.
I’ll use this abstract of the article to persuade readers to acknowledge ways that this form
of technology is entertaining and helps the child with brain injury. However, this is my
counterargument for my essay; more studies have to be done to classify this video-game as
beneficial to these injured children.
Watkins, S. Craig. The Young & The Digital What the Migration to Social-Network Sites,
Games, and Anytime, Anywhere Media Means for Our Future. Boston: Beacon Press,
2009. Print.
Craig Watkins explains in “The Young &The Digital” that the world as we know it is
going digital. With social-networking becoming more popular and available along with other
technology based media such as smart phones and video games. He defines how this technology
based media and technology in general affects us (the readers).

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This book was published in 2009, by Crag Watkins, who has researched the topic of the
upcoming digital world amongst our peers and brilliant scientists along with their informational
studies. Watkins includes quotes from said peers in his work to give the reader a relation to his
studies and ideas in which make the book effective and attention grabbing. While the scientific
studies enhance Watkins appeal to facts as well as his thoughts.
“The Young &The Digital” provides supportive facts to my essay that supports my
argument of a technology based world as being good, bad and almost the same. Watkins states
“Despite the utopian view that the web provides a place and a way to escape the social burden
and divisions of the off-line world, this has never been true” (pg76), and that “Social inequalities
still in the physical world.” These quotes from Watkins are relevant to my argument of the
similarity between the real world and the digital world. In the book, Watkins states that the more
we use the internet the more we are prone to actual addiction to this technology based media;
which I use as evidence of my argument that this technology is bad.
Wired for What? The Dividends of Universal Access. Films Media Group, 1999. Films On
Demand. Web.15 July 2012.
<http://digital.films.com/PortalPlaylists.aspx?aid=3503&xtid=9328>.
“Wired for What? The Dividends of Universal Access” is an informal video recorded in
1999 based on computer technology entering anelementary school. It is basically a documentary
about this act; which was an expensive task that most schools could not afford at the time. The
video shows the reaction of the students, teachers and parents in the community. The reactions
are both negative and positive.

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This films source is Studio Miramar. It was positively recommended by MC Journal: The
Journal of Academic Media Librarianship and Video Librarian. One problem, the film is dated
13 years in the past.
Back in 1999 computers entering schools was a big thing. Only rich schools could get
these the privileged machines that now-a-days every school has at least one computer lab.In the
1999 video a little girl says “It’s a wonderful thing, but everybody’s not going to have it.” This
quote from the girl, even the whole video, proves in my essay that technology is growing and has
grown into a digital setting that is just about everywhere in the U.S. today. These computers are
used for the purpose of getting kids used to computers early in life for future purposes and to get
the kids excited about learning. These computers in the elementary school had games that would
let the kids have fun while learning math, English, and so on. This is relevant to my theory that
technology is bad and good, but also shows how far technology has come into our lives.