Zeroth Review PPT Format-1.pptx

Experimental Investigations on Mineral Admixtures and
Steel Fibres in High Strength Concrete
Department of Civil Engineering
M.E. Structural Engineering
Presented By: Under the Guidance of
Jaisankar P
61232252005
Mrs.N.Kiruthika
Assistant Professor,
Department of Civil Engineering,
Sengunthur Engineering College,
Namakkal
2/12/2024 Zeroth Review 1
Sengunthar Engineering College
(An Autonomous Institution)
Approved by AICTE, New Delhi and Affiliated to Anna University, Chennai
Recognized Under Section 2 (f) and 12(B) of the UGC Act 1956
Accredited by NAAC with ‘A’ Grade
Kosavampalayam, Kumaramangalam (PO)
Tiruchengode - 637 205, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu
www.scteng.co.in | info@scteng.co.in

INTRODUCTION

Introduction
Cement and concrete production expends tremendous measures of natural
assets and aggregates, in this way creating considerable energy and
ecological misfortunes.
This production additionally contributes essentially to the emission of
carbon dioxide, an actually happening greenhouse gas.
Modification and enhancements to the present concrete making routine
methods are fundamental to address these ecological and economic issues.

Introduction
Any concrete which fulfills certain criteria proposed to overcome limitation
of conventional concrete may be called High Performance Concrete.
It may incorporate concrete, which gives either significantly enhanced
imperviousness to ecological impacts or generously expanded auxiliary limit
while keeping up satisfactory durability.
For concrete suitability and flexibility as for the evolving environment, the
concrete must be such that it can preserve assets, ensure the earth, conserve
and lead to the legitimate use of vitality.
To accomplish this, major emphasis must be laid on the utilization of
alternate materials for fine aggregate in concrete for new developments.

Materials Identified for the Thesis
 RECYCLED FINE AGGREGATE
 FIBERS
 SILICA FUME

ABSTRACT

Abstract
• In the process of manufacturing of concrete sand is the most commonly used
fine aggregate. The main sources for the natural sand are river beds. These
characteristic assets are getting depleted because of over abuse and defilement by
chemicals and waste from nearby industries. The waste generated from the
demolition of existing structures for various reasons causes great concern and
ecological issues. To bridge these twin issues, there is an acute need for a product
that matches the properties of natural sand in concrete.
• Their use in High Performance Concrete (HPC) enhances its properties,
strength and durability. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effect
of alternate materials like recycled fine aggregate towards the making of HPC. An
effort has been made to focus on the use of these materials towards enhancement of
their strength, durability and load carrying capacities.

Abstract
• A detailed experimental investigation was carried out to identify the capacity of
recycled fine aggregate as a partial replacement of fine aggregate in HPC. Further to
improve the strength and enhancement of ductility silica fume, were added after
checking their optimal level. The mechanical properties such as compressive
strength, split tensile strength and flexural strengths were obtained.
• From the experimental and analytical studies conducted, it can be concluded
that the replacement of alternate materials added in HPC have a significant role in
the development of strength aspects of structural members. From the overall study
the members cast with alternate materials added with recycled fine aggregate have
achieved better overall performance in comparison to those cast with control
concrete.

PROBLEM STATEMENT

Problem Statement
 Dumping of Building debris is a major issue on date.
 To avoid the dumping such materials can be utilized for new construction.
 Recycling of materials will reduce the construction cost.
 Identifying the suitable proportion of using Recycled Fine Aggregate in
Concrete
 To study about the strength characteristics of adding Recycled Fine
Aggregate in Concrete.
 Mechanical properties such as Compression strength, Split tensile strength
and Flexural strength are conducted.

PROJECT JUSTIFICATION

Project Justification
• Solidify the natural stone extraction produces a huge amount of waste which is
continuously accumulated in open-air dumpsites and constitutes unsolved
environmental problems.
• Concrete demolition waste (debris) has been one among the source of creating
environmental pollution.
• Using such debris to produce new concrete can provide opportunities for saving
resources, energy and money
• The need for the present study arises from the requirement of alternate materials and
also to decrease the dumping of waste materials by utilization of recycled fine
aggregates with mineral admixtures in the suitable proportions in concrete
structures.

APPLICATIONS

BASE PAPER

Base Paper
Priyanka &
Vyawahare
2013 They made studies to compare the strength
Characteristics between self compacting concrete
using silica fume.The trial mixes which satisfy the
fresh concrete properties and the one which gives
the maximum strength has been used in the present
work. They found that the mechanical properties of
SCC using silica fume and quarry shows the better
result in strength properties among other mixes.
Nicolas Ali
Libre et al
2013 From the experiments he concluded that Silica fume
was the most effective mineral admixture in
enhancing compressive strength, incorporation of
silica fume increased the compressive strength, at
the age of 28 days, to 75.5 and 79.5 MPa for the
mixes containing 10% and 20% silica fume
respectively.

Base Paper
Natesan et al 2000 They examined that the execution qualities of a
High Strength Concrete (HSC) having fly ash and
silica fume with and compressive strength of 50 to
70 MPa.
Jeyabalan 2004 They reported that use of fumed silica in concrete
increased the water demand. The standard
workability test, i.e., slump, compacting factor and
Vee-bee consistometer, were not capable of
quantifying the influence on the overall flow
properties of fumed silica concrete with Recycled
concrete aggregate, particularly at the lower w/b
ratios (w/b=0.28 & 0.30).

Base Paper
Abbas AL-
Ameeri
2013 They found that addition of the steel fibers
improved the strength consistently as a
number fibers was increased. Fibers were
also effective in controlling crack
Propagation.
Venkatesh Babu
&
Krishnamoorthy
2005 They studied that the silica fume concrete and
cement replacement level of 10 % SF in concrete
mixes showed a compressive strength of 61.28
MPa.

Base Paper
Nabil
Bouzoubaa et al
2004 They concentrated on the penetrability of FA and
SF based paired and ternary mixed concrete and
inferred that 20% FA and 4% SF mixed ternary
cement indicated preferable results over control
and binary blended cement.
Nuno Almeida
et al
2007 They carried out experiments on HPC made up
of the recycled stone slurry as a replacement of
FA to evaluate the feasibility of incorporating
stone slurry in HPC mixtures. The results
showed that the partial substitution of sand
content by stone slurry induced higher strength
properties and improvement of properties related
to durability.

Base Paper
Shi-Cong Kou
et al
2011 They investigated the influence of recycled
aggregates on long term mechanical properties
and pore size distribution of concrete. They
found that the recycled aggregate that was made
up with crushed concrete significantly improved
the long-term interfacial properties of the new
Concrete probably due to the long term self
cementing effects of the old cement mortar and
the interaction of the new cement paste and the
old cement mortar.
Lianyang Zhang
and Saeed
Ahmari
2012 They carried out a state-of-the-art review of
research on utilization of waste materials to
produce bricks.

Base Paper
Zhan Baojian et
al
2013 They concluded from his results that the
replacement ratio of recycled aggregate had
inconspicuous influence on carbon dioxide
curing degree, possibly resulting from the
interference of the high water content of blocks
with high percentage of recycled aggregate.
Marios et al 2011 They have investigated the potential for using
recycled demolition aggregate in the
manufacture of precast concrete building blocks.
This enabled investigations of the effect of
partially replacing newly quarried with recycled
demolition aggregate on the compressive
strength of building blocks to be carried out in
the laboratory

Base Paper
Gonzalez &
Etaxeberria
2014 They carried out experimental studies on HPC
made up of ceramic aggregate in the form of
Recycled aggregate. HPC was produced using
fine ceramic aggregates (FCA) in
substitution of 15% and 30% of natural sand, and
Using 20%, 50% and 100% of coarse mixed
Aggregates (CMA) on substitution of natural
coarse aggregates.
Duval and Kadir 1998 They investigated the workability and the
compressive strength of silica fume concrete at
low water-cementitious materials ratios with
sulphonated naphthalene superplasticizer. The
results show that partial cement replacement up
to 10% of silica fume does not reduce the
concrete workability.

Base Paper
Devi 2022 They performed the studies to know the
influence of polypropylene fiber in
enhancing the strength and durability
properties of fly ash blended concrete
containing quarry dust as fine aggregate.

MATERIAL PROPERTIES

MATERIALS USED & PROPERTIES
Cement - 53 grade OPC
Mineral admixture - Silica fume
Chemical admixture - Sulponated naphthalene
formaldehyde
(Conplast SP 337) as per IS9103 – 1999

MATERIALS USED & PROPERTIES
S.No Test Particulars
Quarry
Dust
RFA
Coarse
aggregate
1 Specific gravity 2.617 2.34 2.63
2 Water absorption in
%
2.12 5.98 1.0
3 Bulk density in
kg/m3
1594 1605 1685
4 Fineness modulus,
mm
2.71 2.73 6.83

PROPERTIES OF STEEL FIBERS
Index Steel fiber
Length 25mm
Diameter 1mm
Specific gravity 7.8
Aspect ratio 25
Yield strength 850 MPa
Tensile strength 345 MPa

PROPERTIES OF SILICA FUME
Components Value
Chemical Properties (%)
Si02 90 - 96
Al2O3 0.5 - 0.8
Mgo 0.5 - 1.5
Fe 2O3 0.2 - 0.8
Cao 0.1 - 0.5
Na2o 0.2 - 0.7
K2o 0.4 - 1.0
C 0.5 - 1.4
S 0.1 - 0.4
Loss of Ignition 0.7 - 2.5
Physical Properties
Specific Gravity 2.2
Surface Area , (m2/kg) 20,000
Size , (Micron) 0.1
Bulk Density , (Kg/m3) 576

PROPERTIES OF SUPER PLASTICIZERS
PROPERTIES RESULTS
Type Sulphonated naphthalene formaldehyde
Specific Gravity 1.220to 1.225 at 30oC
Chloride Content Nil
Compatibility All types of cement except high alumina
cement
Workability Produce high workable concrete
Cohesion Minimizing segregation and improving
surface finish
Durabilty Increase in density and impermeability

METHODOLOGY

MIX DESIGN

Design Procedure as per ACI 211.4R Guide for Selecting
Proportions for High-Strength Concrete with Portland Cement
Proportion for M60
MIX DESIGN
Water Cement Fine
Aggregate
Coarse
Aggregate
0.28 1 1.21 2.40

Mix % RFA % FA
CC 0 100
RFA 01 40 60
RFA 02 50 50
RFA 03 60 40
RFA 04 70 30
RFA 05 80 20
RFA 06 100 0
Description of Mixes for Recycled Fine Aggregate Based Concrete

Standard 150 mm size cubes,
cylinders (150 mm dia, 300 mm height) and
prisms (100 mm  100 mm  500 mm)
Specimens were prepared for compressive strength,
splitting tensile strength and flexural strength
respectively.
SPECIMEN DETAILS

TESTING OF SPECIMEN
Compressive Strength accordance with BIS: 516 - 1969.
Split Tensile Strength BIS: 5816 – 1999
Flexural Strength as per BIS: 516 - 1969

TESTING OF SPECIMEN
Setup For Compressive Strength Test Setup For Split Tensile Strength Test

TESTING OF SPECIMEN
Setup For Flexural Strength Test
Where
a – is the distance between the point of loading to ends of beam

PHASE - I

Strength Properties of HPC with
Various % of Replacements of FA with RFA

Mix
Average Cube
Compressive
Strength MPa
Average Split Tensile
Strength MPa
Average Flexural
Strength MPa
3rd
Day
7th
Day
28th
Day
3rd
Day
7th
Day
28th
Day
3rd
Day
7th
Day
28th
Day
CC 32.43 45.33 67.56 3.12 3.74 4.38 4.23 4.93 6.20
RFA
01
32.67 46.20 68.78 3.15 3.79 4.47 4.29 5.01 6.24
RFA
02
33.89 50.67 70.22 3.29 3.92 4.58 4.32 5.23 6.67
RFA
03
34.01 53.16 48.27 3.34 4.01 4.67 4.49 5.41 7.12
RFA
04
31.67 48.27 64.89 2.93 3.82 4.12 4.10 5.12 6.12
RFA
05
28.65 42.31 61.48 2.63 3.63 3.69 3.83 4.83 6.03
RFA
06
26.43 36.18 56.27 2.41 3.44 3.53 3.64 4.54 5.86
RFA 03 = 60RFA :40 FA

Variation of Compressive Strength with %
Replacement of FA by RFA
Variation of Split Tensile Strength with %
Replacement of FA by RFA
Variation of Flexural Strength with % Replacement of FA by RFA

DISCUSSIONS – Compressive Strength
RFA
 From the test results obtained, the compressive strength
increases with the replacement of fine aggregate by
recycled fine aggregate up to 60% thereafter starts
decreasing.
 Recycled aggregate posses relatively lower bulk density,
crushing and impact values and higher water absorption as
compared to natural aggregate. The compressive strength
of recycled aggregate concrete is relatively higher than
natural aggregate concrete
 Initially, the strength may slightly increase and further the
decrease in strength could be due to the more quantity of
attached matrix to the fine aggregate.

DISCUSSIONS – Split Tensile Strength
 It was observed that the maximum splitting tensile strength was obtained
for the mix with 60% replacement of fine aggregate with Recycled Fine
Aggregate and beyond that the strength starts to decreases.
 The strength gain percentage may vary from 2% to 6% in case of
recycled fine aggregate when compared to CC.
 From results, it can conclude RFA 03 is the optimum mixes. This
optimum combination have been adopted for further studies in Phase-2.

DISCUSSIONS – Flexural Strength
 It was observed that the maximum flexural strength was obtained for
mixtures with 60% RFA replacement (4% more compared to CC on the
28th day) and thereafter starts decreasing in both cases.
 The strength gain percentage may vary 1% to 15% in case of recycled
fine aggregate compared to control mix at 28 days

CONCLUSION

Conclusion on Compressive Strength RFA
Compressive
Strength
Split Tensile
Strength
Flexure Strength Comments
PHASE – I 60% recycled fine
aggregate and
40% fine
aggregate
60% recycled
fine aggregate
and 40% fine
aggregate
60% recycled fine
aggregate and
40% fine
aggregate
Beyond that proportion, there
is no improvement in the
strength due to the large
amount of fine particles in it.

REFERENCES

References
1. Duval, R & Kadir, EH 1998, ‘Influence of Silica fume on the Workability
and Compressive Strength of High-Performance Concrete’, Cement and
Concrete Research, vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 533-547.
2. Gonzalez & Etaxeberria 2014, ‘Properties of High Performance
Concrete made with Recycled Fine Ceramic and Coarse Mixed
Aggregates’, Construction and Building Materials, vol.68, pp.
618-626.
3. Jeyabalan, P 2004, ‘High Performance Concrete using Fumed Silica’,
Proceedings of the International Conference on ‘Advances in concrete and
construction’, Hyderabad, India, pp.667-678.
4. Lianyang Zhang & Saeed Ahmari 2012, ‘Production of Eco-friendly Bricks
from Copper Mine Tailings through Geopolymerization’, Construction and
Building Material, vol. 29. pp. 323-331.

References
5. Marios N. Soutsos, Kangkang Tang and Stephen G. Millard et al 2011, ‘Use
of Recycled Demolition Aggregate in Precast Products, Phase II: Concrete
Paving Blocks’, Construction and Building Materials, vol. 25, no. 7, pp. 3131-
3143.
6. Nabil Bouzoubaa, Alain Biledeau, Vasanthysivasundaram, Benoit Fournier
and Dean M Golden et al 2004, ‘Development of Ternary Blends for High-
Performance Concrete’, ACI Materials Journal, vol. 101, no.1, pp.19-29.
7. Natesan, S and Viji, R 2000, ‘Study on High Performance Concrete-partial
replacement of Cement by pulverized fuel Ash and Condensed silica fume,
Asian Conference on Ecstasy in Concrete’, no. 20, pp. 327-334.
8. Nicolas Ali Libre, Fereshteh Alsadat Sabet and Mohammad Shekarchi 2013,
‘Mechanical and Durability Properties of Self Consolidating High Performance
Concrete Incorporating Natural Zeolite, Silica fume and Fly ash’, Construction
and Building Materials, vol. 44, pp. 175-184.
9. Nuno Almeida, Fernando Branco, Jorge de Brito, Jose Roberto Santos et al
2007, ‘High-Performance Concrete with Recycled Stone Slurry’, Cement and
Concrete Research, vol. 37, pp. 210-220.

References
10. Priyanka, P Naik & Vyawahare, MR 2013, ‘Strength and Durability Investigations
On Self Consolidated Concrete with Pozzolanic Filler and Inert Filler’, International
Journal of Engineering Research and Technology’, vol. 2, no. 6, pp.3144-3150.
11. Shi-cong Kou, Chi-sun Poon and Francicso Agrela 2012, ‘Properties
of Partition Wall Blocks Prepared with Fresh Concrete Wastes’, Research
Gate Publications, vol. 36, pp. 566-571.
12. Venkatesh Babu, DL & Krishnamoorthy, R 2005, ‘Studies on Strength and
Durability Characteristics of High Performance silica fume concrete’, The Master
Builder, pp. 73-75.
13. Zhan Baojian, Chi Sun poon and Shi Cai Jun 2013, ‘CO2 curing for Improving the
Properties of Concrete Blocks Containing Recycled Aggregates’, Cement and
Concrete Composites, vol. 42, pp. 1-8.
14. Abbas AL-Ameeri 2013, ‘The Effect of Steel Fiber on Some Mechanical
Properties of Self Compacting Concrete’, American Journal of Civil Engineering, vol.
1, no. 3, pp. 102-110.

Project Plan
Phase Activity
Project
Completion
(in %)
First Review
Second Review
Third Review
Model Viva Voce

Thank You

Zeroth Review PPT Format-1.pptx

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

Similar to Zeroth Review PPT Format-1.pptx

Similar to Zeroth Review PPT Format-1.pptx (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

Zeroth Review PPT Format-1.pptx