Climate change is threatening biodiversity at an unprecedented rate by altering ecosystems faster than species can adapt. As temperatures rise 10,000 times quicker than historical rates of evolution, biodiversity loss is accelerating and ecosystems are being disrupted. This reduction in natural biodiversity can be seen in the IUCN Red List, which includes over 25,000 species at risk of extinction. Specific impacts include bumblebees being forced northward and coral reef bleaching from heat stress. Failure to mitigate climate change and adapt conservation efforts will lead to severe ecological, economic, and social consequences by disrupting natural systems and threatening livelihoods.

1. Affect of
Climate
Change on
Biodiversity
Maria Monica Carmona
12-GALILEO

2. Affect of
Climate
Change on
Biodiversity
12-GALILEO
Maria Monica Carmona

3. Climate change impacts on
biodiversity
Rates of evolution are 10,000 times too slow to keep up with
rate of climate change
Ecosystems and their services change very gradually over time
and are able to adapt to minor disturbances. The rapid rate of
anthropogenic climate change, however, represents a
disturbance so sudden and drastic that ecosystems around the
world and on a variety of scales are being knocked off-balance
and biodiversity is being lost at the fastest rate.

4. Biodiversity and mitigation Climate change is a major threat to
biodiversity, ecosystem services and human wellbeing. Mitigating
its effects on living organisms and societies is increasingly at the
heart of environmental management strategies, which need to be
informed by the best science available in order to succeed.
1.
Biodiversity contributes
to climate protection

5. a. Avoidance
b. Minimization
c. Rehabilitation d. Offse
Biodiversity contributes
to climate protection
Predicting the ecological, economical and societal consequences of
climate change requires a novel scientific approach that goes beyond
traditional ecological research - we now need to capitalize on novel
technologies, encourage collaboration between research disciplines,
engage with society and support decision-making processes at local,
national and international scales. Mitigation Hierarchyt

6. Biodiversity contributes
to climate protection
2. Biodiversity and adaptation By adaptation, we mean any
structure, any physiological or behavioral process, that makes an
individual, an animal or a vegetable more adapted to survive and
reproduce itself than other individuals of the same species. By
adaptation we also mean the evolutive process with which a new
character is consolidated through natural selection. Adaptation can
increase the efficiency in finding or using some fundamental
resources such as light, air, food, etc.; or it can allow the organism to
support determined conditions such as high or low temperatures, the
absence of light or to help its defensive capacity.

7. Ample evidence demonstrating
the reduction in the natural
biodiversity of our planet can be
found in the Red List of Threatened
Species from the International
Union for Conservation of Nature
(IUCN). In its 2017 edition, this list
now includes 87,967 species, of
which 25,062 are in danger of
extinction.

8. • Bumblebees are impacted by
climate change in two related
ways: Rising temperatures force
populations northward to remain
in cool climates and spring
flowers bloom earlier than
normal leaving less time for bees
to pollinate.

9. • Coral reefs are endangered due
to rising sea temperatures. In the
last three years alone, 72% of the
world's coral reefs protected by
UNESCO experienced severe
heat stress. Sustained heat
stress causes coral bleaching, an
often deadly occurrence in which
coral starves from a loss of
nutrition.

10. Biodiversity hotspot in India
1. The Western Ghats
• west coast of peninsular India
from Tamil Nadu through Kerala,
Karnataka and Goa to
Maharashtra
• 400 species and 7 distinct
vegetation types.

11. Climate Change Extinctions
• The government of Australia has now
officially recognized the Bramble Cay
melomys (Melomys rubicola) as extinct.
• The first mammal become extinct is
Bramble Cay melomys.
• Bramble Cay melomys is last seen in
2006.

12. 2. The Himalayas
• Includes the entire Indian Himalayan
region (Tibet, Nepal, Bhutan, China
and Myanmar)
• 10,000 species of plants in the
Himalaya hotspot, about 3,160 are
endemic
• Large areas of remaining habitat in
the hotspot are highly degraded

13. 3. Indo- Burma region
• 1,300 different bird species, including
the threatened white-eared night-
heron, the grey-crowned crocias, and
the orange-necked partridge.
• The Indo-Burma hotspot
encompasses 2,373,000 km^ of tropical
Asia east of the Ganges-Brahmaputra
lowlands.

14. 1. Ecological effects
The loss of biodiversity has severe ecological effects. Since our planet has a natural
system and species depend on each other, losing a small number of species can lead to big effects.
Predator species which lose their prey will also be in danger of extinction now if they are not able to
substitute their prey species through another one.
2. Spread of diseases
Due to a loss in biodiversity, diseases are likely to occur more frequently. Since our environmental
system is quite sensible and structured, removing species from the food chain can create serious
trouble. For example, if a lion kills an antelope, he will eat part of it. The remaining part will be eaten by
other animals.

15. 3. Loss of livelihood for locals
The loss of biodiversity also causes a decline in the livelihood of many locals. This can be due to
reduced crop yields or other effects. Locals may also raise cattle in order to survive. However, if a loss
in biodiversity leads to decrease in biomass of feed, farmers will no longer be able to raise enough
cattle due to the feed shortage.
4. Effect on food production
A loss in biodiversity can have vast adverse effects on our food production. Since we nowadays exploit
many natural living spaces to an unhealthy degree, chances are that we lose many food sources
which we could otherwise use in the future.

16. Thanks
12- GALILEO