The document provides guidance on writing paragraphs, including four steps: pre-writing, planning, drafting, and revising/editing. It discusses various pre-writing techniques like brainstorming, clustering, outlining and asking questions. A key part of writing a paragraph is including a topic sentence, supporting details, and a concluding sentence. An effective topic sentence introduces the main idea that the paragraph will explain or expand on. Supporting details then provide explanations, examples, and additional information to support the topic sentence. Finally, a conclusion sentence wraps up the key points covered in the paragraph.

1. How to Write
a Paragraph

2. Four Steps to Do:
A. Pre-writing: Think of ideas
B. Planning: Organize your ideas
C. Drafting: Write the first draft
D. Revising and Editing: Improve your
writing

3. Pre- writing: Ways
to Develop Ideas:
brainstorming
clustering
listing
mapping
charting
outlining
looping
asking questions

4. Brainstorming

5. Team
Building

6. Clustering
It means to bring similar items together.

9. Paragraph’s Block
• Every Paragraph should have a topic
sentence, some sufficient supporting
details and a conclusion.

10. Steps:
Topic
Sentence
Supporting
Details
Supporting
Details
Concluding
Sentence
Supporting
Details

11. Topic Sentence
A topic sentence is the main and most important sentence in a paragraph. It is the
umbrella in the sense that the following sentence should belong and relate to it. It is the
sentence that carries the ideas of the whole paragraph. It should not be too complex or
too simple. It is a developable sentence and can be explained. It is usually the first
sentence in the paragraph unless an introductory sentence is written (Note that
introductory sentences are optional).
Before writing a topic sentence, one should determine the notions and ideas first and
make sure that they are doable and big enough to elaborate.
For example: the sentence “ My father is a brave man” can be a good topic sentence as it
implies one idea that is my father’s bravery. It is not an absolute idea. Rather, it can be
explained why my father is considered brave while the sentence “my father participated
in October war in 1973” is not likely to be regarded a good example of topic sentence.

12. Topic Sentence: Other Examples (the easy way)
Modern technology has some advantages
The internet is a doble-edged weapon
Egypt is one of the best countries in the world for three main reasons
Being a teacher needs several qualifications
The pharaohs possess a great civilization
There are some steps to make a delicious cup of tea

13. Topic Sentence: Other Examples (the expert way)
Modern technology contributes the
individual on the socially and
educationally
Raising man’s awareness and
strengthening their social bonds are
two merits of modern technology
efficient command on classrooms and
high academic performance are
among traits of a respected teacher
A fine cup of tea requires a quality tea
plant and precise heating timer.

14. Supporting Details
• Supporting sentences are meant to support and aid one’s claim. It is
naturally the explanation of the topic sentence. It is one’s defense.
Supporting sentences give a reader details to understand a main idea, or
evidence to show why a claim is true or correct. Its objective is to
bring coherence, flow, and smoothness in a piece of writing. In general, a
supporting sentence has three parts: definitional, explanatory, and
example or a minor supporting detail and an extender.
• All in all, supporting details are of two types: major and minor supporting
details. It is better to provide an example to assure one’s point of view/
claim
• A well-devised advisable style is PEED, which is acronym for “point, explain,
example, develop”

15. Egypt
Egypt is one of the best countries in the world for four main reasons.
First, Egypt has an efficient health care system. All Egyptians have
access to medical services at a reasonable price. Second, Egypt has a
high standard of education. Students are taught by well-trained
teachers and are encouraged to continue studying at university.
Third, Egypt possesses the most admirable monuments in the whole
world. With two halves of the world’s monuments, Egypt captivates
the hearts and minds of mankind. Finally, Egypt's cities are clean
and efficiently managed. Egyptian cities have many parks and lots of
space for people to live. To sum up, Egypt is a desirable place to live
in.

16. Conclusion
To sum up, Egypt is a desirable place to live in.