The document discusses the evolution of ICT4D (Information and Communication Technologies for Development) projects from ICT4D 1.0 to the emerging ICT4D 2.0 approach. It outlines that most past ICT4D projects have failed to achieve their goals. ICT4D 2.0 calls for new models of engagement that recognize this phase change by taking a demand-driven, bottom-up approach and applying principles from Web 2.0 such as collaboration. The NextEd project is discussed as an example that applies some of these principles through its virtual learning environment and "Ubun2.0" engagement model focused on cooperation, co-creation and an open beta process.

1. Arising out of NextEd Project (www.nexted.info) Transforming ICT4D through Web 2.0 R. Quilling, C. Blewett, M. Hughes School of Information Systems & Technology University of KwaZulu-Natal

2. 1990s: Rapid rise in availability of ICTs, most notably the Internet 2000: Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) Development potential of ICTs beyond question YET: To date, most ICT4D projects have been either partial or total failures UN itself has acknowledged that progress towards the MDGs’ 2015 target has been slow (UN, 2009) ICT4D 1.0: The State of Play

3. 2009: “The ICT4D 2.0 Manifesto” (Heeks, R.) Draws a line under the last 10 years Reflects on lessons learnt Suggests a new direction Development projects should be: Sustainable Scalable Subject to subjective evaluation ICT4D on the threshold of a major phase change Dumping (unaltered) latest tech does not work Moving to ICT4D 2.0?

5. Change the way the target population is perceived

6. From marginalised and passive to centralised and active

7. From supply-driven to demand-driven

9. NextEd-Africa: A Potential Candidate? Not explicitly conceptualised as an ICT4D project BUT: Also rooted in MDGs Education is arguably the ideal vehicle for addressing the MDGs Shapes future generations Provides platform for a new and different future Socio-economic development through rejuvenating education in Africa Potential for exciting cross-pollination of underlying ideas/philosophies with ICT4D

10. NextEd is a global, virtual educational network, built on an ubuntu philosophy of collaboration and a scaffolded model of supportive engagement. Setup NextEd World (VW, SLN) Collaborative Courses Microblogging Environments Integration platforms, role players NextEd

11. NextEd Philosophy Digital campfire – Ubun2.0 A place of no judgment A place of no assumptions Each has a reason for being there Each is welcome Each tells their story Each learns Each leaves to share

12. NextEd – An Intro

13. NextEd 5C Engagement Model

14. Adopted “use-up” approach Consumers experience through Come, Consume, Collaborate Missing “Connection” ICT4D 2.0 – Learning from NextEd

15. Model of Engagement Trust and motivation is NB Exposure to NextEd is NB From 5C to 6C

16. Co-operation through Ubun2.0 Engagement Heeks 3 models for innovation Laboratory (pro-poor) – on behalf of Collaborative (para-poor) - alongside Grassroots (per-poor) – within BUT Nomeclature/mindset “rich/poor”, “have/have not” Need an Ubuntu approach

17. Co-operation through Ubun2.0 Engagement So, unlike the pro-para-per -poor separation, Ubuntu is not about seeing ourselves as “separated from one another (but rather as) ... connected” (Archbishop Desmond Tutu, Wikipedia, 2009). “A traveller through a country would stop at a village and he didn't have to ask for food or for water. Once he stops, the people give him food, entertain him. That is one aspect of Ubuntu, but it will have various aspects. Ubuntu does not mean that people should not enrich themselves. The question therefore is: Are you going to do so in order to enable the community around you to be able to improve?” (N.Mandela)

18. Not just Web 2.0 technologies but Web 2.0 Principles Ubunt2.0 Engagement 1. Co-operatoin 2. Co-creation 3. Beta

19. “cooperate, do not control” (Rollettet al, 2007 experience the environment in both a “consume/receive” and “collaborate/give” Co-operation through Ubun2.0 Engagement

20. Wiki-Style co-creation No hierarchy – Peer creation Daystar lecturer consumed, then creates and collaborates Co-creation

21. Ubun2.0 Learning Happening A place for imperfect learners, imperfect teachers, with imperfect tools bound together by an important philosophy BETA Mindset

22. Beta Journey éducation sans frontières WebCT – 2002-2003 OLS – 2003-2007 Elgg – (2008) CLOUDe Valley Ravines of Technicality Mt. Institutionus Mahara – 2008 Ning – 2008 Edmodo – 2010 Ning - 2010 CollectiveX – 2009 Grou.ps – 2009

23. NextEd: Potential Outcomes

24. ICT4D phase change means new engagement models are needed Our experiences/reflections show need for Ubuntu-style engagement The future? Africa’s turn is next! Conclusion

25. Any questions, comments, ideas, money ;-)