Write a method expand that could be added to the LinkedlntList class f.docx
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Write a method expand that could be added to the LinkedlntList class from lecture and section. The method accepts an integer fas a parameter and replaces every value/with f copies of the value (i/f). Suppose a LinkedlntList variable list stores the following values: [21, 8, 15, 0, -_3, 32] The call list.expand(3); would change the list to store the following elements: \\7. 7. 7. 2. 2. 2. 5. 5. 5. 0. 0. 0. -1. -1. -1. 10. 10. 101 If an element of the original list is not evenly divisible by f, as with 8 and 32 above, the resulting list should truncate any fractional component (as is done naturally by integer division). If the parameter value passed is 1, the list is unchanged. If it is 0 or negative, the list should become empty. For full credit, your solution must run in O(N) time where N is the length of the list. You may not call any methods of the linked list class to solve this problem, and you may not use any auxiliary data structure to solve this problem (such as an array, ArrayList, Queue, String, etc). Assume that you are using the LinkedlntList and ListNode class as defined in lecture and section: public class LinkedlntList { private ListNode front; methods public class ListNode { public int data;//data stored in this node public ListNode next;//a link to the next node in the list public ListNode() {...} public ListNode(int data) {...} public ListNode(int data, ListNode next) {...} Solution //Function: public void expand(int f) { ListNode ptr = start; ListNode prev; while(ptr!=null) { prev=ptr.getLink(); //get the existing data int i=ptr.getData(); // find quotient int v=i/f; //replace existing data with quotient ptr.setData(v); //f-1 times expanding the same node for(int i=0;i<f-1;i++) { //create new node with quotient value ListNode nptr = new ListNode(v, null); // attach to list ptr.setLink(nptr); ptr=nptr.getLink(); } ptr.setLink(prev); // moving to the next node in the original list ptr=prev; } } .
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![Write a method expand that could be added to the LinkedlntList class from lecture and section.
The method accepts an integer fas a parameter and replaces every value/with f copies of the
value (i/f). Suppose a LinkedlntList variable list stores the following values: [21, 8, 15, 0, -_3,
32] The call list.expand(3); would change the list to store the following elements: 7. 7. 7. 2. 2.
2. 5. 5. 5. 0. 0. 0. -1. -1. -1. 10. 10. 101 If an element of the original list is not evenly divisible by
f, as with 8 and 32 above, the resulting list should truncate any fractional component (as is done
naturally by integer division). If the parameter value passed is 1, the list is unchanged. If it is 0 or
negative, the list should become empty. For full credit, your solution must run in O(N) time
where N is the length of the list. You may not call any methods of the linked list class to solve
this problem, and you may not use any auxiliary data structure to solve this problem (such as an
array, ArrayList, Queue, String, etc). Assume that you are using the LinkedlntList and ListNode
class as defined in lecture and section: public class LinkedlntList { private ListNode front;
methods public class ListNode { public int data;//data stored in this node public ListNode
next;//a link to the next node in the list public ListNode() {...} public ListNode(int data) {...}
public ListNode(int data, ListNode next) {...}
Solution
//Function:
public void expand(int f)
{
ListNode ptr = start;
ListNode prev;
while(ptr!=null)
{
prev=ptr.getLink();
//get the existing data
int i=ptr.getData();
// find quotient
int v=i/f;
//replace existing data with quotient
ptr.setData(v);](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/writeamethodexpandthatcouldbeaddedtothelinkedlntlistclassf-230210035232-e1df6fef/85/Write-a-method-expand-that-could-be-added-to-the-LinkedlntList-class-f-docx-1-320.jpg)
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Description
This assignment builds on top of the ListNode class designed and tested in Assignment 4 where
constructionand testing of the ListNode class has already been done. Recall that a ListNode
object contains a data field and a pointer to the next ListNode object.
We now encapsulate the functions to create, search and update the database into a LinkedList
class. There are two members in this class. A pointer called front that points to a ListNode object
and an integer count of the total number of objects currently in the list.
As before, we are not going to use pre-fabricated classes from the c++ library, but construct the
LinkedList ADT from scratch.
We can now use this class to create a LinkedList object which contains a collection of ListNodes
each having a Song object in the data field. The api is put through its paces by initially testing it
on a dummy database containing four songs. The main program then repeats the testing process
with the song list in the file SongData.txt and then again with the song list in the file
SongDataDouble.txt.
The number of steps taken to populate the database for both files is recorded.
Instruction
#This assignment requires you to
Read the Assignment 5 Notes
Watch the Assignment 5 Support video
Implement the following methods of the LinkedList class
-custom constructor
-setters for next pointer and data
Implement the insert, remove and get method in the LinkedListcpp.h file
Scan the given template to find the above //TODO and implement the code needed
//Requires: Song for inserting
//Effects: creates a new ListNode with input value and inserts in proper position (increasing order
of chart position)in the chain. If LinkedList, adds to the beginning
//Modifies: front, if node is added at the beginning.
//Also changes the next pointer of the previous node to point to the newly inserted list node. the
next pointer of the newly inserted pointer points to what was the next of the previous node. This
way both previous and current links are adjusted
//TODO
template <class T>
int LinkedList<T>::insert( T value, SortBy<T> f){
int steps=0;
//TODO
return steps;
}
//Requires: Song title for searching
//Effects: traverses the LinkedList (database) starting from front until the end comparing titles
Returns the original search value if found otherwise returns an empty song with blank title
//Modifies: Nothing
//TODO
template <class T>
T LinkedList<T>::get(T value){
ListNode<T> * current = front;//this may need to change
//TODO
return current->getData();
}
//TODO
template <class T>
int LinkedList<T>::remove(T value){
//TODO
int steps=0;
return steps;
}
/ /Requires: index position of Song to be found
//Effects: traverses the LinkedList starting from front and travels to the index position (if valid)
and returns the song at that index position. Note index position may NOT be the same as chart
position
//Modifies: Nothing
//TODO
template <class T>
T Linke.
Java AssignmentUsing the ListNode.java file below Write method.pdf
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Using the ListNode.java file below
Write methods called min and max that return the smallest and largest values in the linked list.
These methods will be added to your ListNode class. For example if a variable called list stores
{11, -7, 3, 42, 0, 14], the call of list.min() should return -7 and the call of list.max() should return
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your modified version of the ListNode java file only.
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a single node of a linked // list. This node class is for a list of integer values. public class Listlode
\{ public int data; //data stored in this node public Listliode front;//points to head node public
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public Listlode() \{ 3. // post: constructs a node with given data and null link: public Listlode(int
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Listlode(int data, Listliode next) \{ this.data = data; this. next = next; 3 public String toString() \{
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boolean has(T e)
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an element is removed return true, false otherwise
boolean deleteAll(Collection c)
Deletes all elements within the given collection, this includes dupli-
cates. If it removes an element then return true, otherwise false
1
T mutate(int index, T e)
Sets the element at the given index to the given element and returns
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int length()
Returns the current length of the list
The following functions must also be implemented:
String toString()
Override toString from Object
Should print out with a square bracket at the front and the back of
the list
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boolean equals(Object o)
Override equals from Object
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Description
This assignment builds on top of the ListNode class designed and tested in Assignment 4 where
constructionand testing of the ListNode class has already been done. Recall that a ListNode
object contains a data field and a pointer to the next ListNode object.
We now encapsulate the functions to create, search and update the database into a LinkedList
class. There are two members in this class. A pointer called front that points to a ListNode object
and an integer count of the total number of objects currently in the list.
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LinkedList ADT from scratch.
We can now use this class to create a LinkedList object which contains a collection of ListNodes
each having a Song object in the data field. The api is put through its paces by initially testing it
on a dummy database containing four songs. The main program then repeats the testing process
with the song list in the file SongData.txt and then again with the song list in the file
SongDataDouble.txt.
The number of steps taken to populate the database for both files is recorded.
Instruction
#This assignment requires you to
Read the Assignment 5 Notes
Watch the Assignment 5 Support video
Implement the following methods of the LinkedList class
-custom constructor
-setters for next pointer and data
Implement the insert, remove and get method in the LinkedListcpp.h file
Scan the given template to find the above //TODO and implement the code needed
//Requires: Song for inserting
//Effects: creates a new ListNode with input value and inserts in proper position (increasing order
of chart position)in the chain. If LinkedList, adds to the beginning
//Modifies: front, if node is added at the beginning.
//Also changes the next pointer of the previous node to point to the newly inserted list node. the
next pointer of the newly inserted pointer points to what was the next of the previous node. This
way both previous and current links are adjusted
//TODO
template <class T>
int LinkedList<T>::insert( T value, SortBy<T> f){
int steps=0;
//TODO
return steps;
}
//Requires: Song title for searching
//Effects: traverses the LinkedList (database) starting from front until the end comparing titles
Returns the original search value if found otherwise returns an empty song with blank title
//Modifies: Nothing
//TODO
template <class T>
T LinkedList<T>::get(T value){
ListNode<T> * current = front;//this may need to change
//TODO
return current->getData();
}
//TODO
template <class T>
int LinkedList<T>::remove(T value){
//TODO
int steps=0;
return steps;
}
/ /Requires: index position of Song to be found
//Effects: traverses the LinkedList starting from front and travels to the index position (if valid)
and returns the song at that index position. Note index position may NOT be the same as chart
position
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template <class T>
T Linke.
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Using the ListNode.java file below
Write methods called min and max that return the smallest and largest values in the linked list.
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Prompt
Your task is to create a connected list implementation and a contiguous list
implementation. Both these classes behaves like a list to users but behind the
scenes the connected list class uses a Node class to store the data. This Node
class simply holds the data as well as a reference to the next Node in the list.
The contiguous list class uses an array to hold the data. Both implementations
must implement the ListInterface interface.
For contiguous list a few things should be considered
The array should start at size 10
When an element is added to the list over the size cap the array must
be reallocated with double the size. Then all the data must be copied
over from the previous array. then you must add the new element.
For simplicity the array will only hold Strings. This means the class
implements ListInterface specifically for Strings. I have given you this
code in the starter file.
The ListInterface has the following functions:
void prepend(T e)
Adds the given element to front of the list
void append(T e)
Adds the given element to the end of the list
void insert(int index, T e)
Inserts the given element add the given index
Shifts all elements after the given index up by 1 index
void empty()
Removes all elements from the list
boolean has(T e)
Returns true if the given element exists in the list, false otherwise
T retrieve(int index)
Retrieves the element at the given index, if the index doesnt exist
then return null
boolean isEmpty()
Returns true if the list is empty, false otherwise
T delete(int index)
Deletes the element at the given index and returns it, if the index
doesnt exist then return null
boolean delete(T e)
Deletes the first occurrence of an element from the list if it exists, if
an element is removed return true, false otherwise
boolean deleteAll(Collection c)
Deletes all elements within the given collection, this includes dupli-
cates. If it removes an element then return true, otherwise false
1
T mutate(int index, T e)
Sets the element at the given index to the given element and returns
the old element, return null if the index doesnt exist
int length()
Returns the current length of the list
The following functions must also be implemented:
String toString()
Override toString from Object
Should print out with a square bracket at the front and the back of
the list
Each element should be seperated by a comma and a space
For example if your list had the elements 1 2 and 3 then the
output would be [1, 2, 3]
boolean equals(Object o)
Override equals from Object
Should return true if the contents of your list are equal to the contents
of os list, otherwise false
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* @param highindex Highest index of the array
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descending order, otherwise in ascending order. You should complete the implementations of
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Quicksort is a very fast comparison sorting algorithm, especially wheb the array or list gets large.
However, when the arrays/lists are small enough, quicksort may run slower than some of the
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with a faster algorithm might be negligible, sorting hundreds of small lists with a faster algorithm
can make a difference in the overall efficiency of the sort. For this part of the assignment, you
will combine quicksort with another sorting algorithm to build a faster sorting algorithm. One
option is to
use quicksort until the array/list gets small enough, and then use insertion sort or another sort to
sort the small arrays/lists
What does "small enough" mean? You can try a percentage of the list (say, 5% or 10%), or an
absolute number (5 elements, 8 elements, 10 elements, 15 elements, 100 elements, etc), or
something else of your choosing. Based on your tests, choose the one that is the most efficient.
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-- most notably, it should be efficient on sorted and inverse sorted lists as well as random lists.
The definition of the hybrid quicksort function is as the following:
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* It uses quicksort until the list gets small enough, and then uses insertion s.
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2.(Sorted list: array implementation)This sorted list ADT discussed in class should be extended
by the addition of two new methods:
//Interface: ArrayListADT
//works for int
public interface ArrayListADT {
public boolean isEmpty(); //Method to determine whether the list is empty.
public boolean isFull(); //Method to determine whether the list is full.
public int listSize(); //Method to return the number of elements in the list.
public int maxListSize(); //Method to return the maximum size of the list.
public void print(); //Method to output the elements of the list.
public boolean isItemAtEqual(int location, int item); //Method to determine whether item is
the same as the item in the list at location.
public void insertAt(int location, int insertItem); //Method to insert insertItem in the list at
the position
public void insertEnd(int insertItem); //Method to insert insertItem at the end of the list.
public void removeAt(int location); //Method to remove the item from the list at location.
public int retrieveAt(int location); //Method to retrieve the element from the list at location.
public void replaceAt(int location, int repItem); //Method to replace the element in the list at
location with repItem.
public void clearList(); //Method to remove all the elements from the list.
public int search(int searchItem); //Method to determine whether searchItem is in the list.
public void remove(int removeItem); //Method to remove an item from the list.
}
//Class: ArrayListClass implements
//Interface: ArrayListADT
public abstract class ArrayListClass implements ArrayListADT {
protected int length; //to store the length of the list
protected int maxSize; //to store the maximum size of the list
protected int[] list; //array to hold the list elements
//Default constructor
public ArrayListClass() {
maxSize = 100;
length = 0;
list = new int[maxSize];
}
//Alternate Constructor
public ArrayListClass(int size) {
if(size <= 0) {
System.err.println(\"The array size must be positive. Creating an array of size 100.\");
maxSize = 100;
}
else
maxSize = size;
length = 0;
list = new int[maxSize];
}
public boolean isEmpty() {
return (length == 0);
}
public boolean isFull() {
return (length == maxSize);
}
public int listSize() {
return length;
}
public int maxListSize() {
return maxSize;
}
public void print() {
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
System.out.print(list[i] + \" \");
System.out.println();
}
public boolean isItemAtEqual(int location, int item) {
if (location < 0 || location >= length) {
System.err.println(\"The location of the item to be compared is out of range.\");
return false;
}
return list[location]== item;
}
public void clearList() {
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
list[i] = 0;
length = 0;
System.gc(); //invoke the Java garbage collector
}
public void removeAt(int location) {
if (location < 0 || location >= length)
System.err.println(\"The location of the item to be removed is out of range.\");
else {
for(int i = location; i < length - 1; i++)
list[i] .
This assignment and the next (#5) involve design and development of a.pdf
This assignment and the next (#5) involve design and development of a sequential
non contiguous and dynamic datastructure called LinkedList. A linked list object is
a container consisting of connected ListNode objects. As before, we are not going
to use pre-fabricated classes from the c++ library, but construct the LinkedList
ADT from scratch.
The first step is construction and testing of the ListNode class. A ListNode object
contains a data field and a pointer to the next ListNode object (note the recursive
definition).
#This assignment requires you to
1. Read the Assignment 4 Notes
2. Watch the Assignment 4 Support video
3. Implement the following methods of the ListNode class
-custom constructor
-setters for next pointer and data
4. Implement the insert and remove method in the main program
5. Scan the given template to find the above //TODO and implement the code
needed
//TODO in ListNodecpp.h file
public: ListNode(T idata, ListNode<T> * newNext);
public: void setNext(ListNode<T> * newNext);
public: void setData(T newData);
// TODO in main program
void remove(ListNode<int> * &front,int value)
void insert(ListNode<int> * &front,int value)
# The driver is given ListNodeMain.cpp is given to you that does the following
tests
1. Declares a pointer called front to point to a ListNode of datatype integer
2. Constructs four ListNodes with data 1,2,4 and adds them to form a linked
list.
3. Inserts ListNode with data 3 to the list
4. Removes node 1 and adds it back to test removing and adding the first
element
5. Removes node 3 to test removing a middle node
6. Removes node 4 to test removing the last node
7. Attempt to remove a non existent node
8. Remove all existing nodes to empty the list
9. Insert node 4 and then node 1 to test if insertions preserve order
10.Print the list
Main.cpp
#include <iostream>
#include "ListNodecpp.h"
// REMEMBER each ListNode has two parts : a data field
// and an address field. The address is either null or points to the next node
//in the chain
//Requires: integer value for searching, address of front
//Effects: traverses the list node chain starting from front until the end comparing search value
with listnode getData. Returns the original search value if found, if not adds +1 to indicate not
found
//Modifies: Nothing
int search(ListNode<int> * front, int value);
//Requires: integer value for inserting, address of front
//Effects: creates a new ListNode with value and inserts in proper position (increasing order)in
the chain. If chain is empty, adds to the beginning
//Modifies: front, if node is added at the beginning.
//Also changes the next pointer of the previous node to point to the
//newly inserted list node. the next pointer of the newly inserted pointer
//points to what was the next of the previous node.
//This way both previous and current links are adjusted
//******** NOTE the use of & in passing pointer to front as parameter -
// Why do you think this is needed ?**********
void insert(ListNode<int> * &fr.
Consider the following definitions for linked lists for problems 6 thr.docx
Consider the following definitions for linked lists for problems 6 through 9. typedef int elementType; class LinkedList { public: LinkedList(); //other member functions . . . private: struct node { elementType data; node * next; }; node * first; }; 9. Write the method of the LinkedList class to calculate and return the range of the data values stored in an unsorted singly linked list. (Note: range = largest value – smallest value). Note: If list is empty return 0. int LinkedList::range()
Solution
//function to calculate range in linked list
int LinkedList::range()
{
elementType smallest,largest,range;
// point to the beginning of the list
node* ptr=first;
//if list empty, return 0
if(ptr==NULL)
return 0;
//list is not empty
//assume element in the beginning of the list is smallest
smallest==first->data;
//start from second element in list
ptr=ptr->next;
//traverse the list till end
while(ptr!=NULL)
{
//compare smallest with the items in the list
if(ptr->data<smallest)
{
//if any element is less than smallest
//replace the smallest with that element
smallest=ptr->data;
}
//move to the next node
ptr=ptr->next;
}
largest=first->data;
ptr=first->next;
while(ptr!=NULL)
{
if(ptr->data>largest)
{
largest=ptr->data;
}
ptr=ptr->next;
}
//find range and return it
range=largest-smallest;
return range;
}
.
We would like to build a generic list in such a way that we can start.pdf
We would like to build a generic list in such a way that we can start either at the front, or at the
back, and move through the list in either direction. Here is an example of such a list (shown here
with Strings), drawn as an object diagram: Every Deque has a header that consists of the Sentine
L node. Ihis header neld does not change, but the fields within the Sentinel node (that provide the
links to the first and the last item in the Deque) can and will change. Each data Node has two
links, one to the next item in the list and one to the previous item in the list. The Sentinel node is
always present. It also has next and prev fields, which are consistently updated to link to the head
of the list and to the tail of the list, respectively. The Sentinel and Node classes both inherit from
a common superclass (shown below), because the next or prev item after any given node may be
either a data-carrying Node or the Sentinel marking the end of the list. The list shown above has
four data-carrying nodes and the lone sentinel. The empty list has just the Sentinel, and its links
to the first and to the last item just reference the Sentinel node itself. So an empty list would have
the following object diagram:
The list shown above has four data-carrying nodes and the lone sentinel. The empty list has just
the Sentinel, and its links to the first and to the last item just reference the Sentinel node itself. So
an empty list would have the following object diagram: The class diagram for these classes is as
follows:
We have an abstract class ANode T, which can be either a Sentinel T> node or an actual Node T
containing data. We use an abstract class here instead of an interface because we need to share
the next and prev fields. Moreover, because all ANodes are contained and hidden within the
Deque, no external code needs to know about it: they are implementation details rather than a
publicly visibly datatype definition. 8.1 Data definitions and examples - Define the classes
ANode T, Node T, Sentinel T, and Deque T. - For Sentinel, define a constructor that takes zero
arguments, and initializes the next and prev fields of the Sentinel to the Sentinel itself. - For
Node T, define two constructors: the first one takes just a value of type T, initializes the data
field. The next and prev fields would be nutl. The second convenience constructor should take a
value of type T and two ANode nodes, initialize the data field to the given value, initialize the
next and prev fields to the given nodes, and also update the given nodes to refer back to this
node. Throw an IllegalArgumentException in this constructor if either of the given nodes is null.
(You can use if (theNode == null) {} to test for null-ness.) Note carefully the order of the
arguments in this constructor! The order should match the class diagram above; getting the order
wrong will result in oddly "backwards" lists. - For Deque T, define two constructors: one which
takes zero arguments and initial.
Data Structure
This presentation covers data structures including arrays, linked lists, and stacks. It discusses array types (one and multi-dimensional), linked list types (singly, doubly, circular), and common operations for each. Stack operations like push, pop, peek and applications for infix, prefix, postfix notation conversion are also explained with examples. Code snippets are provided for array traversal, insertion, deletion as well as linked list creation, insertion, deletion and traversal.
UNITIII LDS.pdf
This document discusses linear and non-linear data structures. Linear data structures like arrays, stacks, and queues store elements sequentially. Static linear structures like arrays have fixed sizes while dynamic structures like linked lists can grow and shrink. Non-linear structures like trees and graphs store elements in a hierarchical manner. Common abstract data types (ADTs) include stacks, queues, and lists, which define operations without specifying implementation. Lists can be implemented using arrays or linked lists.
Implementation The starter code includes List.java. You should not c.pdf
Implementation The starter code includes List.java. You should not change anything in List.java.
Your task will be to create LinkedList.java, make LinkedList use generics and inherit from List,
and complete several methods in LinkedList.java. Create LinkedList.java in IntelliJ. Add a main
method to LinkedList.java containing the following code. Your program will not compile again.
public static void main(String[] args) { LinkedList list = new LinkedList();
System.out.println(list.getHead()); System.out.println(list.getTail()); list.add("first");
list.add("middle"); list.add("last"); System.out.println(list.getHead().value);
System.out.println(list.getTail().value); System.out.println(list); } The first issue is that your
LinkedList class does not have a way of specifying what type of data it should store. You can fix
this using Java Generics. Change the first line of your class to the following: LinkedList .
Confirm that the first line in your main method no longer has an error. On the line that declares
the LinkedList class, add extends List before the bracket that begins the class. The first line in
your class will now have a compile error because LinkedList does not implement the methods
required by the List abstract class. Press Ctrl-i to have IntelliJ insert stubs of these methods.
Ensure that Copy JavaDoc is selected so you get JavaDoc comments which describe the method
requirements, then click OK. Your code should now compile again. Next add fields for the head
and tail. These will be of type Node. Create a getHead method which returns your head field, and
a getTail method which returns your tail field. Run your main method now and you will see that
there is a NullPointerException because the add method does not actually add anything to the
list, so head and tail will always be null. Complete the method boolean add(T value) for which
IntelliJ gave you a stub. You need to create a new node with value to add at the end of the list.
This means you will need to connect it to the old tail and update tail to point to the node you
created. Make sure that you handle the case where the list is empty and both head and tail should
be set to the new node you've created. Note: For the full Map I assignment, add will need to
prevent duplicate values being added to the list and should return true or false based on whether
the value was added or not. For this lab, you can ignore this requirement and simply return true.
Add a toString method to your LinkedList class. It should start at the head of your list and
proceed through all the nodes in a loop, combining the values of each node with a comma
between each and square brackets containing the whole thing. When you run your main method,
the final thing printed should be: [first, middle, last] List.java: /** * Specification for a List
ADT. * @author Shubham Chatterjee * @version 03/07/2019 * @param Type */ public abstract
class List { /** * Appends the specified value to the end of this list. * * @para.
Ch 1 intriductions
A data structure is a way of storing data in computer memory so that it can be retrieved and manipulated efficiently. There are two main categories of data structures: linear and non-linear. Linear data structures include arrays, stacks, and queues where elements are stored in a linear order. Non-linear structures include trees and graphs where elements are not necessarily in a linear order. Common operations on data structures include traversing, searching, insertion, deletion, sorting, and merging. Algorithms use data structures to process and solve problems in an efficient manner.
Data structure
The document discusses data structures and linked lists. It defines data structures as logical ways of organizing and storing data in computer memory for efficient use. Linked lists are introduced as a linear data structure where elements are connected via pointers and can grow/shrink dynamically. Algorithms for traversing, inserting, and deleting nodes from singly linked lists using both recursion and iteration are provided with pseudocode.
linked list (c#)
The document discusses list data structures and their implementation using arrays and linked memory. It describes common list operations like insertion, removal, searching, and provides examples of how to implement them with arrays and linked lists. Key list operations include adding and removing elements from different positions, accessing elements by index or pointer, and traversing the list forward and backward. Linked lists offer more flexibility than arrays by not requiring predefined memory allocation.
General Data structures
This document discusses various common data structures, including their definitions, examples, and basic operations. It begins by defining an abstract data type and explaining that a data structure provides one way to implement an ADT by organizing data. Then it provides examples of common data structures like queues, stacks, binary search trees, lists, arrays, linked lists, graphs, and hashing. For each it briefly explains what it is, potential applications, and some basic operations that can be performed on it.
Objective The purpose of this exercise is to create a Linke.pdf
Objective: The purpose of this exercise is to create a Linked List data structure that mimics the
behavior of the Java Standard Library Version (Java API). The outcomes/results of using the
library features should be identical with your own version (My API). However, the underlying
implementation should follow with the descriptions listed below.
Instructions : Create the following Linked List Data Structure with the given description below in
your utils package and use "for loops" for your repetitive tasks.
Where to find starter code in my-api
package.class : utils.LinkedList
package.class : tests.console.week04.LinkedListTest
Where to find your JUNIT test in my-api
package.class : tests.junit.LinkedListJUnitTest
Nested Class that has to be added to LinkedList class
package.class : utils.LinkedList.Node
Task Check List
ONLY "for" loops should be used within the data structure class. There is an automatic 30%
deduction, if other loops are used.
The names of identifiers MUST match the names listed in the description below. Deductions
otherwise.
Complete coding Assignment in your "my-api" GitHub Repository. You will not be graded
otherwise and will receive a 0, if not uploaded there.
Run JUNIT TEST and take a SNAPSHOT of results. Upload PDF of snapshot of your JUnitTest
results to Canvas.
Description
The internal structure of the Linked List is a doubly linked Node data structure and should have
at a minimum the following specifications:
data fields: The data fields to declare are private and you will keep track of the size of the list with
the variable size and the start of the list with the reference variable data.
first is a reference variable for the first Node<E> in the list.
last is a reference variable for the last Node<E> in the list.
size keeps track of the number of nodes in the list of type int. This will allow you to know the
current size of the list without having to traversing the list.
constructors: The overloaded constructors will initialize the data fields size and data.
A constructor that is a default constructor initializes the starting node location first and size to a
zero equivalent, that is, constructs an empty list.
methods: methods that manages the behavior of the linked nodes.
Together, the methods below give the illusion of a index or countable location. Implement these
methods within your generic Linked List class.
Method
Description
Header
public boolean add(E item)
public void add(int index, E item)
public void append( E item)
private void checkIndex(int index)
public boolean contains(E item)
public void clear()
private E detach(int index)
public E get(int index)
public int indexOf(E item)
private void insertBefore(int index, E item)
public boolean isEmpty()
private Node<E> node(int index)
public E remove(int index)
public boolean remove(E item)
public E set(int index, E item)
public int size()
public String toString()
Node Data Structure
The generic Linked List class includes a static Node class as a nested class, .
Objective The purpose of this exercise is to create a Linke.pdf
Objective: The purpose of this exercise is to create a Linked List data structure that mimics the
behavior of the Java Standard Library Version (Java API). The outcomes/results of using the
library features should be identical with your own version (My API). However, the underlying
implementation should follow with the descriptions listed below.
Instructions : Create the following Linked List Data Structure with the given description below in
your utils package and use "for loops" for your repetitive tasks.
Where to find starter code in my-api
package.class : utils.LinkedList
package.class : tests.console.week04.LinkedListTest
Where to find your JUNIT test in my-api
package.class : tests.junit.LinkedListJUnitTest
Nested Class that has to be added to LinkedList class
package.class : utils.LinkedList.Node
Task Check List
ONLY "for" loops should be used within the data structure class. There is an automatic 30%
deduction, if other loops are used.
The names of identifiers MUST match the names listed in the description below. Deductions
otherwise.
Complete coding Assignment in your "my-api" GitHub Repository. You will not be graded
otherwise and will receive a 0, if not uploaded there.
Run JUNIT TEST and take a SNAPSHOT of results. Upload PDF of snapshot of your JUnitTest
results to Canvas.
Description
The internal structure of the Linked List is a doubly linked Node data structure and should have
at a minimum the following specifications:
data fields: The data fields to declare are private and you will keep track of the size of the list with
the variable size and the start of the list with the reference variable data.
first is a reference variable for the first Node<E> in the list.
last is a reference variable for the last Node<E> in the list.
size keeps track of the number of nodes in the list of type int. This will allow you to know the
current size of the list without having to traversing the list.
constructors: The overloaded constructors will initialize the data fields size and data.
A constructor that is a default constructor initializes the starting node location first and size to a
zero equivalent, that is, constructs an empty list.
methods: methods that manages the behavior of the linked nodes.
Together, the methods below give the illusion of a index or countable location. Implement these
methods within your generic Linked List class.
Method
Description
Header
public boolean add(E item)
public void add(int index, E item)
public void append( E item)
private void checkIndex(int index)
public boolean contains(E item)
public void clear()
private E detach(int index)
public E get(int index)
public int indexOf(E item)
private void insertBefore(int index, E item)
public boolean isEmpty()
private Node<E> node(int index)
public E remove(int index)
public boolean remove(E item)
public E set(int index, E item)
public int size()
public String toString()
Node Data Structure
The generic Linked List class includes a static Node class as a nested class, .
Linked List Objective The purpose of this exercise is to cr.pdf
Linked List
Objective: The purpose of this exercise is to create a Linked List data structure that mimics the
behavior of the Java Standard Library Version (Java API). The outcomes/results of using the
library features should be identical with your own version (My API). However, the underlying
implementation should follow with the descriptions listed below.
Instructions : Create the following Linked List Data Structure with the given description below in
your utils package and use "for loops" for your repetitive tasks.
Where to find starter code in my-api
package.class : utils.LinkedList
package.class : tests.console.week04.LinkedListTest
Where to find your JUNIT test in my-api
package.class : tests.junit.LinkedListJUnitTest
Nested Class that has to be added to LinkedList class
package.class : utils.LinkedList.Node
Task Check List
ONLY "for" loops should be used within the data structure class. There is an automatic 30%
deduction, if other loops are used.
The names of identifiers MUST match the names listed in the description below. Deductions
otherwise.
Complete coding Assignment in your "my-api" GitHub Repository. You will not be graded
otherwise and will receive a 0, if not uploaded there.
Run JUNIT TEST and take a SNAPSHOT of results. Upload PDF of snapshot of your JUnitTest
results to Canvas.
Description
The internal structure of the Linked List is a doubly linked Node data structure and should have
at a minimum the following specifications:
data fields: The data fields to declare are private and you will keep track of the size of the list with
the variable size and the start of the list with the reference variable data.
first is a reference variable for the first Node<E> in the list.
last is a reference variable for the last Node<E> in the list.
size keeps track of the number of nodes in the list of type int. This will allow you to know the
current size of the list without having to traversing the list.
constructors: The overloaded constructors will initialize the data fields size and data.
A constructor that is a default constructor initializes the starting node location first and size to a
zero equivalent, that is, constructs an empty list.
methods: methods that manages the behavior of the linked nodes.
Together, the methods below give the illusion of a index or countable location. Implement these
methods within your generic Linked List class.
Method
Description
Header
public boolean add(E item)
public void add(int index, E item)
public void append( E item)
private void checkIndex(int index)
public boolean contains(E item)
public void clear()
private E detach(int index)
public E get(int index)
public int indexOf(E item)
private void insertBefore(int index, E item)
public boolean isEmpty()
private Node<E> node(int index)
public E remove(int index)
public boolean remove(E item)
public E set(int index, E item)
public int size()
public String toString()
Node Data Structure
The generic Linked List class includes a static Node class as a ne.
Datastructures and algorithms prepared by M.V.Brehmanada Reddy
This document provides an introduction to data structures and algorithms. It defines data structures as a way of organizing data that considers both the items stored and their relationship. Common data structures include stacks, queues, lists, trees, graphs, and tables. Data structures are classified as primitive or non-primitive based on how close the data items are to machine-level instructions. Linear data structures like arrays and linked lists store data in a sequence, while non-linear structures like trees and graphs do not rely on sequence. The document outlines several common data structures and their characteristics, as well as abstract data types, algorithms, and linear data structures like arrays. It provides examples of one-dimensional and two-dimensional arrays and how they are represented in
In java.Write a class called GenDoubleLinkedList which is a generi.pdf
In java.
Write a class called GenDoubleLinkedList which is a generic double linked list. This link list is
similar to the single linked list that was shown in class except that each node in addition to
having data and nextLink (which was originally called link) now has prevLink.
The class GenDoubleLinkedList needs to have the following:
Internal class ListNode which hasInstance Variables
data of type T
nextLink of type ListNode
prevLink of type ListNode
Constructors
Default
Parameterized
Instance Variables
head of type ListNode which always points to the beginning of the linked list
current of type ListNode which moves around pointing to one of the nodes
Constructor
A default constructor that initializes head to an empty ListNode and sets current to point at the
head.
Methods
goToNext – This moves the current node forward in the list by one node. It doesn’t move
forward if that node is null
goToPrev – This moves the current node backwards in the list by one node. It doesn’t move
backwards if that node is null.
getDataAtCurrent – returns the data at the current node as long as the current isn’t null
setDataAtCurrent – takes in a parameter and sets the data at the current node to that value as long
as current is not null
insertNodeAfterCurrent – creates a new node based on data that is passed in by a parameter and
puts that node after the current position
deleteCurrentNode – removes the current node from the list by resetting the links
showList – prints out the contents of the list line-by-line
inList – returns a true or false value based on whether or not the data passed in via a parameter is
in the list
Solution
package com.quad.generic;
public class GenDoubleLinkedList {
private ListNode head;
private ListNode tail;
private int size;
public int getSize() {
return size;
}
/**
*
*/
public GenDoubleLinkedList() {
this.head = null;
this.size = 0;
}
@SuppressWarnings(\"hiding\")
class ListNode{
private T data;
private ListNode nextLink;
private ListNode prevLink;
/**
*
*/
public ListNode() {
nextLink=null;
prevLink=null;
data=null;
}
/**
* @param data
* @param nextLink
* @param prevLink
*/
public ListNode(T data, ListNode nextLink,
ListNode prevLink) {
super();
this.data = data;
this.nextLink = nextLink;
this.prevLink = prevLink;
}
public T getData() {
return data;
}
public void setData(T data) {
this.data = data;
}
public ListNode getNextLink() {
return nextLink;
}
public void setNextLink(ListNode nextLink) {
this.nextLink = nextLink;
}
public ListNode getPrevLink() {
return prevLink;
}
public void setPrevLink(ListNode prevLink) {
this.prevLink = prevLink;
}
}
public void goToNext(){
ListNode temp = head;
while(temp != null){
temp = temp.getNextLink();
}
}
public void goToPrev() {
ListNode temporary = tail;
while(temporary != null){
temporary = temporary.getPrevLink();
}
}
public T getDataAtCurrent (int index) {
if (index < 0 || index >= size) {
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
} else {
ListNode current = head;
for (int i = 0; i < index; i.
The Datatypes Concept in Core Python.pptx
This document summarizes the different datatypes in Python. There are numeric, set, boolean, none, sequence, and mapping datatypes. Numeric datatypes represent values with numbers and can be integer, float, or complex. Sequence datatypes maintain order and include strings, bytes, bytearrays, lists, tuples, and ranges. Mapping datatypes like dictionaries are unordered key-value pairs. The document provides examples and definitions of each datatype.
Suppose the population of interest in a particular study is all Queen'.docx
Suppose the population of interest in a particular study is all Queen's students. The researchers email a questionnaire to 20 randomly selected students that are black. 20 that are white, 20 that are asian, 20 that are hispanic, and 20 that don't fall into any of these categories (other). What type of sampling is this? Stratified Random Sampling Simple Random Sampling Voluntary Response Sampling Multistage Random Sampling
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Suppose the Federal Reserve increases deposits at financial institutio.docx
Suppose the Federal Reserve increases deposits at financial institutions by $47 billion through its open market operations. If the reserve requirement for all deposits is 16%, what is the maximum impact the Fed's actions can have on total deposits?
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The document describes modifying an existing Node class to create a doubly linked list implementation called TwoWayLinkedList. The Node class is updated to include a previous node reference. TwoWayLinkedList extends an existing abstract list class and implements list iterator methods to traverse the list in both directions. It overrides common list methods like add, remove, and size.
you will implement some sorting algorithms for arrays and linked lis.pdf
you will implement some sorting algorithms for arrays and linked lists.
Insertion Sort and Quicksort of an array
Implement the insertion sort and quicksort for an integer array. The functions are defined in the
"sorting.h" header file.
/**
* @brief Insertion sort algorithm
* @param array Array to be sorted. The array is modified in place.
* @param lowindex Lowest index of the array
* @param highindex Highest index of the array
* @param reversed If reversed = true, the array should be sorted in descending order, otherwise
in ascending order
*/
void insertionSort(int array[], int lowindex, int highindex, bool reversed = false);
and
**
* @brief Quick sort algorithm
*
* @param array Array to be sorted. The array is modified in place.
* @param lowindex Lowest index of the array
* @param highindex Highest index of the array
* @param reversed If reversed = true, the array should be sorted in descending order, otherwise
in ascending order
*/
void quickSort(int array[], int lowindex, int highindex, bool reversed = false);
The array should be sorted in place. Compared to the examples in the textbook, those functions
have an additional parameter reversed. If reversed = true, the array should be sorted in
descending order, otherwise in ascending order. You should complete the implementations of
those two functions in the "sorting_basic.cpp" file.
A better quicksort algorithm
Quicksort is a very fast comparison sorting algorithm, especially wheb the array or list gets large.
However, when the arrays/lists are small enough, quicksort may run slower than some of the
(n^2) algorithms. This might not seem important until you note that when sorting a large array
with quicksort, many small sublists must be sorted. While the savings on sorting one small list
with a faster algorithm might be negligible, sorting hundreds of small lists with a faster algorithm
can make a difference in the overall efficiency of the sort. For this part of the assignment, you
will combine quicksort with another sorting algorithm to build a faster sorting algorithm. One
option is to
use quicksort until the array/list gets small enough, and then use insertion sort or another sort to
sort the small arrays/lists
What does "small enough" mean? You can try a percentage of the list (say, 5% or 10%), or an
absolute number (5 elements, 8 elements, 10 elements, 15 elements, 100 elements, etc), or
something else of your choosing. Based on your tests, choose the one that is the most efficient.
You should also tests to ensure that your hybrid quicksort has reasonable performance on all lists
-- most notably, it should be efficient on sorted and inverse sorted lists as well as random lists.
The definition of the hybrid quicksort function is as the following:
/**
* @brief A hybrid of insertion sort and quick sort algorithm. The algorithm is based on the idea
that if the array is short, it is better to use insertion sort.
* It uses quicksort until the list gets small enough, and then uses insertion s.
2.(Sorted list array implementation)This sorted list ADT discussed .pdf
2.(Sorted list: array implementation)This sorted list ADT discussed in class should be extended
by the addition of two new methods:
//Interface: ArrayListADT
//works for int
public interface ArrayListADT {
public boolean isEmpty(); //Method to determine whether the list is empty.
public boolean isFull(); //Method to determine whether the list is full.
public int listSize(); //Method to return the number of elements in the list.
public int maxListSize(); //Method to return the maximum size of the list.
public void print(); //Method to output the elements of the list.
public boolean isItemAtEqual(int location, int item); //Method to determine whether item is
the same as the item in the list at location.
public void insertAt(int location, int insertItem); //Method to insert insertItem in the list at
the position
public void insertEnd(int insertItem); //Method to insert insertItem at the end of the list.
public void removeAt(int location); //Method to remove the item from the list at location.
public int retrieveAt(int location); //Method to retrieve the element from the list at location.
public void replaceAt(int location, int repItem); //Method to replace the element in the list at
location with repItem.
public void clearList(); //Method to remove all the elements from the list.
public int search(int searchItem); //Method to determine whether searchItem is in the list.
public void remove(int removeItem); //Method to remove an item from the list.
}
//Class: ArrayListClass implements
//Interface: ArrayListADT
public abstract class ArrayListClass implements ArrayListADT {
protected int length; //to store the length of the list
protected int maxSize; //to store the maximum size of the list
protected int[] list; //array to hold the list elements
//Default constructor
public ArrayListClass() {
maxSize = 100;
length = 0;
list = new int[maxSize];
}
//Alternate Constructor
public ArrayListClass(int size) {
if(size <= 0) {
System.err.println(\"The array size must be positive. Creating an array of size 100.\");
maxSize = 100;
}
else
maxSize = size;
length = 0;
list = new int[maxSize];
}
public boolean isEmpty() {
return (length == 0);
}
public boolean isFull() {
return (length == maxSize);
}
public int listSize() {
return length;
}
public int maxListSize() {
return maxSize;
}
public void print() {
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
System.out.print(list[i] + \" \");
System.out.println();
}
public boolean isItemAtEqual(int location, int item) {
if (location < 0 || location >= length) {
System.err.println(\"The location of the item to be compared is out of range.\");
return false;
}
return list[location]== item;
}
public void clearList() {
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
list[i] = 0;
length = 0;
System.gc(); //invoke the Java garbage collector
}
public void removeAt(int location) {
if (location < 0 || location >= length)
System.err.println(\"The location of the item to be removed is out of range.\");
else {
for(int i = location; i < length - 1; i++)
list[i] .
This assignment and the next (#5) involve design and development of a.pdf
This assignment and the next (#5) involve design and development of a sequential
non contiguous and dynamic datastructure called LinkedList. A linked list object is
a container consisting of connected ListNode objects. As before, we are not going
to use pre-fabricated classes from the c++ library, but construct the LinkedList
ADT from scratch.
The first step is construction and testing of the ListNode class. A ListNode object
contains a data field and a pointer to the next ListNode object (note the recursive
definition).
#This assignment requires you to
1. Read the Assignment 4 Notes
2. Watch the Assignment 4 Support video
3. Implement the following methods of the ListNode class
-custom constructor
-setters for next pointer and data
4. Implement the insert and remove method in the main program
5. Scan the given template to find the above //TODO and implement the code
needed
//TODO in ListNodecpp.h file
public: ListNode(T idata, ListNode<T> * newNext);
public: void setNext(ListNode<T> * newNext);
public: void setData(T newData);
// TODO in main program
void remove(ListNode<int> * &front,int value)
void insert(ListNode<int> * &front,int value)
# The driver is given ListNodeMain.cpp is given to you that does the following
tests
1. Declares a pointer called front to point to a ListNode of datatype integer
2. Constructs four ListNodes with data 1,2,4 and adds them to form a linked
list.
3. Inserts ListNode with data 3 to the list
4. Removes node 1 and adds it back to test removing and adding the first
element
5. Removes node 3 to test removing a middle node
6. Removes node 4 to test removing the last node
7. Attempt to remove a non existent node
8. Remove all existing nodes to empty the list
9. Insert node 4 and then node 1 to test if insertions preserve order
10.Print the list
Main.cpp
#include <iostream>
#include "ListNodecpp.h"
// REMEMBER each ListNode has two parts : a data field
// and an address field. The address is either null or points to the next node
//in the chain
//Requires: integer value for searching, address of front
//Effects: traverses the list node chain starting from front until the end comparing search value
with listnode getData. Returns the original search value if found, if not adds +1 to indicate not
found
//Modifies: Nothing
int search(ListNode<int> * front, int value);
//Requires: integer value for inserting, address of front
//Effects: creates a new ListNode with value and inserts in proper position (increasing order)in
the chain. If chain is empty, adds to the beginning
//Modifies: front, if node is added at the beginning.
//Also changes the next pointer of the previous node to point to the
//newly inserted list node. the next pointer of the newly inserted pointer
//points to what was the next of the previous node.
//This way both previous and current links are adjusted
//******** NOTE the use of & in passing pointer to front as parameter -
// Why do you think this is needed ?**********
void insert(ListNode<int> * &fr.
Consider the following definitions for linked lists for problems 6 thr.docx
Consider the following definitions for linked lists for problems 6 through 9. typedef int elementType; class LinkedList { public: LinkedList(); //other member functions . . . private: struct node { elementType data; node * next; }; node * first; }; 9. Write the method of the LinkedList class to calculate and return the range of the data values stored in an unsorted singly linked list. (Note: range = largest value – smallest value). Note: If list is empty return 0. int LinkedList::range()
Solution
//function to calculate range in linked list
int LinkedList::range()
{
elementType smallest,largest,range;
// point to the beginning of the list
node* ptr=first;
//if list empty, return 0
if(ptr==NULL)
return 0;
//list is not empty
//assume element in the beginning of the list is smallest
smallest==first->data;
//start from second element in list
ptr=ptr->next;
//traverse the list till end
while(ptr!=NULL)
{
//compare smallest with the items in the list
if(ptr->data<smallest)
{
//if any element is less than smallest
//replace the smallest with that element
smallest=ptr->data;
}
//move to the next node
ptr=ptr->next;
}
largest=first->data;
ptr=first->next;
while(ptr!=NULL)
{
if(ptr->data>largest)
{
largest=ptr->data;
}
ptr=ptr->next;
}
//find range and return it
range=largest-smallest;
return range;
}
.
We would like to build a generic list in such a way that we can start.pdf
We would like to build a generic list in such a way that we can start either at the front, or at the
back, and move through the list in either direction. Here is an example of such a list (shown here
with Strings), drawn as an object diagram: Every Deque has a header that consists of the Sentine
L node. Ihis header neld does not change, but the fields within the Sentinel node (that provide the
links to the first and the last item in the Deque) can and will change. Each data Node has two
links, one to the next item in the list and one to the previous item in the list. The Sentinel node is
always present. It also has next and prev fields, which are consistently updated to link to the head
of the list and to the tail of the list, respectively. The Sentinel and Node classes both inherit from
a common superclass (shown below), because the next or prev item after any given node may be
either a data-carrying Node or the Sentinel marking the end of the list. The list shown above has
four data-carrying nodes and the lone sentinel. The empty list has just the Sentinel, and its links
to the first and to the last item just reference the Sentinel node itself. So an empty list would have
the following object diagram:
The list shown above has four data-carrying nodes and the lone sentinel. The empty list has just
the Sentinel, and its links to the first and to the last item just reference the Sentinel node itself. So
an empty list would have the following object diagram: The class diagram for these classes is as
follows:
We have an abstract class ANode T, which can be either a Sentinel T> node or an actual Node T
containing data. We use an abstract class here instead of an interface because we need to share
the next and prev fields. Moreover, because all ANodes are contained and hidden within the
Deque, no external code needs to know about it: they are implementation details rather than a
publicly visibly datatype definition. 8.1 Data definitions and examples - Define the classes
ANode T, Node T, Sentinel T, and Deque T. - For Sentinel, define a constructor that takes zero
arguments, and initializes the next and prev fields of the Sentinel to the Sentinel itself. - For
Node T, define two constructors: the first one takes just a value of type T, initializes the data
field. The next and prev fields would be nutl. The second convenience constructor should take a
value of type T and two ANode nodes, initialize the data field to the given value, initialize the
next and prev fields to the given nodes, and also update the given nodes to refer back to this
node. Throw an IllegalArgumentException in this constructor if either of the given nodes is null.
(You can use if (theNode == null) {} to test for null-ness.) Note carefully the order of the
arguments in this constructor! The order should match the class diagram above; getting the order
wrong will result in oddly "backwards" lists. - For Deque T, define two constructors: one which
takes zero arguments and initial.
Data Structure
This presentation covers data structures including arrays, linked lists, and stacks. It discusses array types (one and multi-dimensional), linked list types (singly, doubly, circular), and common operations for each. Stack operations like push, pop, peek and applications for infix, prefix, postfix notation conversion are also explained with examples. Code snippets are provided for array traversal, insertion, deletion as well as linked list creation, insertion, deletion and traversal.
UNITIII LDS.pdf
This document discusses linear and non-linear data structures. Linear data structures like arrays, stacks, and queues store elements sequentially. Static linear structures like arrays have fixed sizes while dynamic structures like linked lists can grow and shrink. Non-linear structures like trees and graphs store elements in a hierarchical manner. Common abstract data types (ADTs) include stacks, queues, and lists, which define operations without specifying implementation. Lists can be implemented using arrays or linked lists.
Implementation The starter code includes List.java. You should not c.pdf
Implementation The starter code includes List.java. You should not change anything in List.java.
Your task will be to create LinkedList.java, make LinkedList use generics and inherit from List,
and complete several methods in LinkedList.java. Create LinkedList.java in IntelliJ. Add a main
method to LinkedList.java containing the following code. Your program will not compile again.
public static void main(String[] args) { LinkedList list = new LinkedList();
System.out.println(list.getHead()); System.out.println(list.getTail()); list.add("first");
list.add("middle"); list.add("last"); System.out.println(list.getHead().value);
System.out.println(list.getTail().value); System.out.println(list); } The first issue is that your
LinkedList class does not have a way of specifying what type of data it should store. You can fix
this using Java Generics. Change the first line of your class to the following: LinkedList .
Confirm that the first line in your main method no longer has an error. On the line that declares
the LinkedList class, add extends List before the bracket that begins the class. The first line in
your class will now have a compile error because LinkedList does not implement the methods
required by the List abstract class. Press Ctrl-i to have IntelliJ insert stubs of these methods.
Ensure that Copy JavaDoc is selected so you get JavaDoc comments which describe the method
requirements, then click OK. Your code should now compile again. Next add fields for the head
and tail. These will be of type Node. Create a getHead method which returns your head field, and
a getTail method which returns your tail field. Run your main method now and you will see that
there is a NullPointerException because the add method does not actually add anything to the
list, so head and tail will always be null. Complete the method boolean add(T value) for which
IntelliJ gave you a stub. You need to create a new node with value to add at the end of the list.
This means you will need to connect it to the old tail and update tail to point to the node you
created. Make sure that you handle the case where the list is empty and both head and tail should
be set to the new node you've created. Note: For the full Map I assignment, add will need to
prevent duplicate values being added to the list and should return true or false based on whether
the value was added or not. For this lab, you can ignore this requirement and simply return true.
Add a toString method to your LinkedList class. It should start at the head of your list and
proceed through all the nodes in a loop, combining the values of each node with a comma
between each and square brackets containing the whole thing. When you run your main method,
the final thing printed should be: [first, middle, last] List.java: /** * Specification for a List
ADT. * @author Shubham Chatterjee * @version 03/07/2019 * @param Type */ public abstract
class List { /** * Appends the specified value to the end of this list. * * @para.
Ch 1 intriductions
A data structure is a way of storing data in computer memory so that it can be retrieved and manipulated efficiently. There are two main categories of data structures: linear and non-linear. Linear data structures include arrays, stacks, and queues where elements are stored in a linear order. Non-linear structures include trees and graphs where elements are not necessarily in a linear order. Common operations on data structures include traversing, searching, insertion, deletion, sorting, and merging. Algorithms use data structures to process and solve problems in an efficient manner.
Data structure
The document discusses data structures and linked lists. It defines data structures as logical ways of organizing and storing data in computer memory for efficient use. Linked lists are introduced as a linear data structure where elements are connected via pointers and can grow/shrink dynamically. Algorithms for traversing, inserting, and deleting nodes from singly linked lists using both recursion and iteration are provided with pseudocode.
linked list (c#)
The document discusses list data structures and their implementation using arrays and linked memory. It describes common list operations like insertion, removal, searching, and provides examples of how to implement them with arrays and linked lists. Key list operations include adding and removing elements from different positions, accessing elements by index or pointer, and traversing the list forward and backward. Linked lists offer more flexibility than arrays by not requiring predefined memory allocation.
General Data structures
This document discusses various common data structures, including their definitions, examples, and basic operations. It begins by defining an abstract data type and explaining that a data structure provides one way to implement an ADT by organizing data. Then it provides examples of common data structures like queues, stacks, binary search trees, lists, arrays, linked lists, graphs, and hashing. For each it briefly explains what it is, potential applications, and some basic operations that can be performed on it.
Objective The purpose of this exercise is to create a Linke.pdf
Objective: The purpose of this exercise is to create a Linked List data structure that mimics the
behavior of the Java Standard Library Version (Java API). The outcomes/results of using the
library features should be identical with your own version (My API). However, the underlying
implementation should follow with the descriptions listed below.
Instructions : Create the following Linked List Data Structure with the given description below in
your utils package and use "for loops" for your repetitive tasks.
Where to find starter code in my-api
package.class : utils.LinkedList
package.class : tests.console.week04.LinkedListTest
Where to find your JUNIT test in my-api
package.class : tests.junit.LinkedListJUnitTest
Nested Class that has to be added to LinkedList class
package.class : utils.LinkedList.Node
Task Check List
ONLY "for" loops should be used within the data structure class. There is an automatic 30%
deduction, if other loops are used.
The names of identifiers MUST match the names listed in the description below. Deductions
otherwise.
Complete coding Assignment in your "my-api" GitHub Repository. You will not be graded
otherwise and will receive a 0, if not uploaded there.
Run JUNIT TEST and take a SNAPSHOT of results. Upload PDF of snapshot of your JUnitTest
results to Canvas.
Description
The internal structure of the Linked List is a doubly linked Node data structure and should have
at a minimum the following specifications:
data fields: The data fields to declare are private and you will keep track of the size of the list with
the variable size and the start of the list with the reference variable data.
first is a reference variable for the first Node<E> in the list.
last is a reference variable for the last Node<E> in the list.
size keeps track of the number of nodes in the list of type int. This will allow you to know the
current size of the list without having to traversing the list.
constructors: The overloaded constructors will initialize the data fields size and data.
A constructor that is a default constructor initializes the starting node location first and size to a
zero equivalent, that is, constructs an empty list.
methods: methods that manages the behavior of the linked nodes.
Together, the methods below give the illusion of a index or countable location. Implement these
methods within your generic Linked List class.
Method
Description
Header
public boolean add(E item)
public void add(int index, E item)
public void append( E item)
private void checkIndex(int index)
public boolean contains(E item)
public void clear()
private E detach(int index)
public E get(int index)
public int indexOf(E item)
private void insertBefore(int index, E item)
public boolean isEmpty()
private Node<E> node(int index)
public E remove(int index)
public boolean remove(E item)
public E set(int index, E item)
public int size()
public String toString()
Node Data Structure
The generic Linked List class includes a static Node class as a nested class, .
Objective The purpose of this exercise is to create a Linke.pdf
Objective: The purpose of this exercise is to create a Linked List data structure that mimics the
behavior of the Java Standard Library Version (Java API). The outcomes/results of using the
library features should be identical with your own version (My API). However, the underlying
implementation should follow with the descriptions listed below.
Instructions : Create the following Linked List Data Structure with the given description below in
your utils package and use "for loops" for your repetitive tasks.
Where to find starter code in my-api
package.class : utils.LinkedList
package.class : tests.console.week04.LinkedListTest
Where to find your JUNIT test in my-api
package.class : tests.junit.LinkedListJUnitTest
Nested Class that has to be added to LinkedList class
package.class : utils.LinkedList.Node
Task Check List
ONLY "for" loops should be used within the data structure class. There is an automatic 30%
deduction, if other loops are used.
The names of identifiers MUST match the names listed in the description below. Deductions
otherwise.
Complete coding Assignment in your "my-api" GitHub Repository. You will not be graded
otherwise and will receive a 0, if not uploaded there.
Run JUNIT TEST and take a SNAPSHOT of results. Upload PDF of snapshot of your JUnitTest
results to Canvas.
Description
The internal structure of the Linked List is a doubly linked Node data structure and should have
at a minimum the following specifications:
data fields: The data fields to declare are private and you will keep track of the size of the list with
the variable size and the start of the list with the reference variable data.
first is a reference variable for the first Node<E> in the list.
last is a reference variable for the last Node<E> in the list.
size keeps track of the number of nodes in the list of type int. This will allow you to know the
current size of the list without having to traversing the list.
constructors: The overloaded constructors will initialize the data fields size and data.
A constructor that is a default constructor initializes the starting node location first and size to a
zero equivalent, that is, constructs an empty list.
methods: methods that manages the behavior of the linked nodes.
Together, the methods below give the illusion of a index or countable location. Implement these
methods within your generic Linked List class.
Method
Description
Header
public boolean add(E item)
public void add(int index, E item)
public void append( E item)
private void checkIndex(int index)
public boolean contains(E item)
public void clear()
private E detach(int index)
public E get(int index)
public int indexOf(E item)
private void insertBefore(int index, E item)
public boolean isEmpty()
private Node<E> node(int index)
public E remove(int index)
public boolean remove(E item)
public E set(int index, E item)
public int size()
public String toString()
Node Data Structure
The generic Linked List class includes a static Node class as a nested class, .
Linked List Objective The purpose of this exercise is to cr.pdf
Linked List
Objective: The purpose of this exercise is to create a Linked List data structure that mimics the
behavior of the Java Standard Library Version (Java API). The outcomes/results of using the
library features should be identical with your own version (My API). However, the underlying
implementation should follow with the descriptions listed below.
Instructions : Create the following Linked List Data Structure with the given description below in
your utils package and use "for loops" for your repetitive tasks.
Where to find starter code in my-api
package.class : utils.LinkedList
package.class : tests.console.week04.LinkedListTest
Where to find your JUNIT test in my-api
package.class : tests.junit.LinkedListJUnitTest
Nested Class that has to be added to LinkedList class
package.class : utils.LinkedList.Node
Task Check List
ONLY "for" loops should be used within the data structure class. There is an automatic 30%
deduction, if other loops are used.
The names of identifiers MUST match the names listed in the description below. Deductions
otherwise.
Complete coding Assignment in your "my-api" GitHub Repository. You will not be graded
otherwise and will receive a 0, if not uploaded there.
Run JUNIT TEST and take a SNAPSHOT of results. Upload PDF of snapshot of your JUnitTest
results to Canvas.
Description
The internal structure of the Linked List is a doubly linked Node data structure and should have
at a minimum the following specifications:
data fields: The data fields to declare are private and you will keep track of the size of the list with
the variable size and the start of the list with the reference variable data.
first is a reference variable for the first Node<E> in the list.
last is a reference variable for the last Node<E> in the list.
size keeps track of the number of nodes in the list of type int. This will allow you to know the
current size of the list without having to traversing the list.
constructors: The overloaded constructors will initialize the data fields size and data.
A constructor that is a default constructor initializes the starting node location first and size to a
zero equivalent, that is, constructs an empty list.
methods: methods that manages the behavior of the linked nodes.
Together, the methods below give the illusion of a index or countable location. Implement these
methods within your generic Linked List class.
Method
Description
Header
public boolean add(E item)
public void add(int index, E item)
public void append( E item)
private void checkIndex(int index)
public boolean contains(E item)
public void clear()
private E detach(int index)
public E get(int index)
public int indexOf(E item)
private void insertBefore(int index, E item)
public boolean isEmpty()
private Node<E> node(int index)
public E remove(int index)
public boolean remove(E item)
public E set(int index, E item)
public int size()
public String toString()
Node Data Structure
The generic Linked List class includes a static Node class as a ne.
Datastructures and algorithms prepared by M.V.Brehmanada Reddy
This document provides an introduction to data structures and algorithms. It defines data structures as a way of organizing data that considers both the items stored and their relationship. Common data structures include stacks, queues, lists, trees, graphs, and tables. Data structures are classified as primitive or non-primitive based on how close the data items are to machine-level instructions. Linear data structures like arrays and linked lists store data in a sequence, while non-linear structures like trees and graphs do not rely on sequence. The document outlines several common data structures and their characteristics, as well as abstract data types, algorithms, and linear data structures like arrays. It provides examples of one-dimensional and two-dimensional arrays and how they are represented in
In java.Write a class called GenDoubleLinkedList which is a generi.pdf
In java.
Write a class called GenDoubleLinkedList which is a generic double linked list. This link list is
similar to the single linked list that was shown in class except that each node in addition to
having data and nextLink (which was originally called link) now has prevLink.
The class GenDoubleLinkedList needs to have the following:
Internal class ListNode which hasInstance Variables
data of type T
nextLink of type ListNode
prevLink of type ListNode
Constructors
Default
Parameterized
Instance Variables
head of type ListNode which always points to the beginning of the linked list
current of type ListNode which moves around pointing to one of the nodes
Constructor
A default constructor that initializes head to an empty ListNode and sets current to point at the
head.
Methods
goToNext – This moves the current node forward in the list by one node. It doesn’t move
forward if that node is null
goToPrev – This moves the current node backwards in the list by one node. It doesn’t move
backwards if that node is null.
getDataAtCurrent – returns the data at the current node as long as the current isn’t null
setDataAtCurrent – takes in a parameter and sets the data at the current node to that value as long
as current is not null
insertNodeAfterCurrent – creates a new node based on data that is passed in by a parameter and
puts that node after the current position
deleteCurrentNode – removes the current node from the list by resetting the links
showList – prints out the contents of the list line-by-line
inList – returns a true or false value based on whether or not the data passed in via a parameter is
in the list
Solution
package com.quad.generic;
public class GenDoubleLinkedList {
private ListNode head;
private ListNode tail;
private int size;
public int getSize() {
return size;
}
/**
*
*/
public GenDoubleLinkedList() {
this.head = null;
this.size = 0;
}
@SuppressWarnings(\"hiding\")
class ListNode{
private T data;
private ListNode nextLink;
private ListNode prevLink;
/**
*
*/
public ListNode() {
nextLink=null;
prevLink=null;
data=null;
}
/**
* @param data
* @param nextLink
* @param prevLink
*/
public ListNode(T data, ListNode nextLink,
ListNode prevLink) {
super();
this.data = data;
this.nextLink = nextLink;
this.prevLink = prevLink;
}
public T getData() {
return data;
}
public void setData(T data) {
this.data = data;
}
public ListNode getNextLink() {
return nextLink;
}
public void setNextLink(ListNode nextLink) {
this.nextLink = nextLink;
}
public ListNode getPrevLink() {
return prevLink;
}
public void setPrevLink(ListNode prevLink) {
this.prevLink = prevLink;
}
}
public void goToNext(){
ListNode temp = head;
while(temp != null){
temp = temp.getNextLink();
}
}
public void goToPrev() {
ListNode temporary = tail;
while(temporary != null){
temporary = temporary.getPrevLink();
}
}
public T getDataAtCurrent (int index) {
if (index < 0 || index >= size) {
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
} else {
ListNode current = head;
for (int i = 0; i < index; i.
The Datatypes Concept in Core Python.pptx
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