The document summarizes several major turning points in World War 2 between 1942-1943. It describes how the Germans were stopped outside Moscow but then attacked Leningrad and Stalingrad. It details the Battle of Stalingrad where 300,000 German troops were trapped and surrendered. It also outlines key Allied victories in the Pacific at the Battles of Coral Sea and Midway. Finally, it summarizes Operation Husky which was the Allied invasion of Sicily in 1943, removing Italy from the war and opening the Italian campaign.

1. World War II 1942-43 Turning Points

2. Russia, 1942 The Russian counterattack fizzled outside of Moscow, but protected the city The Germans regroup and attack to the north (Leningrad) and south (Stalingrad)

3. Stalingrad, 1942-43 Germans want the oil fields of the Caucasus region Begin Sept. 1, 1942 Germans capture much of the city in street to street fighting Nov. 23, 1942 Germans get trapped in the city German Commander Von Poulus ordered to fight to the death Between Jan. 31 and Feb. 2, 300,000 German troops surrender

4. American Lend-Lease Begins to Britain in 1941 before USA in war Begins to the Soviets through Iran in 1942 Stalingrad was part of this supply route

5. The End of the War on the Eastern Front From Stalingrad onward the Germans were on the defensive Russians advance all the way to Berlin Largest tank battle in history 5-15 July 1943 at Kursk Jan. 27, 1944 Siege of Leningrad broken 16 April Berlin offensive begins

6. 1942-43 in the Pacific At the same time as Pearl Harbor (Dec. 1941) the Japanese attack, Philippines, Hong Kong, Singapore and Dutch East Indies (oil) Battle of Coral Seas (May 1942) ( First Battle where aircrafts carriers do not see each other ) Battle of Midway June, 1942 Japanese lose 4 carriers to U.S. 1 A process of Island hopping begins in the Pacific ( Guadalcanal ) Battle of Leyte Gulf (Philippines) Oct. 1944 (Largest naval battle ever in history) Japanese lose have of their remaining fleet and 4 more carriers ( kamikazes begin)

8. Operation Husky: Invasion of Italy 1942 El Alamein won by British cutting Germans off from Middle East oil 1943 Germans finally defeated in North Africa 9 July 1943 Allies land in Sicily Italians deposed Mussolini during the Sicily invasion and removed the Fascist government Hitler moved the Germans in to take over the country and rescued Mussolini by plane to Germany 9 Sept. 1943 Allies land at Salerno on the Italian mainland 4 June 1944 to get to Rome Fighting continued until 2 May 1945 Mussolini hung with his mistress near Milan in April 1945

10. “ The Longest Day” D-Day: 6 June 1944 Operation Overlord Allies open a second front in France against the Germans Land on five beaches named Utah and Omaha (American) Juno (Canadian) Sword and Gold (British and Polish) Rommel felt that whoever won the beaches that day would win the war