International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is a team of researchers not publication services or private publications running the journals for monetary benefits, we are association of scientists and academia who focus only on supporting authors who want to publish their work. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online, all the articles will be archived for real time access.
Our journal system primarily aims to bring out the research talent and the works done by sciaentists, academia, engineers, practitioners, scholars, post graduate students of engineering and science. This journal aims to cover the scientific research in a broader sense and not publishing a niche area of research facilitating researchers from various verticals to publish their papers. It is also aimed to provide a platform for the researchers to publish in a shorter of time, enabling them to continue further All articles published are freely available to scientific researchers in the Government agencies,educators and the general public. We are taking serious efforts to promote our journal across the globe in various ways, we are sure that our journal will act as a scientific platform for all researchers to publish their works online.
Preparation of Au-Ag composite Nanoparticles by Pulsed Laser Ablation in Wate...IOSRJAC
In this work, a colloidal suspension aqueous solution of Au/Ag composite nanoparticles by pulsed laser ablation method was obtained. Q-switched Nd:YAG, λ=1064nm, 532nm10 ns pulse duration and E=100- 900 mJ and by using pure Ag and Au metal plates immersed in pure water. The optical extinction spectra have been obtained in the Plasmon resonance region. The results are supported by X-ray data and transmission electron microscopy. UV-VIS absorption spectra of produced solution show a sharp peak around 400 nm, 525nm indicating the produced Ag and Au nanoparticles respectively with a narrow size ranging from (5 to 45) nm for Ag NPs, (8-55)nm for Au NPs and (10-170)nm for Au/Ag composite NPs with almost spherical shape Xray data indicate the fcc (face-centered cubic) structure.This work presents the effect of number of pulses on the properties of the prepared Au, Ag and Au-Ag alloy NPs, also included a study of the biomedical effects of Au, Ag, Au-Ag alloy NPs on the activity of Alkaline Phosphatase enzyme in human blood.
Impression of (PEO+KBrO3+Plasticizer) Polymer Electrolyte as Carbon Monoxide ...IJERA Editor
Solid state polymer electrolytes have been prepared by with poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO), KBrO3 salt and plasticizer (Dimethyle Formamide [DMF]) by using solution – casting technique. These polymer electrolytes have been prepared in the weight ratios (90:10), (80:20) and (70:30). The complexations of salt and polymer have been examined by using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Carbon monoxide gas sensors have been fabricated by using (PEO+KBrO3+Plasticizer) polymer electrolytes and premeditated its sensitivities at various temperatures. The sensitivity of the gas sensor has been observed at various concentrations of carbon monoxide gas.
Synthesis, characterization and DC Conductivity Studies of NaCF3SO3 -PEO Dope...IJERA Editor
The polymer electrolyte based on polyethylene oxide (PEO) complexes with conducting Polyaniline (PANI) and Sodium triflate salt (NaCF3SO3) has been prepared in different weight percentage(wt%) by insitu polymerization method. The complexation is characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which confirmed the presence of polyethylene oxide complexes with conducting Polyaniline and Sodium triflate salt. DC conductivity studies show thermally activated behavior of all the composites. The conductivity was found to increase with the increase in temperature indicating the semiconducting behavior of all the complexes. Maximum conductivity was observed in 30 wt% of Sodium triflate salt complexes with conducting Polyaniline and polyethylene oxide.
Since the Nobel prize for Physics was awarded to Andre Geim and Konstantin Novoselov “for groundbreaking experiments regarding the two-dimensional material graphene”, the eyes of the scientific world have been focused on this so-called miracle material.
Preparation of Au-Ag composite Nanoparticles by Pulsed Laser Ablation in Wate...IOSRJAC
In this work, a colloidal suspension aqueous solution of Au/Ag composite nanoparticles by pulsed laser ablation method was obtained. Q-switched Nd:YAG, λ=1064nm, 532nm10 ns pulse duration and E=100- 900 mJ and by using pure Ag and Au metal plates immersed in pure water. The optical extinction spectra have been obtained in the Plasmon resonance region. The results are supported by X-ray data and transmission electron microscopy. UV-VIS absorption spectra of produced solution show a sharp peak around 400 nm, 525nm indicating the produced Ag and Au nanoparticles respectively with a narrow size ranging from (5 to 45) nm for Ag NPs, (8-55)nm for Au NPs and (10-170)nm for Au/Ag composite NPs with almost spherical shape Xray data indicate the fcc (face-centered cubic) structure.This work presents the effect of number of pulses on the properties of the prepared Au, Ag and Au-Ag alloy NPs, also included a study of the biomedical effects of Au, Ag, Au-Ag alloy NPs on the activity of Alkaline Phosphatase enzyme in human blood.
Impression of (PEO+KBrO3+Plasticizer) Polymer Electrolyte as Carbon Monoxide ...IJERA Editor
Solid state polymer electrolytes have been prepared by with poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO), KBrO3 salt and plasticizer (Dimethyle Formamide [DMF]) by using solution – casting technique. These polymer electrolytes have been prepared in the weight ratios (90:10), (80:20) and (70:30). The complexations of salt and polymer have been examined by using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Carbon monoxide gas sensors have been fabricated by using (PEO+KBrO3+Plasticizer) polymer electrolytes and premeditated its sensitivities at various temperatures. The sensitivity of the gas sensor has been observed at various concentrations of carbon monoxide gas.
Synthesis, characterization and DC Conductivity Studies of NaCF3SO3 -PEO Dope...IJERA Editor
The polymer electrolyte based on polyethylene oxide (PEO) complexes with conducting Polyaniline (PANI) and Sodium triflate salt (NaCF3SO3) has been prepared in different weight percentage(wt%) by insitu polymerization method. The complexation is characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which confirmed the presence of polyethylene oxide complexes with conducting Polyaniline and Sodium triflate salt. DC conductivity studies show thermally activated behavior of all the composites. The conductivity was found to increase with the increase in temperature indicating the semiconducting behavior of all the complexes. Maximum conductivity was observed in 30 wt% of Sodium triflate salt complexes with conducting Polyaniline and polyethylene oxide.
Since the Nobel prize for Physics was awarded to Andre Geim and Konstantin Novoselov “for groundbreaking experiments regarding the two-dimensional material graphene”, the eyes of the scientific world have been focused on this so-called miracle material.
An Attempt to Study MoO3-Like TCO Nanolayered Compound in Terms of structural...CrimsonPublishersRDMS
An Attempt to Study MoO3-Like TCO Nanolayered Compound in Terms of structural and Ethanol Sensitivity Application by Boukhachem A* in Crimson Publishers: Peer Reviewed Material Science Journals
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Effect of sintering time on the particle size and dielectric properties of La...ijceronline
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research (IJCER) is dedicated to protecting personal information and will make every reasonable effort to handle collected information appropriately. All information collected, as well as related requests, will be handled as carefully and efficiently as possible in accordance with IJCER standards for integrity and objectivity.
Visible light assisted photocatalytic reduction of CO2 using a graphene oxide...Pawan Kumar
A new heteroleptic ruthenium complex containing 2-thiophenyl benzimidazole ligands was synthesized using a microwave technique and was immobilized to graphene oxide via covalent attachment. The synthesized catalyst was used for the photoreduction of carbon dioxide under visible light irradiation without using a sacrificial agent, which gave 2050 μmol g−1 cat methanol after 24 h of irradiation
Computer Science
Active and Programmable Networks
Active safety systems
Ad Hoc & Sensor Network
Ad hoc networks for pervasive communications
Adaptive, autonomic and context-aware computing
Advance Computing technology and their application
Advanced Computing Architectures and New Programming Models
Advanced control and measurement
Aeronautical Engineering,
Agent-based middleware
Alert applications
Automotive, marine and aero-space control and all other control applications
Autonomic and self-managing middleware
Autonomous vehicle
Biochemistry
Bioinformatics
BioTechnology(Chemistry, Mathematics, Statistics, Geology)
Broadband and intelligent networks
Broadband wireless technologies
CAD/CAM/CAT/CIM
Call admission and flow/congestion control
Capacity planning and dimensioning
Changing Access to Patient Information
Channel capacity modelling and analysis
Civil Engineering,
Cloud Computing and Applications
Collaborative applications
Communication application
Communication architectures for pervasive computing
Communication systems
Computational intelligence
Computer and microprocessor-based control
Computer Architecture and Embedded Systems
Computer Business
Computer Sciences and Applications
Computer Vision
Computer-based information systems in health care
Computing Ethics
Computing Practices & Applications
Congestion and/or Flow Control
Content Distribution
Context-awareness and middleware
Creativity in Internet management and retailing
Cross-layer design and Physical layer based issue
Cryptography
Data Base Management
Data fusion
Data Mining
Data retrieval
Data Storage Management
Decision analysis methods
Decision making
Digital Economy and Digital Divide
Digital signal processing theory
Distributed Sensor Networks
Drives automation
Drug Design,
Drug Development
DSP implementation
E-Business
E-Commerce
E-Government
Electronic transceiver device for Retail Marketing Industries
Electronics Engineering,
Embeded Computer System
Emerging advances in business and its applications
Emerging signal processing areas
Enabling technologies for pervasive systems
Energy-efficient and green pervasive computing
Environmental Engineering,
Estimation and identification techniques
Evaluation techniques for middleware solutions
Event-based, publish/subscribe, and message-oriented middleware
Evolutionary computing and intelligent systems
Expert approaches
Facilities planning and management
Flexible manufacturing systems
Formal methods and tools for designing
Fuzzy algorithms
Fuzzy logics
GPS and location-based app
ACETYLATION OF BENZYLIC ALCOHOLS OVER BiFeO3 (BFO), Bi0.86Sm0.07Eu0.07FeO3 (B...EDITOR IJCRCPS
BiFeO3 (BFO), Bi0.86Sm0.07Eu0.07FeO3 (BSEFO), and Bi0.86Sm0.07Cd0.07FeO3 (BSCFO) nanopowders were prepared by the sol-gel
combustion method and the catalytic performances were evaluated in acetylation reaction of benzyl alcohol. The physical chemical
properties of catalysts were characterized by using XRD, FT-IR, scanning electron microscope (SEM), EDX and BET surface.
Efficient acetylation of benzyl alcohol was carried out over all the nano powders using acetyl chloride/ acetonitrile at room
temperature. Among the nanopowders, BSCFO showed the highest catalytic performance and the yield of benzyl acetate was 89,
45, and 69 percent over BSCFO, BFO, and BSEFO, respectively. Partial substitution of Sm-Eu and Sm-Cd in bismuth ferrite
improved the catalytic performance and increased the specific surface area of the catalysts. A direct relationship was resulted
between catalytic performance and surface of catalysts, where BSCFO with the highest surface area (111m2/g) exhibited the
superior catalytic performance. The quantitative yield for acetate product was also resulted for acetylation of p-methyl benzyl
alcohol, p-nitro benzyl alcohol and p-chloro benzyl alcohol on BSCFO. The catalysts showed good reusability in the process. The
study confirmed the catalysts could be promising catalyst for acetylation of alcohols.
Keywords: Europium, Samarium, Bismuth ferrites, nano perovskite, doping, Acetylation, benzylic alcohols.
Vapor Deposition of Semiconducting Phosphorus Allotropes into TiO2 Nanotube A...Pawan Kumar
Recent evidence of exponential environmental degradation will demand a drastic shift in research and development toward exploiting alternative energy resources such as solar energy. Here, we report the successful low-cost and easily accessible synthesis of hybrid semiconductor@TiO2 nanotube photocatalysts. In order to realize its maximum potential in harvesting photons in the visible-light range, TiO2 nanotubes have been loaded with earth-abundant, low-band-gap fibrous red and black phosphorus (P). Scanning electron microscopy– and scanning transmission electron microscopy–energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron microscopy, and UV–vis measurements have been performed, substantiating the deposition of fibrous red and black P on top and inside the cavities of 100-μm-long electrochemically fabricated nanotubes. The nanotubular morphology of titania and a vapor-transport technique are utilized to form heterojunctions of P and TiO2. Compared to pristine anatase 3.2 eV TiO2 nanotubes, the creation of heterojunctions in the hybrid material resulted in 1.5–2.1 eV photoelectrocatalysts. An enhanced photoelectrochemical water-splitting performance under visible light compared with the individual components resulted for the P@TiO2 hybrids. This feature is due to synergistically improved charge separation in the heterojunction and more effective visible-light absorption. The electronic band structure and charge-carrier dynamics are investigated in detail using ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy and Kelvin probe force microscopy to elucidate the charge-separation mechanism. A Fermi-level alignment in P@TiO2 heterojunctions leads to a more reductive flat-band potential and a deeper valence band compared to pristine P and thus facilitates a better water-splitting performance. Our results demonstrate effective conversion efficiencies for the nanostructured hybrids, which may enable future applications in optoelectronic applications such as photodetectors, photovoltaics, photoelectrochemical catalysts, and sensors.
An Attempt to Study MoO3-Like TCO Nanolayered Compound in Terms of structural...CrimsonPublishersRDMS
An Attempt to Study MoO3-Like TCO Nanolayered Compound in Terms of structural and Ethanol Sensitivity Application by Boukhachem A* in Crimson Publishers: Peer Reviewed Material Science Journals
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Effect of sintering time on the particle size and dielectric properties of La...ijceronline
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research (IJCER) is dedicated to protecting personal information and will make every reasonable effort to handle collected information appropriately. All information collected, as well as related requests, will be handled as carefully and efficiently as possible in accordance with IJCER standards for integrity and objectivity.
Visible light assisted photocatalytic reduction of CO2 using a graphene oxide...Pawan Kumar
A new heteroleptic ruthenium complex containing 2-thiophenyl benzimidazole ligands was synthesized using a microwave technique and was immobilized to graphene oxide via covalent attachment. The synthesized catalyst was used for the photoreduction of carbon dioxide under visible light irradiation without using a sacrificial agent, which gave 2050 μmol g−1 cat methanol after 24 h of irradiation
Computer Science
Active and Programmable Networks
Active safety systems
Ad Hoc & Sensor Network
Ad hoc networks for pervasive communications
Adaptive, autonomic and context-aware computing
Advance Computing technology and their application
Advanced Computing Architectures and New Programming Models
Advanced control and measurement
Aeronautical Engineering,
Agent-based middleware
Alert applications
Automotive, marine and aero-space control and all other control applications
Autonomic and self-managing middleware
Autonomous vehicle
Biochemistry
Bioinformatics
BioTechnology(Chemistry, Mathematics, Statistics, Geology)
Broadband and intelligent networks
Broadband wireless technologies
CAD/CAM/CAT/CIM
Call admission and flow/congestion control
Capacity planning and dimensioning
Changing Access to Patient Information
Channel capacity modelling and analysis
Civil Engineering,
Cloud Computing and Applications
Collaborative applications
Communication application
Communication architectures for pervasive computing
Communication systems
Computational intelligence
Computer and microprocessor-based control
Computer Architecture and Embedded Systems
Computer Business
Computer Sciences and Applications
Computer Vision
Computer-based information systems in health care
Computing Ethics
Computing Practices & Applications
Congestion and/or Flow Control
Content Distribution
Context-awareness and middleware
Creativity in Internet management and retailing
Cross-layer design and Physical layer based issue
Cryptography
Data Base Management
Data fusion
Data Mining
Data retrieval
Data Storage Management
Decision analysis methods
Decision making
Digital Economy and Digital Divide
Digital signal processing theory
Distributed Sensor Networks
Drives automation
Drug Design,
Drug Development
DSP implementation
E-Business
E-Commerce
E-Government
Electronic transceiver device for Retail Marketing Industries
Electronics Engineering,
Embeded Computer System
Emerging advances in business and its applications
Emerging signal processing areas
Enabling technologies for pervasive systems
Energy-efficient and green pervasive computing
Environmental Engineering,
Estimation and identification techniques
Evaluation techniques for middleware solutions
Event-based, publish/subscribe, and message-oriented middleware
Evolutionary computing and intelligent systems
Expert approaches
Facilities planning and management
Flexible manufacturing systems
Formal methods and tools for designing
Fuzzy algorithms
Fuzzy logics
GPS and location-based app
ACETYLATION OF BENZYLIC ALCOHOLS OVER BiFeO3 (BFO), Bi0.86Sm0.07Eu0.07FeO3 (B...EDITOR IJCRCPS
BiFeO3 (BFO), Bi0.86Sm0.07Eu0.07FeO3 (BSEFO), and Bi0.86Sm0.07Cd0.07FeO3 (BSCFO) nanopowders were prepared by the sol-gel
combustion method and the catalytic performances were evaluated in acetylation reaction of benzyl alcohol. The physical chemical
properties of catalysts were characterized by using XRD, FT-IR, scanning electron microscope (SEM), EDX and BET surface.
Efficient acetylation of benzyl alcohol was carried out over all the nano powders using acetyl chloride/ acetonitrile at room
temperature. Among the nanopowders, BSCFO showed the highest catalytic performance and the yield of benzyl acetate was 89,
45, and 69 percent over BSCFO, BFO, and BSEFO, respectively. Partial substitution of Sm-Eu and Sm-Cd in bismuth ferrite
improved the catalytic performance and increased the specific surface area of the catalysts. A direct relationship was resulted
between catalytic performance and surface of catalysts, where BSCFO with the highest surface area (111m2/g) exhibited the
superior catalytic performance. The quantitative yield for acetate product was also resulted for acetylation of p-methyl benzyl
alcohol, p-nitro benzyl alcohol and p-chloro benzyl alcohol on BSCFO. The catalysts showed good reusability in the process. The
study confirmed the catalysts could be promising catalyst for acetylation of alcohols.
Keywords: Europium, Samarium, Bismuth ferrites, nano perovskite, doping, Acetylation, benzylic alcohols.
Vapor Deposition of Semiconducting Phosphorus Allotropes into TiO2 Nanotube A...Pawan Kumar
Recent evidence of exponential environmental degradation will demand a drastic shift in research and development toward exploiting alternative energy resources such as solar energy. Here, we report the successful low-cost and easily accessible synthesis of hybrid semiconductor@TiO2 nanotube photocatalysts. In order to realize its maximum potential in harvesting photons in the visible-light range, TiO2 nanotubes have been loaded with earth-abundant, low-band-gap fibrous red and black phosphorus (P). Scanning electron microscopy– and scanning transmission electron microscopy–energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron microscopy, and UV–vis measurements have been performed, substantiating the deposition of fibrous red and black P on top and inside the cavities of 100-μm-long electrochemically fabricated nanotubes. The nanotubular morphology of titania and a vapor-transport technique are utilized to form heterojunctions of P and TiO2. Compared to pristine anatase 3.2 eV TiO2 nanotubes, the creation of heterojunctions in the hybrid material resulted in 1.5–2.1 eV photoelectrocatalysts. An enhanced photoelectrochemical water-splitting performance under visible light compared with the individual components resulted for the P@TiO2 hybrids. This feature is due to synergistically improved charge separation in the heterojunction and more effective visible-light absorption. The electronic band structure and charge-carrier dynamics are investigated in detail using ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy and Kelvin probe force microscopy to elucidate the charge-separation mechanism. A Fermi-level alignment in P@TiO2 heterojunctions leads to a more reductive flat-band potential and a deeper valence band compared to pristine P and thus facilitates a better water-splitting performance. Our results demonstrate effective conversion efficiencies for the nanostructured hybrids, which may enable future applications in optoelectronic applications such as photodetectors, photovoltaics, photoelectrochemical catalysts, and sensors.
A design of FPGA based intelligent data handling interfacing card.IJERA Editor
With the increasing demand in the custom built logic for avionics systems, FPGA is used in this proposed interfacing card design. This FPGA based intelligent data handling card (IDHC) for the IVHM system, will interface the data from aircraft subsystems to the aircraft digital data bus. This IDHC interfacing card is based on the Virtex-5 FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), which provides flexibility by re-programming, so that it can be configured to the required functionality. Fault detection can be done within the FPGA and only the anomalies passed to the computer, so that the bus bandwidth can be utilized effectively and also excessive wiring can be eliminated, that would have been required for multiple individual systems. The work concentrates on designing the schematic using OrCAD.
XACML pilot at a large Dutch bank, Using XACML to implement context-enhanced ...wegdam
As presented at the XACML seminar, 26 april 2012, at SURFnet (Utrecht, NL) by PIMN, CSA and PvIB. Presented the context-enhanced authorization project on usefullness and feasibility of using context to improve authz for a large Dutch bank.
Study of characterization of (peo+kclo4) polymer electrolyte systemeSAT Journals
Abstract Solid state polymer electrolytes have been prepared by using poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO) and KClO4 salt in the Wt% ratios of (90:10), (80:20) and (70:30) by solution – casting technique by using methanol (water-free) as solvent. The complexation of pure PEO with KClO4 salts has been extensively studied using IR studies. In the Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) curves it observed that, pure PEO melting temperature (Tm) slight shift towards lower temperature is due to the addition of KClO4 salt to the polymer. XRD data for these films clearly confirm the complexation between the KClO4 salt and the polymer PEO. The d-values calculated from the X-ray diffraction of pure PEO and various compositions of KClO4 complexed films are clearly indicate the complexation of PEO and KClO4. Keywords: Polymer electrolytes, IR studies, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction.
Study of characterization of (peo+kclo4) polymer electrolyte systemeSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
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Effect of annealing temperature on dc electrical conductivity properties of S...Premier Publishers
Thermal and DC electrical properties investigations of xSnO2 (50-x) PbO: 50V2O5(X=5, 10, 15 in molar ratio) glasses were carried out using X-ray diffractrometer (XRD), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and two probe techniques. XRD results shown that the Perfect vitrification has been achieved and DSC results have indicated that the substituent SnO2 is replacing PbO in the glass network in such a way that the eutectic composition is maintained. The DC electrical conductivity studies on SnO2 substituted glass systems annealed at 1500C as well as 2250C and 3800C indicated that the conductivities increased as the annealing temperature is increased. activation energies also changed as the annealing temperature is changed.
Surfactant-assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis of Ceria-Zirconia Nanostructured M...IOSR Journals
CeO2–ZrO2 oxides were prepared by the surfactant-templated method using cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) as template and modified with chromium nitrate. These were characterized by XRD, FT-IR, TEM, SEM, BET and TPD-CO2. The XRD data showed that as prepared CeO2-ZrO2 powder particles have single phase cubic fluorite structure. HRTEM shows mesoscopic ordering. Average particle size is 12-13 nm as calculated from particle histogram. The nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherm were classified to be type IV isotherm, typical of mesoporous material. The presence of uni-modal mesopores are confirmed by the pore size distribution which shows pore distribution at around 60 A°. Catalytic activity was studied towards liquid-phase oxidation of benzene.
A study of lattice parameters and dielectric properties against temperature a...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Applied Physics (IOSR-JAP) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of physics and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in applied physics. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Spectral studies of praseodymium doped heavy metal borate glass systemsinventy
Praseodymium doped HMO glasses are fabricated with the following compositions using conventional melt quenching technique. The compositions of the glass systems are 12 ZnO + 33 B2O3 + (50-x) PbO + (x+10) CaO + 4 Al2O3 + 1 Pr6O11 where (x = 0,10,20,30 and 40 mol %.). Certain physical properties of these systems have been evaluated and reported. Spectral data for all these systems were recorded for X-ray diffraction, Optical absorption and Fluorescence properties. The Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters Ωλ ( λ = 2,4,6) were evaluated from the spectral data and in turn employed to evaluate the lasing parameters of Pr3+ HMO glass systems such as radiative transition probabilities (A), radiative life-times (τR), branching ratios (βR) absorption cross-sections (σa) and Stimulated emission cross-sections (σe). The experimental and calculated branching ratios (βR) for the lasing transitions 3P0 3H4, 3P0 3H6, and 3P0 3F2 are found to be in good agreement in the present work.
Dielectric Constant of nano- CCTO / Epoxy CompositeIOSR Journals
Nanocrystalline multiphase CaCu3Ti4O12 (CCTO) was prepared using Ca(NO3)2.4H2O, Cu(NO3)2.3H2O, TiO2 and C2H2O4.2H2O. The X-Ray differection and SEM analysed of the prepared CCTO powder sintered at 900oC and 950oC. A homogeneous ceramics-polymer nanocomposites consisting of CCTO particles as fillers and epoxy polymer as matrix have been prepared using a casting process. The nanocomposites exhibit enhanced dielectric constant and dielectric loss. Dielectric properties of CCTO ceramics were characterized in a broad frequency range (100 Hz-1 MHz) and at a temperature ranged from 25 oC to 150 oC. As a result of increasing the content of CCTO, the dielectric constant and dielectric loss of composites are increased. The increase of dielectric loss at high frequencies is due to the relaxation process in the polymer matrix.
Using triple-layer remote phosphor structures LaVO4:Eu3+ and ZnS:Cu,Sn to imp...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
This research paper investigates the novel triple remote phosphor layer for improving the remote phosphor’s angular chroma uniformity (ACU) of down-light lamps by using remote micro-patterned phosphor layers (RMPP). In addition, introducing the triple-layer (TL) RMPP is introduced to offer the potential approach to this objective. This analysis also measures the optical efficiency of the layers and the angle distribution of angular correlated color temperature (ACCT). Drawing a comparison between the traditional
dual-layer (DL) RMPP and the proposed TL is furthermore critical to this study. According to the findings, the triple-layer phosphor configuration can achieve greater hue consistency while having a correlating colour temperature (CCT) variance merely measured at 441 K. Results in the single RMPP layer are 1390 K of the remote phosphor (RP) sheet setting and
556 K for the ACCT deviation. The recreation employing finite-difference
time-domain (FDTD) as well as the approach of ray-tracing ensures an increase in angular color uniformity (ACU). The structure of DL and TL RMPPs results in a 6.68 % and 4.69 % gain in luminous efficiency, respectively, with the standard RMPP layer at a currently driving of 350 mA. The micro-patterned layer’s scattering characteristic and mixing effect may account for the increased ACU and luminous efficiency.
Development of Ni-doped Yttria stabilized Zirconia composite for SOFC applica...IOSRJAP
Ni-doped Yttria stabilized Zirconia (NiO/YSZ) has been synthesized using low cost combustion process from an aqueous solution containing ZrO(NO3)2.6H2O, Y(NO3)3.6H2O, Ni(NO3)2.6H2O and urea. Pellets were sintered at 13500C for 5 hours and its sintered density is estimated to be of 95%. Sintered pellets were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) & X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques. From the XRD analysis, as grown powder of NiO/YSZ showed nano-crystalline behavior with homogeneous mixture of YSZ and NiO phases. However sintered powder showed µ-size dense grain growth. Temperature and frequency dependent dielectric properties are corroborated with the conduction mechanism. Both dielectric constant (K) and loss (tan δ) are increased sharply at high temperature region, which is expected to be the onset of dipolar relaxation phenomena due to the presence of oxygen vacancies. A mixed conductivity involving ionic conduction in the high temperature range and electronic conduction in the low temperature range was observed. The decrease in K and tan δ with increase in frequency at a given temperature suggests the dynamic interaction of oxygen vacancies & oxide ion pairs.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
"Impact of front-end architecture on development cost", Viktor TurskyiFwdays
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X4101144147
1. T. Sreekanth Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 4, Issue 1( Version 1), January 2014, pp.144-147
RESEARCH ARTICLE
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OPEN ACCESS
Preparation and Characterization of (PEO+NaClO3) Based
Polymer Electrolyte System and Its Application as an
Electrochemical Cell
T. Sreekanth
Department of Physics, JNTUH College of Engineering, Nachupally (Kondagattu), Karimnagar Dist, Andhra
Pradesh, India.
ABSTRACT
Ion conducting polymer electrolyte films of poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO) complexed with NaClO 3 salt have been
prepared in the weight ratios (90:10), (80:20) and (70:30) by solution-casting technique using methanol and
water as solvents. The complexation of poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO) and NaClO3 have been studied by using Xray diffraction (XRD), IR and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Using these polymer electrolyte films,
solid-state electrochemical cells are fabricated and their discharge characteristics are examined for a constant
load of 100 k. Several cell parameters associated with the cells evaluated and reported.
Keywords – Polymer, poly (ethylene oxide), X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry,
electrochemical cells.
I.
INTRODUCTION
A variety of ion-conducting materials,
polymer salt complexes are of current significance
on account of their possible application as solid
electrolytes in solid electrochemical devices such as
energy conversion units like batteries, fuel cells,
electro chromic display devices, smart windows,
photo-electrochemical solar cells, etc. [1-5]. The
major advantages of polymeric electrolytes are their
mechanical properties, the ease of fabrication of thin
films of desirable size, and their ability to form
proper electrode-electrolyte contacts. Poly (ethylene
oxide) (PEO), in particular, is an exceptional
polymer which dissolves high concentrations of a
wide variety of salts to form polymeric electrolytes
[6]. The complexes of PEO with a number of alkali
salts such as LiBF4, LiPF6 and LiB(C6H5)4 [7],
LiSCN [8], LiSO3CF3 and LiClO4 [9], NaSCN [10],
NaPF6 [11], NaYF4 & KYF4 [12] and KBrO3 [13]
are reported.
In an attempt to investigate the possibility of
fabricating electrochemical cells based on other
polymer, studies have been conducted on
electrochemical cells based on poly (acrylamide)
(PA) and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) polymers
[14-17]. In this present work (PEO+NaClO3) based
polymer electrolyte electrochemical cells have been
fabricated and studied its discharge characteristics.
II.
EXPERIMENTAL
Ion conducting solid state polymer
electrolyte films (thickness 100 – 150 µm) of PEO
[Aldrich, molecular weight (4X105)] complexed with
www.ijera.com
NaClO3 salt have been prepared in the weight ratios
(90:10), (80:20) and (70:30) by solution-casting
technique using methanol and water as solvents. The
solutions were stirred for 15-20 hr, were cast on
polypropylene dishes, and were evaporated slowly at
room temperature. Finally, the films were dried
thoroughly at 10−3 Torr [17]. X-ray diffraction
(XRD) analyses of all the samples were carried out
by using a SIEMES / D 5000 X-ray diffractometer
(Cu K radiation = 1.5406 Å). The infrared
spectrum of polymer electrolyte films was recorded
on a PERKIN ELMER FTIR spectrophotometer
[Model 1605] in the range of 1000 – 4000 cm-1. DSC
(TA 2010 Instrument) was used to study the melting
temperatures of the polymer electrolyte films [18].
Solid state electrochemical cells have been
fabricated with the configuration Na / (PEO +
NaClO3) / (I2 + C + electrolyte), the details about the
fabrication of the electrochemical cells are given
elsewhere [19]. The discharge characteristic studies
of these cells were monitored for a constant load of
100 k.
III.
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
X-ray diffraction:
X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of pure
PEO and NaClO3 are shown in Fig. 1. A comparison
of the diffraction spectra of complexed PEO with
that of pure PEO and NaClO3 reveals the following
details:
XRD pattern obtained in the 2 range of 10o to
30o, where the complexed PEO films to be less
intense than those for the pure PEO films, which
144 | P a g e
2. T. Sreekanth Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 4, Issue 1( Version 1), January 2014, pp.144-147
indicates that the addition of NaClO3 to the
polymer causes a decrease in the degree of
crytallinity of the polymer PEO.
Peaks corresponding to the uncomplexed PEO
are also present, on one those of the NaClO 3, in
complexed
PEO
films,
showing
the
simultaneous presence of both crystalline
uncomplexed and complexed PEO [20–24].
For the higher concentration of NaClO3 salt in
the polymer, no sharp peaks were observed,
which indicates the dominant presence of an
amorphous phase.
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increase with an increase of NaClO3 in the
polymer.
Several new peaks around 4329.6, 4002.0,
2363.4 and 1280.8 cm-1 have been observed in
complexed PEO.
Fig. 2 IR spectra (a) Pure PEO (b) (PEO + NaClO3)
[90:10] (c) (PEO + NaClO3) [70:30] (d) NaClO3.
Fig. 1 X – ray diffraction spectra (a) Pure PEO (b)
(PEO+NaClO3) [90:10] (c) (PEO+NaClO3) [70:30]
(d) NaClO3
Therefore, the XRD pattern clearly
indicates a complexation between the NaClO3 salt
and the PEO polymer.
IR studies:
The complexation of pure PEO with
NaClO3 salt has been extensively studied using
vibrational spectroscopic studies [20]. The IR spectra
of pure PEO, NaClO3 and PEO complexed with
NaClO3 are shown in Fig.2. The following
differences in the spectral features have been
observed on comparing the spectra of complexed
PEO with pure PEO and NaClO3.
The intensity of the aliphatic C-H stretching
vibrational band observed around 2897.1 cm-1 in
PEO decreases with increasing concentration of
NaClO3 salt in the polymer.
The width of the C-O Stretching band observed
around 1095.2 cm-1 in PEO also showed an
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The appearance of new peaks along with
changes in existing peaks (and / or their
disappearance) in the IR spectra directly indicates
the complexation of NaClO3 with PEO. If the cations
of NaClO3 get coordinated with the ether oxygen of
PEO, the spectral changes are expected to be in the
COC stretching and deformation ranges. The
decrease in the width of 1095.2 cm-1 band, which is
assigned to COC symmetrical and asymmetrical
stretching [21-22], suggests the coordination /
complexation of the salt with the polymer PEO.
Studies of Differential Scanning Calorimetry
(DSC):
Figure 3 shows the differential scanning
calorimetry (DSC) curves of pure PEO and various
compositions of complexed PEO. At 70oC an
endothermic peak corresponding to the melting
temperature (Tm) of the pure PEO was observed.
With the addition of NaClO3 to pure PEO, the
melting temperature (Tm) slightly shifted towards
lower temperatures [18 & 23].
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3. T. Sreekanth Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 4, Issue 1( Version 1), January 2014, pp.144-147
www.ijera.com
The initial sharp decrease in voltage of
these cells may be due to polarization and / or
formation of a thin layer of sodium salt at the
electrode / electrolyte interface [13, 17 & 19]. The
Open-Circuit Voltage (OCV) and Short-Circuit
Current (SCC) and other cell parameters for these
cells are evaluated and are given in Table 1.
Fig. 3 DSC curves (a) Pure PEO (b) (PEO +
NaClO3) [90:10] (c) (PEO + NaClO3) [80:20] (d)
(PEO + NaClO3) [70:30].
Electrochemical cells:
Using (PEO+NaClO3) polymer electrolyte
films, solid state electrochemical cells have been
fabricated with the configuration Na (anode) / (PEO
+ NaClO3) / (I2 + C + electrolyte) (cathode). Sodium
metal was used as the negative-material, and a mix
of iodine (I2), graphite (C) and electrolyte in the ratio
5:5:1 as the positive. The discharge characteristics of
various ratios of (PEO + NaClO3) (90:10), (PEO +
NaClO3) (80:20) and (PEO + NaClO3) (70:30) of
(PEO + NaClO3) at ambient temperature for a
constant load of 100 k are presented in Figure 4.
Table 1. Electrochemical cells parameters of various
(PEO+NaClO3) polymer electrolyte system.
Cell
parameters
Open
Circuit
Voltage
(OCV)
(V)
Short
Circuit
Current
(SCC)
(µA)
Area
(cm2)
Weight
(gm)
Discharge
Time (h)
Current
Density
(µA/cm2)
Power
Density
(mw/kg)
Energy
Density
(mw-h/kg)
(PEO+NaClO3)
(90:10)
(PEO+NaClO3)
(80:20)
(PEO+NaClO3)
(70:30)
2.40
2.97
22.01
42.3
346
1.34
1.34
1.34
1.23
1.10
1.21
42
55
142
16.42
31.56
258.20
12.70
20.30
25.30
533.53
1116.87
3592.60
2.29
Fig.4 Discharge characteristics of (a) (PEO +
NaClO3) [90:10] (b) (PEO + NaClO3) [80:20] and
(c) (PEO + NaClO3) [70:30] of Electrochemical cell
for a constant load of 100k.
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146 | P a g e
4. T. Sreekanth Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 4, Issue 1( Version 1), January 2014, pp.144-147
IV.
CONCLUSION
(PEO + NaClO3) based polymer electrolytes
have been prepared by using solution-casting
technique with the weight ratios (90:10), (80:20) and
(70:30). The complexation of poly (ethylene oxide)
(PEO), NaClO3 have been conform by using X-ray
diffraction (XRD), IR and differential scanning
calorimetry (DSC). Solid-state electrochemical cells
have been fabricated and studied its discharge
characteristics and other cell parameters.
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