Babur was born in 1483 in Fergana (modern-day Uzbekistan) and became the ruler of Fergana at age 12 after his father's death. He struggled to maintain control of his territories, losing Fergana and later Samarkand and Kabul to revolts. Babur went on to conquer Delhi in 1526, establishing the Mughal Empire in India and founding what would become an influential Islamic dynasty. Before his death in 1530, Babur oversaw the early growth of the Mughal Empire and left a legacy as the first Mughal emperor of India who established Mughal rule in the region.