Your biotech company is working with a newly discovered fungus, Penicillum novelicus, which
synthesizes a tetracycline-type antibiotic called novecycline. Your job is to understand the
regulation of expression of the enzymes responsible for synthesis of novecycline, so that it can
be optimized for production of the antibiotic. You embark on an extended study of the
expression of the enzymes responsible for synthesis of novecycline. The novecycline molecule is
the product of a pathway requiring 9 enzymes and its synthesis represents a significant
investment of cellular resources. The genes encoding these enzymes are named NO V 1 NO V 9
. As expected, expression of the NO V genes is tightly regulated. Here is what you know about
the expression of the NO V gene products under 4 different conditions: 1. They are present at a
very low level when P . novelicus is grown in the standard medium. 2. They are present at a high
level when muramic acid, a major component of bacterial cell walls, is added to cultures of P .
novelicus. Presumably the presence of muramic acid is a signal to the fungus that bacteria are
present. 3. They are present at a low level when P . novelicus is grown in standard medium plus
muramic acid and high levels of novecycline. 4. They are present at a low level when P.
novelicus is grown in standard medium plus muramic acid in the presence of a specific
cyanobacterium (photosynthetic bacterium), Synechococcus symbiodinium. This species enters
into a symbiotic relationship with P . novelicus, and both the fungus and cyanobacterium grow
better in each other's presence, especially in nutrientlimiting conditions. (It is thought that the
fungus and cyanobacterium exchange certain nutrients.) While S . symbiodinium can tolerate
low levels of novecycline, it stops growing in the presence of high levels of the antibiotic. This
regulation likely allows the symbiotic partner of the fungus to survive, so that the symbiosis can
take place. The aim of your work is to explain these facts. You will focus on the regulation of
NO V 1 , since all the NO V genes behave about the same. The NO V 1 coding region (from start
to stop codon) is 1527 bp long - it encodes a polypeptide of 352 amino acid and has 3 introns, all
of which are found in the coding region; there are no introns in the predicted untranslated regions
(UTRs) of the mRNA. You have cloned the NOV1 coding region along with 1200 bp of DNA
upstream and 800 bp downstream of the gene, to include all potential regulatory sites. About 30
bp upstream of the start site of transcription is a predicted TATA box. (See figure below.) When
placed on a plasmid that replicates in the fungus, the NOV1 gene is regulated correctly. Elements
of the NOV1 gene. The coding region is indicated as a rectangle. The start and stop codons are
indicated by "start" and "stop", while the introns are shown as gray boxes. The transcription start
site is " + 1 " (corresponds to base 1 of the mRNA) and the TATA box is.
#ASMNAFISBILOGY
This presentation describe two separate process simultaneously
So don't confuse 1st process is trans silencing which involve homology si RNA silencing mechanism where as Transposone silencing involve siRNA(short interfering RNA) and RdDm(RNA dependent DNA methylation)
This document provides information on the phenotype and genotype of COVID-19. It discusses that coronaviruses are RNA viruses that cause respiratory infections in humans. COVID-19 is caused by a novel betacoronavirus. The virus particle is spherical with spikes and enters cells by binding to the ACE2 receptor. It contains a positive-sense RNA genome that is translated and replicated via a replicase-transcriptase complex to make structural proteins and more virus particles.
1) Coronaviridae is a family of enveloped, positive-stranded RNA viruses which infect amphibians, birds and mammals. They were recognized as a new virus family in 1968.
2) Coronaviruses have large club-shaped spikes and a genome consisting of the largest known non-segmented RNA. They utilize a distinctive nested set transcription strategy.
3) Viral replication occurs within an extensive membranous network, utilizing a complex strategy of full-length genomic RNA synthesis and a nested set of subgenomic mRNAs. This allows expression of downstream genes and leads to genetic diversity through recombination.
This document discusses P1 vectors, which are cloning vectors derived from the P1 bacteriophage. P1 can transfer DNA between bacterial cells through transduction. The document describes:
1) The construction of P1 vectors pNS358 and pNS582, which contain P1 packaging and replication elements to clone and propagate large DNA fragments.
2) How the P1 system was used to clone DNA fragments up to 100 kb by packaging ligated vector/insert concatemers into phage heads.
3) Applications of P1 vectors including the creation of P1-derived artificial chromosomes (PACs) which can accommodate relatively large DNA fragments for cloning and mapping genomes.
Presentation on genetics of nitrogen fixation by Tahura MariyamTahura Mariyam Ansari
this presentation is about what is the genetics involvement in nitrogen fixation i.e which gene is responsible etc....
the contents include Genetics of N2 fixing microorganisms, Bacterial Nodulation Genes and Regulation of nod Gene Expression, Nif Genes and their Regulation in K. Pneumoniae & Cyanobacteria, Nitrogen fixation mechanism
Nitrogenase Types, Structure and Function, Alternative nitrogenase, Substrate for Nitrogenase, Electron proteins and Hydrogen evolution
OliX Pharmaceuticals is developing siRNA therapeutics to treat COVID-19 by targeting viral genes essential for replication. They filed a patent on siRNA designs targeting more than 30 regions in the COVID virus genome. These target highly conserved regions in coronaviruses and could work against SARS, MERS and other coronaviruses. The siRNAs would interfere with viral gene expression through the RNAi pathway, degrading viral mRNA and preventing translation into proteins. Previous research on respiratory illnesses provides a starting point for a COVID-19 therapy. RNAi shows potential as a specific antiviral approach and has been applied in research against coronaviruses like SARS-CoV.
A presentation on dengue virus structure, how the virus attacks and spreads in the body, role of heterocyclic drugs in inhibiting the virus and our experiments on the subject.
#ASMNAFISBILOGY
This presentation describe two separate process simultaneously
So don't confuse 1st process is trans silencing which involve homology si RNA silencing mechanism where as Transposone silencing involve siRNA(short interfering RNA) and RdDm(RNA dependent DNA methylation)
This document provides information on the phenotype and genotype of COVID-19. It discusses that coronaviruses are RNA viruses that cause respiratory infections in humans. COVID-19 is caused by a novel betacoronavirus. The virus particle is spherical with spikes and enters cells by binding to the ACE2 receptor. It contains a positive-sense RNA genome that is translated and replicated via a replicase-transcriptase complex to make structural proteins and more virus particles.
1) Coronaviridae is a family of enveloped, positive-stranded RNA viruses which infect amphibians, birds and mammals. They were recognized as a new virus family in 1968.
2) Coronaviruses have large club-shaped spikes and a genome consisting of the largest known non-segmented RNA. They utilize a distinctive nested set transcription strategy.
3) Viral replication occurs within an extensive membranous network, utilizing a complex strategy of full-length genomic RNA synthesis and a nested set of subgenomic mRNAs. This allows expression of downstream genes and leads to genetic diversity through recombination.
This document discusses P1 vectors, which are cloning vectors derived from the P1 bacteriophage. P1 can transfer DNA between bacterial cells through transduction. The document describes:
1) The construction of P1 vectors pNS358 and pNS582, which contain P1 packaging and replication elements to clone and propagate large DNA fragments.
2) How the P1 system was used to clone DNA fragments up to 100 kb by packaging ligated vector/insert concatemers into phage heads.
3) Applications of P1 vectors including the creation of P1-derived artificial chromosomes (PACs) which can accommodate relatively large DNA fragments for cloning and mapping genomes.
Presentation on genetics of nitrogen fixation by Tahura MariyamTahura Mariyam Ansari
this presentation is about what is the genetics involvement in nitrogen fixation i.e which gene is responsible etc....
the contents include Genetics of N2 fixing microorganisms, Bacterial Nodulation Genes and Regulation of nod Gene Expression, Nif Genes and their Regulation in K. Pneumoniae & Cyanobacteria, Nitrogen fixation mechanism
Nitrogenase Types, Structure and Function, Alternative nitrogenase, Substrate for Nitrogenase, Electron proteins and Hydrogen evolution
OliX Pharmaceuticals is developing siRNA therapeutics to treat COVID-19 by targeting viral genes essential for replication. They filed a patent on siRNA designs targeting more than 30 regions in the COVID virus genome. These target highly conserved regions in coronaviruses and could work against SARS, MERS and other coronaviruses. The siRNAs would interfere with viral gene expression through the RNAi pathway, degrading viral mRNA and preventing translation into proteins. Previous research on respiratory illnesses provides a starting point for a COVID-19 therapy. RNAi shows potential as a specific antiviral approach and has been applied in research against coronaviruses like SARS-CoV.
A presentation on dengue virus structure, how the virus attacks and spreads in the body, role of heterocyclic drugs in inhibiting the virus and our experiments on the subject.
The document describes experiments to purify the nuclease domain of the NS1 protein from the human parvovirus B19. Key findings include:
1) A series of purification steps including affinity chromatography and ion exchange chromatography resulted in isolation of the nuclease domain without contaminants.
2) Biochemical experiments using the TEV protease were able to cleave tags from the nuclease domain, leaving a pure protein.
3) Functional assays showed the purified nuclease domain was able to specifically cleave single-stranded DNA oligonucleotides, demonstrating it was active.
Critical role of host factors which recruit replication in positive strand rn...SARMAD HASHMI
This document describes protocols for systematically identifying host genes that affect replication of positive-strand RNA viruses. Yeast strains with gene deletions are transformed with plasmids containing viral RNA and reporter genes. Reporter gene expression is measured to identify deletions that reduce replication. Several host genes were found to recruit viral replication, including LSM1, LSM6 and PAT1. Deletions of genes involved in mRNA capping (CBC2, STO1) and transcription (RPA14, RPA34) also reduced replication. Deletion of SKI2 unexpectedly increased replication. The protocols provide a way to genome-wide screen yeast for factors involved in viral RNA replication.
The document discusses SARS-CoV-2 and its close relative RaTG13. It aims to evaluate if the nucleocapsid proteins of SARS-CoV-2 and RaTG13 can inhibit PKR- and RNase L-mediated antiviral pathways. The SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein was found to colocalize with dsRNA and inhibit phosphorylation of PKR in infected cells. Similarly, the nucleocapsid protein of RaTG13 was able to inhibit human PKR and RNase L, indicating an ability to counteract human innate immunity.
1. Gene expression in bacteria is regulated through mechanisms that turn genes on and off in response to environmental signals.
2. The lac operon in E. coli encodes genes involved in lactose metabolism and is regulated by the lac repressor protein.
3. In the absence of lactose, the lac repressor binds to the lac operon's operator region and blocks transcription of the lac genes. However, in the presence of lactose, allolactose binds to the lac repressor and prevents it from binding to the operator, allowing transcription to proceed.
The document summarizes key concepts about regulation of gene expression in bacteria through riboswitches and retrotransposons. It discusses how riboswitches can signal RNA polymerase to continue or stop transcription based on conformational changes. Retrotransposons like L1 can also regulate embryonic development through modifying chromatin accessibility. Both riboswitches and retrotransposons have potential medical applications, as artificial riboswitches could control bacterial gene expression and retrotransposons could be used for gene therapy.
This document provides information about RNA and different types of RNA. It discusses that RNA, like DNA, is composed of nucleotides joined by phosphodiester bonds, but contains ribose instead of deoxyribose and uracil instead of thymine. There are two main types of RNA - genetic RNA that acts as the genetic material of some viruses, and non-genetic RNA involved in protein synthesis, including messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). The document describes the structure and functions of mRNA and tRNA in protein synthesis.
Multifunctional nucleolus in Plant cell growth and development.Bhawna Mishra
This document provides an overview of the nucleolus in plant cells. It discusses that the nucleolus is made up of fibrillar centers, dense fibrillar compartments, and granular centers, and its main function is ribosome biosynthesis. It also notes that the nucleolus is involved in other processes like RNA regulation, cell cycle progression, genome maintenance, and stress response. Specific proteins and pathways in each of these functions are outlined. Recent research topics discussed include the nucleolus's role in DNA repair, links to the proteasome, and effects of nucleolar protein deficiencies on plant growth and development.
Ribozymes are RNA molecules that act as enzymes and catalyze biochemical reactions. Some key points:
- Ribozymes were first proposed in the 1960s and discovered in the 1980s by Thomas Cech and Sidney Altman, who shared the 1989 Nobel Prize for the discovery.
- Common ribozyme activities include splicing and cleaving RNA and DNA. Ribozymes in the ribosome help link amino acids during protein synthesis.
- Major types of ribozymes include group I and group II introns, hammerhead, hairpin, and RNase P ribozymes. They use mechanisms like metal ion coordination and nucleophilic attacks to catalyze reactions.
- R
08 Kjm206 Expression Vector, Plasmid VectorJeneesh Jose
An expression vector is a type of plasmid used to introduce a gene into a target cell so that it is expressed by the cell's transcription and translation machinery. Expression vectors contain regulatory sequences that act as enhancers and promoters to efficiently transcribe the gene. They also require sequences that encode a polyadenylation tail, minimal untranslated regions, and a Kozak sequence to optimize mRNA production and translation. Plasmid vectors are commonly used genetic engineering tools that contain antibiotic resistance genes and an origin of replication allowing them to be replicated in bacteria and extracted for protein production. The pUC and pBR322 plasmids are examples of commonly used cloning vectors.
Cloning and expression of the Nodamura virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase
Poster presentation at Society for the Advancement of Chicanos and Native Americans in Science (SACNAS) National Conference, October 2012, Seatltle, WA
AP Biology Genetic Diversity and Operons in bacteriaStephanie Beck
The document discusses the genetics of bacteria, including that bacteria become genetically diverse through mutation, transformation, transduction, and conjugation. It explains that bacteria regulate gene expression through operons, which allow genes to be turned on or off in response to environmental conditions via feedback inhibition, repressors, and inducers. Individual bacteria can thus adapt their metabolism and gene expression to changing environments through these genetic processes and regulation mechanisms.
This document summarizes research that aimed to identify potential antibiotic targets in Bacillus anthracis by studying differences between its single-stranded DNA binding protein (SSB) and the well-studied E. coli SSB. The researchers cloned and purified the B. anthracis SSB protein. Through electrophoretic mobility shift assays and fluorescent spectroscopy, they found that the B. anthracis SSB binds tightly to single-stranded DNA. FRET analysis further showed that the B. anthracis SSB exists primarily in a monomeric state rather than a tetrameric state like E. coli SSB, especially in high salt conditions. This key structural difference from E. coli SSB could provide an
RNA is a single-stranded nucleic acid that carries genetic information from DNA and is involved in protein synthesis. There are several types of RNA including messenger RNA (mRNA) which carries information from DNA to the ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA) which transports amino acids to the ribosomes during protein synthesis, and ribosomal RNA (rRNA) which is a major component of ribosomes and ensures proper alignment of mRNA and tRNA during protein synthesis. RNA has a similar structure to DNA but contains ribose sugar instead of deoxyribose and uracil in place of thymine.
Non-coding RNA (ncRNA) is a functional RNA molecule that is not translated into a protein. There are several types of ncRNAs including transfer RNA (tRNA), ribosomal RNA (rRNA), and microRNAs. tRNA transfers amino acids to sites of protein synthesis during translation. rRNA forms ribosomes and catalyzes peptide bond formation. ncRNAs are involved in many cellular processes like translation, splicing, and gene regulation. Dysregulation of ncRNAs can cause diseases like cancer.
The document discusses the structure and function of eukaryotic transcription factors. It describes several common DNA-binding domains used by transcription factors, including the helix-turn-helix, zinc finger, and basic domains. It also discusses transcriptional activation domains, repressor domains, and dimerization domains. The document provides examples of how transcription is regulated by constitutive factors, phosphorylation, hormones, development factors, and viral proteins.
Poulomi Banerjee's topic discusses the functions of introns. Introns are stretches of DNA within genes that are spliced out of pre-mRNA and do not code for proteins. While originally thought to be "junk DNA", introns serve several important functions. They can contain other functional non-coding RNA genes and harbor regulatory elements. Introns also play roles in gene expression regulation and cellular processes like response to starvation. Further research continues to uncover new functions of introns in genetic processes and human health.
Your company has taken a proactive approach to cybersecurity by ensuri.pdfaamaracreations11
Your company has taken a proactive approach to cybersecurity by ensuring that best practices
are interwoven into all operational aspects of the corporation. This includes common issues
encountered in hardware, software, operating systems, and networking design and
implementation. You have been tasked with creating a training presentation on operating systems
theory and concepts for new technology employees at your company. Reference "Introduction to
Cybersecurity First Principles," located in the topic Resources, and other online resources. Create
a 10- to 12-slide presentation that addresses the following:
Explain how employees will have a thorough understanding of operating systems theory and
implementation, and how they will be able to understand operating system internals to the level
that they could design and implement simple architectural changes to an existing OS.
Describe the role and basic functions of an operating system, and how operating systems interact
with hardware and software applications.
Identify and describe basic security issues of operating systems.
Describe the following terms and their potential security concerns:
Privileged vs. nonprivileged states, and transitions between them (domain switching)
Concurrency and synchronization (e.g., semaphores and locks)
Application processes and threads, process/thread management, synchronization, inter-process
communications
Memory management, virtual memory, real memory, and hierarchical memory schemes
Uni-processor and multi-processor interfaces and support
CPU scheduling
File systems
Virtualization/hypervisors
Access controls (models and mechanisms)
Creation and operation of virtualization technology
Domain separation, process isolation, resource encapsulation, least privilege
I/O issues (e.g., buffering, queuing, sharing, management)
Distributed OS issues (client/server, message passing, remote procedure calls, clustering)
.
Your associate just took a lunch break and gave you the following inco.pdfaamaracreations11
Your associate just took a lunch break and gave you the following incomplete ANOVA table she
was trying to finish before noon. The null hypothesis for this test is H 0 : 1 = 2 = 3 = 4 = 5 .
Assume that all conditions required to use ANOVA hold true. What is the value of the test
statistic F? Round your answer to three decimal places..
More Related Content
Similar to Your biotech company is working with a newly discovered fungus- Penici.pdf
The document describes experiments to purify the nuclease domain of the NS1 protein from the human parvovirus B19. Key findings include:
1) A series of purification steps including affinity chromatography and ion exchange chromatography resulted in isolation of the nuclease domain without contaminants.
2) Biochemical experiments using the TEV protease were able to cleave tags from the nuclease domain, leaving a pure protein.
3) Functional assays showed the purified nuclease domain was able to specifically cleave single-stranded DNA oligonucleotides, demonstrating it was active.
Critical role of host factors which recruit replication in positive strand rn...SARMAD HASHMI
This document describes protocols for systematically identifying host genes that affect replication of positive-strand RNA viruses. Yeast strains with gene deletions are transformed with plasmids containing viral RNA and reporter genes. Reporter gene expression is measured to identify deletions that reduce replication. Several host genes were found to recruit viral replication, including LSM1, LSM6 and PAT1. Deletions of genes involved in mRNA capping (CBC2, STO1) and transcription (RPA14, RPA34) also reduced replication. Deletion of SKI2 unexpectedly increased replication. The protocols provide a way to genome-wide screen yeast for factors involved in viral RNA replication.
The document discusses SARS-CoV-2 and its close relative RaTG13. It aims to evaluate if the nucleocapsid proteins of SARS-CoV-2 and RaTG13 can inhibit PKR- and RNase L-mediated antiviral pathways. The SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein was found to colocalize with dsRNA and inhibit phosphorylation of PKR in infected cells. Similarly, the nucleocapsid protein of RaTG13 was able to inhibit human PKR and RNase L, indicating an ability to counteract human innate immunity.
1. Gene expression in bacteria is regulated through mechanisms that turn genes on and off in response to environmental signals.
2. The lac operon in E. coli encodes genes involved in lactose metabolism and is regulated by the lac repressor protein.
3. In the absence of lactose, the lac repressor binds to the lac operon's operator region and blocks transcription of the lac genes. However, in the presence of lactose, allolactose binds to the lac repressor and prevents it from binding to the operator, allowing transcription to proceed.
The document summarizes key concepts about regulation of gene expression in bacteria through riboswitches and retrotransposons. It discusses how riboswitches can signal RNA polymerase to continue or stop transcription based on conformational changes. Retrotransposons like L1 can also regulate embryonic development through modifying chromatin accessibility. Both riboswitches and retrotransposons have potential medical applications, as artificial riboswitches could control bacterial gene expression and retrotransposons could be used for gene therapy.
This document provides information about RNA and different types of RNA. It discusses that RNA, like DNA, is composed of nucleotides joined by phosphodiester bonds, but contains ribose instead of deoxyribose and uracil instead of thymine. There are two main types of RNA - genetic RNA that acts as the genetic material of some viruses, and non-genetic RNA involved in protein synthesis, including messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). The document describes the structure and functions of mRNA and tRNA in protein synthesis.
Multifunctional nucleolus in Plant cell growth and development.Bhawna Mishra
This document provides an overview of the nucleolus in plant cells. It discusses that the nucleolus is made up of fibrillar centers, dense fibrillar compartments, and granular centers, and its main function is ribosome biosynthesis. It also notes that the nucleolus is involved in other processes like RNA regulation, cell cycle progression, genome maintenance, and stress response. Specific proteins and pathways in each of these functions are outlined. Recent research topics discussed include the nucleolus's role in DNA repair, links to the proteasome, and effects of nucleolar protein deficiencies on plant growth and development.
Ribozymes are RNA molecules that act as enzymes and catalyze biochemical reactions. Some key points:
- Ribozymes were first proposed in the 1960s and discovered in the 1980s by Thomas Cech and Sidney Altman, who shared the 1989 Nobel Prize for the discovery.
- Common ribozyme activities include splicing and cleaving RNA and DNA. Ribozymes in the ribosome help link amino acids during protein synthesis.
- Major types of ribozymes include group I and group II introns, hammerhead, hairpin, and RNase P ribozymes. They use mechanisms like metal ion coordination and nucleophilic attacks to catalyze reactions.
- R
08 Kjm206 Expression Vector, Plasmid VectorJeneesh Jose
An expression vector is a type of plasmid used to introduce a gene into a target cell so that it is expressed by the cell's transcription and translation machinery. Expression vectors contain regulatory sequences that act as enhancers and promoters to efficiently transcribe the gene. They also require sequences that encode a polyadenylation tail, minimal untranslated regions, and a Kozak sequence to optimize mRNA production and translation. Plasmid vectors are commonly used genetic engineering tools that contain antibiotic resistance genes and an origin of replication allowing them to be replicated in bacteria and extracted for protein production. The pUC and pBR322 plasmids are examples of commonly used cloning vectors.
Cloning and expression of the Nodamura virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase
Poster presentation at Society for the Advancement of Chicanos and Native Americans in Science (SACNAS) National Conference, October 2012, Seatltle, WA
AP Biology Genetic Diversity and Operons in bacteriaStephanie Beck
The document discusses the genetics of bacteria, including that bacteria become genetically diverse through mutation, transformation, transduction, and conjugation. It explains that bacteria regulate gene expression through operons, which allow genes to be turned on or off in response to environmental conditions via feedback inhibition, repressors, and inducers. Individual bacteria can thus adapt their metabolism and gene expression to changing environments through these genetic processes and regulation mechanisms.
This document summarizes research that aimed to identify potential antibiotic targets in Bacillus anthracis by studying differences between its single-stranded DNA binding protein (SSB) and the well-studied E. coli SSB. The researchers cloned and purified the B. anthracis SSB protein. Through electrophoretic mobility shift assays and fluorescent spectroscopy, they found that the B. anthracis SSB binds tightly to single-stranded DNA. FRET analysis further showed that the B. anthracis SSB exists primarily in a monomeric state rather than a tetrameric state like E. coli SSB, especially in high salt conditions. This key structural difference from E. coli SSB could provide an
RNA is a single-stranded nucleic acid that carries genetic information from DNA and is involved in protein synthesis. There are several types of RNA including messenger RNA (mRNA) which carries information from DNA to the ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA) which transports amino acids to the ribosomes during protein synthesis, and ribosomal RNA (rRNA) which is a major component of ribosomes and ensures proper alignment of mRNA and tRNA during protein synthesis. RNA has a similar structure to DNA but contains ribose sugar instead of deoxyribose and uracil in place of thymine.
Non-coding RNA (ncRNA) is a functional RNA molecule that is not translated into a protein. There are several types of ncRNAs including transfer RNA (tRNA), ribosomal RNA (rRNA), and microRNAs. tRNA transfers amino acids to sites of protein synthesis during translation. rRNA forms ribosomes and catalyzes peptide bond formation. ncRNAs are involved in many cellular processes like translation, splicing, and gene regulation. Dysregulation of ncRNAs can cause diseases like cancer.
The document discusses the structure and function of eukaryotic transcription factors. It describes several common DNA-binding domains used by transcription factors, including the helix-turn-helix, zinc finger, and basic domains. It also discusses transcriptional activation domains, repressor domains, and dimerization domains. The document provides examples of how transcription is regulated by constitutive factors, phosphorylation, hormones, development factors, and viral proteins.
Poulomi Banerjee's topic discusses the functions of introns. Introns are stretches of DNA within genes that are spliced out of pre-mRNA and do not code for proteins. While originally thought to be "junk DNA", introns serve several important functions. They can contain other functional non-coding RNA genes and harbor regulatory elements. Introns also play roles in gene expression regulation and cellular processes like response to starvation. Further research continues to uncover new functions of introns in genetic processes and human health.
Similar to Your biotech company is working with a newly discovered fungus- Penici.pdf (20)
Your company has taken a proactive approach to cybersecurity by ensuri.pdfaamaracreations11
Your company has taken a proactive approach to cybersecurity by ensuring that best practices
are interwoven into all operational aspects of the corporation. This includes common issues
encountered in hardware, software, operating systems, and networking design and
implementation. You have been tasked with creating a training presentation on operating systems
theory and concepts for new technology employees at your company. Reference "Introduction to
Cybersecurity First Principles," located in the topic Resources, and other online resources. Create
a 10- to 12-slide presentation that addresses the following:
Explain how employees will have a thorough understanding of operating systems theory and
implementation, and how they will be able to understand operating system internals to the level
that they could design and implement simple architectural changes to an existing OS.
Describe the role and basic functions of an operating system, and how operating systems interact
with hardware and software applications.
Identify and describe basic security issues of operating systems.
Describe the following terms and their potential security concerns:
Privileged vs. nonprivileged states, and transitions between them (domain switching)
Concurrency and synchronization (e.g., semaphores and locks)
Application processes and threads, process/thread management, synchronization, inter-process
communications
Memory management, virtual memory, real memory, and hierarchical memory schemes
Uni-processor and multi-processor interfaces and support
CPU scheduling
File systems
Virtualization/hypervisors
Access controls (models and mechanisms)
Creation and operation of virtualization technology
Domain separation, process isolation, resource encapsulation, least privilege
I/O issues (e.g., buffering, queuing, sharing, management)
Distributed OS issues (client/server, message passing, remote procedure calls, clustering)
.
Your associate just took a lunch break and gave you the following inco.pdfaamaracreations11
Your associate just took a lunch break and gave you the following incomplete ANOVA table she
was trying to finish before noon. The null hypothesis for this test is H 0 : 1 = 2 = 3 = 4 = 5 .
Assume that all conditions required to use ANOVA hold true. What is the value of the test
statistic F? Round your answer to three decimal places..
Your answer is incorrect- There are controls in place to ensure that t.pdfaamaracreations11
Your answer is incorrect. There are controls in place to ensure that transactions are charged and
allocated to the correct general ledger account. (Several choices may be correct.) accuracy,
valuation, and allocation accuracy cut-off completeness rights and obligations classification
existence occurrence.
_______________________ find ways to take the inflow of funds from man.pdfaamaracreations11
_______________________ find ways to take the inflow of funds from many separate
_________ of financial capital and transform it into the funds desired by _______________ of
financial capital.
Group of answer choices
Financial intermediaries; high risks; suppliers
Governments; suppliers; demanders
Financial capital markets; suppliers; demanders
Venture capital funds; the risks; demanders.
y^-+x (Round to two docimal places as noeded) Create a scattorplot of.pdfaamaracreations11
y ^ = + x (Round to two docimal places as noeded) Create a scattorplot of the data. Chocse the
correct graph below. A. C. Idently a charactoristie of the data that is ignored by the regession Ine
A. There is an influential point that strongly affects the graph of the tegresion ise. B. The data
has a pattem that is not a straight line. c. There is no trend in the data. D. There is ne
characteristic of the data that is ignored by the regression tine..
_________________ nerves carry impulses away from sensory receptors to.pdfaamaracreations11
__ __________ _____ nerves carry impulses away from sensory receptors to the central nervous
system.
Efferent
Association
Sensory
Motor
Efferent
Association
Sensory
Motor.
________ can provide substantial capital for young companies- In retur.pdfaamaracreations11
________ can provide substantial capital for young companies. In return, ________ often
demand a great deal of control.
Question 11 options:
1)
2)
3)
4)
1) Institutional investors; institutional investors
2) Corporate investors; corporate investors
3) Venture capital firms; venture capitalists
4) Sovereign wealth funds; sovereign wealth funds.
zurrently has a capital structure of 70- stock- 30- bond- Their ROE is.pdfaamaracreations11
zurrently has a capital structure of 70% stock. 30% bond. Their ROE is 7% and their Cost of debt
is 4% . What is their WACC (in Utopia)? 4 If ABC 's tax rate is 22% , what is its WACC?.
Zoe Company reports the following for its overhead cost for the year-.pdfaamaracreations11
Zoe Company reports the following for its overhead cost for the year. Compute the activity rate
for engineering support using activity-based costing. Multiple Choice $800 per design change.
$2 , 370 per design change. $1 , 590 per design change. $1 , 060 per design change. $790 per
design change..
Zampletion Unprotecteal Sex and Patient Comidientiality For twio month.pdfaamaracreations11
Zampletion Unprotecteal Sex and Patient Comidientiality For twio months, Blrian, who suffers
fruin degiessian, tsas bein seing Dr A . in weekdy jsychotherapy his attractiveness in the past
yeat, he has also experienced the traurna of isarning that ke is Hiv pacicive Sharsly alter Dr A
feels that he and Brian hive estabistod a sirresg rapport. Brian explain that he ard a Etian's stared
intention not to fell George that he (Brian) is H 1 V - prositive. Caretul e0-ovoid a judemental
tone. Dra prefent the atvantagrs of sate sex and recommends that Brian inform George. bur Briar
fears that pirher of those options would lead to bis betag rejected. While he dnes not wart to tatal
bis partak? assertion to the contrary). Moremer, Brian ressons. HIV Infection is not as bod is it
usta in te, siace a romhitiation of drig therapes now maties lnng-tem sunzval possible for miany
HJV intected individuats. De A Is decply disturbed by Briet's incention to cointivae to frave
ansafe ses with Ceorge wietout nesary if a patient intended to kill an inestified third paty, Brian
does noe intend io kali his partner. Moheover, Brias and De A have acheved a trus itsat makes
piychotherapy mone likely bo succered. a must that isnuld be pur at tisk if Erian's conlidentiality
were breached. 5 till, Dr a fpris some pbligation in pretect George by warming him if Briam
continues on tho preseat coarse. 1 Bsed on the lexe explain wiy Dr A has a "sury 10 whm" or
infocth Genge that he is at risk for heizes iafected with HTViand how is mey not be up to Buian
to consent to Dr. A's bresch of confidentialicy 2. If De. A wams Gicorge about Bran's HiV sanus
ir will cause demage ta the physician-parieai reladianshap he has crafted with Brian. Will
damage of this magnusde be enoush far De A ta enid his physician patient relationship with
Brian? (explain your answer why DT A shoud keep Briar ve siop : reating him? 3. Acconding to
the sext ane of Ds. A's primary duties is co prosect Brian's contidensiality, Explain whal you
woald do if you were De A ia chis scenario (1)Keep quate - 2 ) offer to tell George - (3) have
Brien fell Gearge. 4. In your opinion, do feel Dr A las beep negligeat (fatled to take proper care)
with his treatment of Briath, te has be done "he right thing" by not interfering with Brlan's
personel life, explain your position..
Zara (based in Spain) is considering outsourcing its clothing producti.pdfaamaracreations11
Zara is considering outsourcing its clothing production to India, China, or Portugal to reduce costs and is evaluating this using a total cost of ownership model. A table should be created to compare the labor costs of $.43 in China, $.39 in India, $3.70 in Portugal, and $6.79 in Spain, as well as other associated costs like transportation and tariffs.
This mathematical formula defines a linear relationship between y and x where y is equal to x plus some constant amount. The formula indicates that for any given value of x, you can calculate the corresponding value of y by adding that x value to an unspecified constant. Results should be rounded to two decimal places.
La ecuación matemática presentada es y^ = + x, la cual representa una función cuadrática donde y es la variable dependiente y x es la variable independiente. Esta función relaciona de manera no lineal a y con x a través de un término cuadrático y uno lineal.
Youth Smoking- Two out of five adult smokers acquired the habit by age.pdfaamaracreations11
Youth Smoking: Two out of five adult smokers acquired the habit by age 14. If 400 smokers are
randomly selected, find the probability that 170 or fewer acquired the habit by age 14..
Your text outlines several programming languages that allow a programm.pdfaamaracreations11
Your text outlines several programming languages that allow a programmer to develop the sets
of instructions that constitute a computer program. Which one of the following is NOT a major
category of programming languages? Operating systems High-level languages Machine
languages Assembler languages Advantages of software suites is(are): The programs all use
similar graphical user interfaces All choices are correct It is substantially cheaper than
purchasing the software individually The programs have similar tools Question 39 Optical
scanning can be used to: Convert text and images into digital format Use for retina scans to
positively identify individuals for security purposes Detect forgery in legal document All of the
choices is correct Which one of the following is NOT one of the basic competitive strategies
discussed in the text? Cost leadership Product differentiation Strategic dominance Innovation
Question 46 Personal information managers (PIMs) are being used to help end users: Organize
data and retrieve information in a variety of forms Schedule and manage appointments, meetings
and tasks All of the choices are correct Access the World Wide Web and provide E-mail
capability.
Your terminally ill client- Pam- is single but in a non-traditional re.pdfaamaracreations11
Your terminally ill client. Pam, is single but in a non-traditional relationship. Pam wanted to
make sure that when she dies, her partner. Tiffany could continue to live in her Lake Road
residence (FMV = $2 , 000 , 000 ) for as long as she lives. Only when Tiffany died, did Pam
want the property to pass t: her daughter (Relyne) from a previous relationship. Currently, the
residence is solely owned by Pam. Which of the following ownership forms best accomplishes
Pam's goals? Create a JTWRes interest with Pam. Tiffarn and Rayne Contivety a 100 deed to
Tittany and Rayne. JTWROS Crate a Tenascy in Common deed for Tiffany and Rayne. Pams
welf comen a life estste in the property to Tiftary. Iomainder to Rayne.
Your Talent Adencu Itd's unadiusted and adiusted trial balances at Dec.pdfaamaracreations11
Your Talent Adencu Itd's unadiusted and adiusted trial balances at December 31,2020 , are
shown below. Requirements 1 Make the adjusting entries that account for the difference between
the two trial balances. 2 Make the INCOME STATEMENT, RETAINED EARNING AND
BALANCE SHEET 3 Calculate the CURRENT and DEBT RATIO..
Your interphalangeal joints are examples of- B) pivot joints A) ball-a.pdfaamaracreations11
Your interphalangeal joints are examples of: B) pivot joints A) ball-and-socket joints D) saddle
joints C) hinge joints All of the following are associated with cartilaginous joints except: D)
synarthroses A) amphiarthroses B) symphyses C) gomphoses The connective tissue covering
immediately surrounding a muscle cell is the: D) sarcolemma A) epimysium B) endomysium C)
perimysium The contractile organelle of a muscle cell is called the: A) sarcomere D) myofilamen
B) sarcolemma C) myofibril.
Your hospital is planning on an IT upgrade next year that will involve.pdfaamaracreations11
Your hospital is planning on an IT upgrade next year that will involve new hardware as well as
software. The IT team is innovative, so will do the roll-out on their own. They won't need to
involve clinical or operational areas (ie nursing, physicians, facilities) in the planning or
implementation stages of this effort.
Question 9 options:
True
False.
Your friend recently had a baby- who is breastfed- A measles outbreak.pdfaamaracreations11
Your friend recently had a baby, who is breastfed. A measles outbreak occurs in your
community. You reassure your friend that her baby should have protection through: artificial
passive immunity natural active immunity artificial active immunity natural passive immunity
Question 24 Your friend develops hives, itching, and swelling of their tongue and throat after
eating kiwi fruit. This is an example of a Type hypersensitivity. IV III II.
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
Beyond Degrees - Empowering the Workforce in the Context of Skills-First.pptxEduSkills OECD
Iván Bornacelly, Policy Analyst at the OECD Centre for Skills, OECD, presents at the webinar 'Tackling job market gaps with a skills-first approach' on 12 June 2024
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
Your biotech company is working with a newly discovered fungus- Penici.pdf
1. Your biotech company is working with a newly discovered fungus, Penicillum novelicus, which
synthesizes a tetracycline-type antibiotic called novecycline. Your job is to understand the
regulation of expression of the enzymes responsible for synthesis of novecycline, so that it can
be optimized for production of the antibiotic. You embark on an extended study of the
expression of the enzymes responsible for synthesis of novecycline. The novecycline molecule is
the product of a pathway requiring 9 enzymes and its synthesis represents a significant
investment of cellular resources. The genes encoding these enzymes are named NO V 1 NO V 9
. As expected, expression of the NO V genes is tightly regulated. Here is what you know about
the expression of the NO V gene products under 4 different conditions: 1. They are present at a
very low level when P . novelicus is grown in the standard medium. 2. They are present at a high
level when muramic acid, a major component of bacterial cell walls, is added to cultures of P .
novelicus. Presumably the presence of muramic acid is a signal to the fungus that bacteria are
present. 3. They are present at a low level when P . novelicus is grown in standard medium plus
muramic acid and high levels of novecycline. 4. They are present at a low level when P.
novelicus is grown in standard medium plus muramic acid in the presence of a specific
cyanobacterium (photosynthetic bacterium), Synechococcus symbiodinium. This species enters
into a symbiotic relationship with P . novelicus, and both the fungus and cyanobacterium grow
better in each other's presence, especially in nutrientlimiting conditions. (It is thought that the
fungus and cyanobacterium exchange certain nutrients.) While S . symbiodinium can tolerate
low levels of novecycline, it stops growing in the presence of high levels of the antibiotic. This
regulation likely allows the symbiotic partner of the fungus to survive, so that the symbiosis can
take place. The aim of your work is to explain these facts. You will focus on the regulation of
NO V 1 , since all the NO V genes behave about the same. The NO V 1 coding region (from start
to stop codon) is 1527 bp long - it encodes a polypeptide of 352 amino acid and has 3 introns, all
of which are found in the coding region; there are no introns in the predicted untranslated regions
(UTRs) of the mRNA. You have cloned the NOV1 coding region along with 1200 bp of DNA
upstream and 800 bp downstream of the gene, to include all potential regulatory sites. About 30
bp upstream of the start site of transcription is a predicted TATA box. (See figure below.) When
placed on a plasmid that replicates in the fungus, the NOV1 gene is regulated correctly. Elements
of the NOV1 gene. The coding region is indicated as a rectangle. The start and stop codons are
indicated by "start" and "stop", while the introns are shown as gray boxes. The transcription start
site is " + 1 " (corresponds to base 1 of the mRNA) and the TATA box is shown as "TATA".
You replace the NO V 1 coding region (from the start codon to stop codon) with the open
reading frame of the green fluorescent protein (GFP), so that GFP can serve as a reporter for
NOV1 expression. When you put the new plasmid in P . novelicus, expression of GFP is the
same as NOV1. Are there detectable enhancer elements in the introns of NOV1 ? ( + 2 )
