this is presentation talks about basic & updated advanced wounds care,,,,,,,2nd presentation in my internship..i hope you will get benefit from it ......Dr/ Wadie Madi
The document discusses various topics related to skin and wound care including:
- The layers of skin and types of wounds
- Staging criteria for pressure ulcers which describes the level of tissue damage
- Risk factors for pressure ulcers like limited mobility and incontinence
- Guidelines for preventing pressure ulcers including repositioning, maintaining nutrition, and managing moisture
- Common skin conditions like fungal infections, abrasions, and vascular wounds
This document provides information on nursing care for patients with wounds. It begins by defining wounds and describing the wound healing process. It then classifies wounds by intent, whether open or closed, degree of contamination, and depth. Various types of wounds like incisions, contusions, and lacerations are described. Stages of pressure ulcers are defined. The document outlines factors that influence wound healing and potential complications. It discusses assessing wounds by location, appearance, drainage, and for pressure ulcers, the tissue type. Nursing diagnoses, care planning, interventions, and dressing considerations are presented for different wound stages. Cleaning and securing dressings is demonstrated. References are provided.
This document provides information on wound management and wound care. It discusses the different types of wounds including acute and chronic wounds. The goals of wound care are to identify any wounds or complications, prescribe preventative measures to promote skin integrity, and treat any wounds. There are four phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation and remodeling. The three types of wound healing and closure are primary, secondary and tertiary. Various wound dressings are also described like hydrocolloid, hydrogel and alginate. The wound care market is large and growing, dominated by major players. Pricing for common wound dressings is also listed.
Proper wound care is necessary to prevent infection, assure there are no other associated injuries, and to promote healing of the skin. An additional goal, if possible, is to have a good cosmetic result after the wound has completely healed. This wound care article is designed to present information on wounds involving mainly the skin; it is not meant to cover all wounds (for example, gunshot, degloving wounds, tendon lacerations, and others).
This document provides an overview of wound management. It discusses wound classification, the wound healing process, factors affecting wound healing, wound assessment, types of wound drainage, complications of wound healing, and various wound dressing techniques. The three main phases of wound healing are the inflammatory phase, proliferative phase, and maturation phase. Wound classification includes factors like the mechanism of injury, degree of contamination, and wound depth. Proper wound management requires assessing these classifications and factors to determine the appropriate treatment approach.
This document discusses the management of non-healing wounds, which requires a multidisciplinary approach involving thorough assessment and wound bed preparation. It outlines the key factors in assessment including patient history, wound characteristics, and factors affecting healing. Wound bed preparation principles of debridement, control of inflammation and infection, and maintenance of moisture balance are explained. Various debridement methods and appropriate dressings to promote healing are also described.
1) The document discusses current trends in wound management, outlining the phases of wound healing and factors that affect it.
2) Key aspects of wound management covered include wound bed preparation through debridement and dressing, as well as various closure methods and the use of negative pressure wound therapy.
3) Emerging treatments like hyperbaric oxygen therapy and various wound covers including skin substitutes are also summarized.
This document provides information on wound management. It defines different types of wounds such as incised wounds, abrasions, punctured wounds, and burns. Wounds are classified as clean, contaminated, or infected. The stages of wound healing are hemostasis, proliferation, and remodeling. Factors that can affect healing include ischemia, infection, and patient health issues. Proper wound management includes irrigation, debridement, closure methods like sutures, and dressing. Complications to watch for are infection, scarring, and tissue necrosis.
The document discusses various topics related to skin and wound care including:
- The layers of skin and types of wounds
- Staging criteria for pressure ulcers which describes the level of tissue damage
- Risk factors for pressure ulcers like limited mobility and incontinence
- Guidelines for preventing pressure ulcers including repositioning, maintaining nutrition, and managing moisture
- Common skin conditions like fungal infections, abrasions, and vascular wounds
This document provides information on nursing care for patients with wounds. It begins by defining wounds and describing the wound healing process. It then classifies wounds by intent, whether open or closed, degree of contamination, and depth. Various types of wounds like incisions, contusions, and lacerations are described. Stages of pressure ulcers are defined. The document outlines factors that influence wound healing and potential complications. It discusses assessing wounds by location, appearance, drainage, and for pressure ulcers, the tissue type. Nursing diagnoses, care planning, interventions, and dressing considerations are presented for different wound stages. Cleaning and securing dressings is demonstrated. References are provided.
This document provides information on wound management and wound care. It discusses the different types of wounds including acute and chronic wounds. The goals of wound care are to identify any wounds or complications, prescribe preventative measures to promote skin integrity, and treat any wounds. There are four phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation and remodeling. The three types of wound healing and closure are primary, secondary and tertiary. Various wound dressings are also described like hydrocolloid, hydrogel and alginate. The wound care market is large and growing, dominated by major players. Pricing for common wound dressings is also listed.
Proper wound care is necessary to prevent infection, assure there are no other associated injuries, and to promote healing of the skin. An additional goal, if possible, is to have a good cosmetic result after the wound has completely healed. This wound care article is designed to present information on wounds involving mainly the skin; it is not meant to cover all wounds (for example, gunshot, degloving wounds, tendon lacerations, and others).
This document provides an overview of wound management. It discusses wound classification, the wound healing process, factors affecting wound healing, wound assessment, types of wound drainage, complications of wound healing, and various wound dressing techniques. The three main phases of wound healing are the inflammatory phase, proliferative phase, and maturation phase. Wound classification includes factors like the mechanism of injury, degree of contamination, and wound depth. Proper wound management requires assessing these classifications and factors to determine the appropriate treatment approach.
This document discusses the management of non-healing wounds, which requires a multidisciplinary approach involving thorough assessment and wound bed preparation. It outlines the key factors in assessment including patient history, wound characteristics, and factors affecting healing. Wound bed preparation principles of debridement, control of inflammation and infection, and maintenance of moisture balance are explained. Various debridement methods and appropriate dressings to promote healing are also described.
1) The document discusses current trends in wound management, outlining the phases of wound healing and factors that affect it.
2) Key aspects of wound management covered include wound bed preparation through debridement and dressing, as well as various closure methods and the use of negative pressure wound therapy.
3) Emerging treatments like hyperbaric oxygen therapy and various wound covers including skin substitutes are also summarized.
This document provides information on wound management. It defines different types of wounds such as incised wounds, abrasions, punctured wounds, and burns. Wounds are classified as clean, contaminated, or infected. The stages of wound healing are hemostasis, proliferation, and remodeling. Factors that can affect healing include ischemia, infection, and patient health issues. Proper wound management includes irrigation, debridement, closure methods like sutures, and dressing. Complications to watch for are infection, scarring, and tissue necrosis.
This contains wound and wound dressing,classification of wound,
signs and symptoms of wound
Diagnostic evaluation od wound
Wound healing process,
Factors affecting wound healing
Complication of wound
Wound Dressing
Types of dressing
Articles need in wound dreassing
An ideal wound dressing provides protection, maintains moisture, reduces pain, and absorbs exudate. It should not induce pain or itching, be easy to change, allow gaseous exchange, and be inexpensive and readily available. Common types include gauze, tulle, hydrocolloid, hydrogel, alginate, and foam dressings. Vacuum assisted closure (VAC) uses negative pressure to contract the wound and remove exudate, promoting healing through micro and macrostrain. The appropriate dressing depends on the wound characteristics, with dry wounds suited to hydrocolloid or hydrogel and exudating wounds to hydrocolloid or foam.
The document discusses wound assessment and management. It outlines the wound care team members and principles of wound management which include identifying underlying causes, controlling impairing factors, and providing local wound care and maintenance therapy. Wound assessment focuses on tissue type, infection/inflammation, moisture imbalance, and wound edge. Various wound dressings and therapies are described for treating different wound characteristics and addressing factors like moisture, infection, and wound edge issues. The wound care services provided are also summarized.
A wound is an injury that breaks the skin or other external surface. There are two main types of wounds - open wounds caused by cuts, lacerations, abrasions, punctures or gunshots, and closed wounds like bruises, blood tumors or crush injuries. Wound closure can be primary, where the wound is immediately sealed, secondary where it closes on its own over time, or delayed primary where it is closed after repeated cleaning. The phases of healing are inflammatory, proliferative and maturational, involving processes like blood clotting, new cell and blood vessel growth, and scar formation. Factors that can affect healing include infection, nutrition, steroids, mechanical forces, age, radiation, and diseases like
This document discusses pressure ulcers (bed sores) including their etiology, stages, and nursing interventions. It describes the four stages of pressure ulcers from non-blanching redness (Stage 1) to full thickness tissue loss exposing bone or muscle (Stage 4). The document also lists nursing measures to prevent pressure ulcers such as frequent repositioning, keeping skin clean and dry, using pressure-relieving devices, and avoiding shearing forces during movement.
1. A wound is a break in the skin or tissue integrity often disrupting structure and function. Wounds are classified based on factors like cause, depth, and healing process.
2. Wound healing involves three phases - inflammatory, proliferative, and remodeling. The inflammatory phase begins immediately after injury. Then proliferation and tissue repair occurs over 3 weeks. Remodeling lasts from 3 weeks to 2 years.
3. Factors like wound site, contamination, and underlying health conditions can affect healing. Complications include hypertrophic scars and keloids. Proper wound management includes cleaning, debridement if needed, and closure through various suturing techniques depending
This document provides information on wound healing and care. It begins with the anatomy and functions of healthy skin. The three layers of skin - epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous tissue - are described. The four phases of wound healing are explained: inflammatory, proliferative, maturation and remodeling. Types of wounds and factors influencing healing are defined. Proper wound observation, cleaning, dressing and drainage are outlined as important for promoting healing.
This document provides an overview of wound care including wound healing processes, types of wounds, evaluation and documentation of wounds, and wound management. It discusses the stages of wound healing including hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Different types of wounds such as incisions, lacerations, abrasions, and puncture wounds are described along with factors to evaluate like location, size, exudate, signs of infection, and surrounding tissue condition. Methods of documentation including photography and standardized descriptions are covered. The management section addresses wound care plans, cleaning, debridement, exudate management using various dressing materials, and treatment of infections.
The document discusses guidelines for wound management, with the goals of quick closure, avoiding infection, and excellent cosmetic results. It outlines the "golden period" for wound repair being within 6 hours for extremities and 24 hours for face/scalp wounds. Tetanus-prone wounds are defined as being over 6 hours old, deep, contaminated, or involving dead tissue. Physical exam evaluates location, size, neurovascular status, and presence of foreign bodies. Wound preparation involves irrigation and cleaning without use of detergents or hydrogen peroxide. Closure techniques include primary, delayed primary, and secondary depending on wound characteristics. Appropriate materials include sutures, staples, tissue adhesives, or tapes depending
Pressure ulcers, also known as decubitus ulcers or bed sores, are localized areas of soft tissue damage that result from prolonged pressure. They are staged from 1 to 4 based on depth of tissue damage. Risk factors include older age, immobility, moisture, and poor nutrition. Treatment focuses on relieving pressure, cleaning and debridement of wounds, dressing changes, and surgery if needed to prevent complications like infection.
This document discusses pressure ulcers, including their definition, staging, epidemiology, pathophysiology, presentation, assessment, and management. Pressure ulcers are lesions caused by unrelieved pressure that damage underlying tissue. They are commonly staged from I to IV based on depth of tissue damage. Risk factors include immobility, incontinence, and nutritional deficiencies. Treatment involves reducing pressure, managing infection, debridement, dressing wounds, and surgery in some cases.
This document provides an overview of wound care management. It discusses the anatomy and physiology of the skin, the phases of wound healing, factors affecting wound healing, different types of wound assessment tools, and the process of wound assessment. It also covers identifying wound aetiology, types of wounds, wound classification, complications of wounds, and selecting appropriate wound products and cleansing solutions. The overall aim is to understand wound care and management.
This document discusses wound management and healing. It covers the goals of wound care including facilitating hemostasis, decreasing tissue loss, promoting healing, and minimizing scarring. The three main types of wound healing - primary, secondary, and tertiary intention - are described. Factors that affect wound healing like diabetes, infection, drugs, nutrition, tissue necrosis and hypoxia are summarized. The basics of wound evaluation, preparation, closure, and aftercare are outlined, including debridement, reducing bioburden, optimizing blood flow and oxygen supply, and using dressings appropriately.
This document discusses wound management. It defines a wound and classifies wounds according to etiology, the Rank-Wakefield system, duration of healing, and degree of contamination. The phases of wound healing and surgical site infections are explained. Wound assessment, debridement of non-viable tissue, and various dressing types are also outlined. The goals of wound management are to create an optimal environment for healing by using techniques like debridement, dressing, and treating any underlying diseases.
The primary goal of wound care is facilitating the natural healing processes rather than technical repair alone. Wound healing involves inflammatory, proliferative, and remodeling phases. Wound preparation includes anesthesia, hemostasis, debridement, cleaning, and closure or dressing. Factors like infection, nutrition, tissue ischemia, and tension can impair healing. Proper wound evaluation and management are essential for optimal healing outcomes.
There are several types of wounds including incisions, contusions, abrasions, punctures, and lacerations. Wound drainage can include serous, purulent, or sanguineous exudate. The RYB color code categorizes wounds as red, yellow, or black based on their appearance and healing phase. Red wounds are usually healing and require protection. Yellow wounds contain slough or pus and should be cleansed. Black wounds have necrotic tissue that requires debridement. Wound cleaning involves using isotonic saline to clean or irrigate wounds as needed based on the amount of exudate or foreign material present.
This contains wound and wound dressing,classification of wound,
signs and symptoms of wound
Diagnostic evaluation od wound
Wound healing process,
Factors affecting wound healing
Complication of wound
Wound Dressing
Types of dressing
Articles need in wound dreassing
An ideal wound dressing provides protection, maintains moisture, reduces pain, and absorbs exudate. It should not induce pain or itching, be easy to change, allow gaseous exchange, and be inexpensive and readily available. Common types include gauze, tulle, hydrocolloid, hydrogel, alginate, and foam dressings. Vacuum assisted closure (VAC) uses negative pressure to contract the wound and remove exudate, promoting healing through micro and macrostrain. The appropriate dressing depends on the wound characteristics, with dry wounds suited to hydrocolloid or hydrogel and exudating wounds to hydrocolloid or foam.
The document discusses wound assessment and management. It outlines the wound care team members and principles of wound management which include identifying underlying causes, controlling impairing factors, and providing local wound care and maintenance therapy. Wound assessment focuses on tissue type, infection/inflammation, moisture imbalance, and wound edge. Various wound dressings and therapies are described for treating different wound characteristics and addressing factors like moisture, infection, and wound edge issues. The wound care services provided are also summarized.
A wound is an injury that breaks the skin or other external surface. There are two main types of wounds - open wounds caused by cuts, lacerations, abrasions, punctures or gunshots, and closed wounds like bruises, blood tumors or crush injuries. Wound closure can be primary, where the wound is immediately sealed, secondary where it closes on its own over time, or delayed primary where it is closed after repeated cleaning. The phases of healing are inflammatory, proliferative and maturational, involving processes like blood clotting, new cell and blood vessel growth, and scar formation. Factors that can affect healing include infection, nutrition, steroids, mechanical forces, age, radiation, and diseases like
This document discusses pressure ulcers (bed sores) including their etiology, stages, and nursing interventions. It describes the four stages of pressure ulcers from non-blanching redness (Stage 1) to full thickness tissue loss exposing bone or muscle (Stage 4). The document also lists nursing measures to prevent pressure ulcers such as frequent repositioning, keeping skin clean and dry, using pressure-relieving devices, and avoiding shearing forces during movement.
1. A wound is a break in the skin or tissue integrity often disrupting structure and function. Wounds are classified based on factors like cause, depth, and healing process.
2. Wound healing involves three phases - inflammatory, proliferative, and remodeling. The inflammatory phase begins immediately after injury. Then proliferation and tissue repair occurs over 3 weeks. Remodeling lasts from 3 weeks to 2 years.
3. Factors like wound site, contamination, and underlying health conditions can affect healing. Complications include hypertrophic scars and keloids. Proper wound management includes cleaning, debridement if needed, and closure through various suturing techniques depending
This document provides information on wound healing and care. It begins with the anatomy and functions of healthy skin. The three layers of skin - epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous tissue - are described. The four phases of wound healing are explained: inflammatory, proliferative, maturation and remodeling. Types of wounds and factors influencing healing are defined. Proper wound observation, cleaning, dressing and drainage are outlined as important for promoting healing.
This document provides an overview of wound care including wound healing processes, types of wounds, evaluation and documentation of wounds, and wound management. It discusses the stages of wound healing including hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Different types of wounds such as incisions, lacerations, abrasions, and puncture wounds are described along with factors to evaluate like location, size, exudate, signs of infection, and surrounding tissue condition. Methods of documentation including photography and standardized descriptions are covered. The management section addresses wound care plans, cleaning, debridement, exudate management using various dressing materials, and treatment of infections.
The document discusses guidelines for wound management, with the goals of quick closure, avoiding infection, and excellent cosmetic results. It outlines the "golden period" for wound repair being within 6 hours for extremities and 24 hours for face/scalp wounds. Tetanus-prone wounds are defined as being over 6 hours old, deep, contaminated, or involving dead tissue. Physical exam evaluates location, size, neurovascular status, and presence of foreign bodies. Wound preparation involves irrigation and cleaning without use of detergents or hydrogen peroxide. Closure techniques include primary, delayed primary, and secondary depending on wound characteristics. Appropriate materials include sutures, staples, tissue adhesives, or tapes depending
Pressure ulcers, also known as decubitus ulcers or bed sores, are localized areas of soft tissue damage that result from prolonged pressure. They are staged from 1 to 4 based on depth of tissue damage. Risk factors include older age, immobility, moisture, and poor nutrition. Treatment focuses on relieving pressure, cleaning and debridement of wounds, dressing changes, and surgery if needed to prevent complications like infection.
This document discusses pressure ulcers, including their definition, staging, epidemiology, pathophysiology, presentation, assessment, and management. Pressure ulcers are lesions caused by unrelieved pressure that damage underlying tissue. They are commonly staged from I to IV based on depth of tissue damage. Risk factors include immobility, incontinence, and nutritional deficiencies. Treatment involves reducing pressure, managing infection, debridement, dressing wounds, and surgery in some cases.
This document provides an overview of wound care management. It discusses the anatomy and physiology of the skin, the phases of wound healing, factors affecting wound healing, different types of wound assessment tools, and the process of wound assessment. It also covers identifying wound aetiology, types of wounds, wound classification, complications of wounds, and selecting appropriate wound products and cleansing solutions. The overall aim is to understand wound care and management.
This document discusses wound management and healing. It covers the goals of wound care including facilitating hemostasis, decreasing tissue loss, promoting healing, and minimizing scarring. The three main types of wound healing - primary, secondary, and tertiary intention - are described. Factors that affect wound healing like diabetes, infection, drugs, nutrition, tissue necrosis and hypoxia are summarized. The basics of wound evaluation, preparation, closure, and aftercare are outlined, including debridement, reducing bioburden, optimizing blood flow and oxygen supply, and using dressings appropriately.
This document discusses wound management. It defines a wound and classifies wounds according to etiology, the Rank-Wakefield system, duration of healing, and degree of contamination. The phases of wound healing and surgical site infections are explained. Wound assessment, debridement of non-viable tissue, and various dressing types are also outlined. The goals of wound management are to create an optimal environment for healing by using techniques like debridement, dressing, and treating any underlying diseases.
The primary goal of wound care is facilitating the natural healing processes rather than technical repair alone. Wound healing involves inflammatory, proliferative, and remodeling phases. Wound preparation includes anesthesia, hemostasis, debridement, cleaning, and closure or dressing. Factors like infection, nutrition, tissue ischemia, and tension can impair healing. Proper wound evaluation and management are essential for optimal healing outcomes.
There are several types of wounds including incisions, contusions, abrasions, punctures, and lacerations. Wound drainage can include serous, purulent, or sanguineous exudate. The RYB color code categorizes wounds as red, yellow, or black based on their appearance and healing phase. Red wounds are usually healing and require protection. Yellow wounds contain slough or pus and should be cleansed. Black wounds have necrotic tissue that requires debridement. Wound cleaning involves using isotonic saline to clean or irrigate wounds as needed based on the amount of exudate or foreign material present.
Wound healing is a complex process involving three overlapping phases: inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. During the inflammatory phase, blood vessels are disrupted causing bleeding and a fibrin clot forms. Inflammatory cells are recruited to the wound to remove debris and prevent infection. In the proliferative phase, new tissue such as granulation tissue, blood vessels and epithelium form. Finally, in the remodeling phase, the wound undergoes scarring and strengthening as collagen is remodeled over several months. Factors like infection, smoking, and malnutrition can disturb the healing process, while proper wound care including debridement, dressings and management of bioburden can optimize healing.
This document provides an overview of wound management principles including the TIME framework. It discusses debridement as the primary tissue management intervention to remove non-viable tissue. Signs of infection and treatments are outlined, including topical and systemic antimicrobial therapies. The benefits of moist wound healing are described. Finally, the document reviews different types of wound dressings and their properties and indications. The overall goal is to educate on wound bed preparation and management of chronic wounds.
This document discusses wound management and provides guidance on creating wound care plans. It begins with an overview of acute versus chronic wounds and the factors that can impede wound healing. The main types of wounds are then described - necrotic, sloughy, granulating, and epithelialized wounds. Key elements of a wound care plan are outlined, including cleaning the wound, possible debridement, exudate management, promoting healing, treating infections, and minimizing discomfort. The goal of wound care plans should be patient-centered and holistic to address the wound as well as the person's overall health needs.
WoundRounds: Clinical Reimbursement and Wound Care webinar slideswoundrounds
Presentation slides for the November 9, 2011 webinar on Clinical Reimbursement & Wound Care presented by Dave Rokes, Post Acute Consulting, sponsored by Wound Rounds
This document discusses different types of wounds, including open wounds like incisions, lacerations, abrasions, and puncture wounds. It also covers closed wounds such as contusions, hematomas, and crushing injuries. The document provides details on treating minor cuts and scrapes, puncture wounds, and major wounds. It lists signs of infection and specific symptoms for different wound types. Finally, it presents the basic five steps for treating any wound: stop bleeding, wash, remove dirt, close skin, and dress the wound.
The document discusses wound dressings and wound healing. It defines a wound as a break in the epithelial integrity of the skin that disrupts normal tissue structure and function. Wound healing involves complex, overlapping phases of hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Proper wound dressing is crucial to maintain moisture balance and prevent infection while the wound heals. A variety of dressing types are described, including hydrocolloids, hydrogels, calcium alginates, foams, and enzymatic debriding agents. Selecting the appropriate dressing depends on factors like a wound's drainage and healing stage.
This document outlines the process for wound dressing. The key aims are to keep the wound clean, lessen the spread of microorganisms, hasten tissue healing, and absorb or localize drainage. The procedure involves preparing sterile equipment and the patient, cleaning the wound with antiseptic solution, removing any dead tissue, applying a sterile dressing, and securing it with a bandage. Proper hand washing and sterile technique are emphasized to prevent infection.
This document discusses wound healing and the healing process after tooth extraction. It defines a wound and classifies wounds based on origin, contamination, and depth. The two main processes of healing are regeneration and repair. Repair involves granulation tissue formation and wound contraction. There are two types of wound healing: primary intention and secondary intention. Healing after tooth extraction involves blood clot formation, fibroblast proliferation, angiogenesis, and bone remodeling over 4 weeks. Complications can include dry socket and fibrous union.
This document discusses pathophysiology of wound healing and factors affecting it. It begins with an introduction to wound classification and the normal phases of acute wound healing. It then discusses factors that can impair wound healing and cause chronic wounds, such as diabetes, peripheral artery disease, radiation therapy, malnutrition, and infection. Recent developments to expedite healing, such as negative pressure wound therapy, are also covered. NPWT applies subatmospheric pressure to a wound which increases blood flow and stimulates cellular processes to promote granulation tissue growth and accelerate wound closure.
Wound healing involves three phases: inflammatory, proliferative, and maturational. Primary healing occurs when wound edges are in direct contact while secondary healing involves granulation tissue formation. Many factors can affect wound healing including infection, nutrition, steroids, ischemia, and diabetes. Growth factors are important for different stages of healing. Stem cells can help regenerate damaged tissue. Aberrations like keloids and hypertrophic scarring exist. New treatments include skin substitutes, dressings, growth factors, and therapies like hyperbaric oxygen and offloading casts.
This document provides an overview of wound healing. It begins with definitions of regeneration, repair, and the two types of wound healing: primary intention and secondary intention. For regeneration and repair, it describes the molecular events of cell growth, proliferation, and extracellular matrix formation. It then covers the stages of primary and secondary wound healing in more detail. Specialized tissue healing like fractures is also summarized. Factors influencing wound healing and complications are listed. The document contains detailed information on the cellular and molecular processes involved in wound healing.
This document provides an overview of wound physiology and assessment. It discusses the causes and types of wounds, the three phases of wound healing (hemostasis, inflammation, and maturation), and how to clinically assess wounds. Key aspects of wound assessment covered include examining the general health of the patient, measuring wound dimensions and characteristics of drainage and tissue in the wound bed, and identifying environmental factors that could impact healing. The document also outlines different modes of wound healing like primary intention and skin grafts. The goal is to equip healthcare practitioners with knowledge of wound pathophysiology and best practices for thorough clinical evaluation.
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This document provides information on wound healing and care. It begins with objectives around wound observation, promotion of healing, and wound/drain care. It then covers anatomy of the skin including layers, functions, and risks for wound development. Types of wounds are defined including descriptions. Phases of wound healing and factors influencing healing are explained. Signs of infection and types of wound drainage are outlined. Dressing changes, wound complications, and observations are also summarized.
DV Medical Supply is exploring using chitosan, a biodegradable material derived from insect and crustacean shells, for wound care applications. Researchers at Harvard have found that chitosan bioplastics can be used to bond tissues and seal wounds, as well as hold medical devices in place within the body. Chitosan is nontoxic and broken down naturally by enzymes, leaving no traces behind. Going forward, researchers hope to further develop chitosan into other forms and applications to expand its medical uses in wound treatment and other areas.
The document discusses wound dressing basics and moist wound healing. It emphasizes the importance of thorough wound cleansing and maintaining a moist environment to promote healing. Various dressing types are described, including their properties, advantages, and appropriate uses. Autolytic debridement using dressings to maintain a moist wound surface is highlighted as an effective method. Bacterial balance and bioburden in chronic wounds are also addressed.
What are the steps for wound care?
2. Gather supplies and prepare a clean work area
3. Perform hand hygiene and don gloves
4. Inspect wound for signs of infection
5. Cleanse wound from center outward using NSS
6. Apply prescribed medication
7. Apply sterile dressing
8. Secure dressing in place
9. Dispose of supplies and perform hand hygiene
The document discusses wound classification and healing. It classifies wounds as tidy or untidy based on the nature of injury. Wounds are also classified based on thickness, surgical category, and time elapsed since injury. The healing process involves inflammation, granulation tissue formation, epithelialization, and scar formation. Healing occurs through regeneration or repair. First intention healing involves wounds with apposed edges, while second intention involves wounds with separated edges. The inflammatory, proliferative, and maturation phases describe the soft tissue healing process.
1. Cellulitis is a spreading bacterial skin infection of the dermis and subcutaneous tissues. It is commonly caused by Streptococcus pyogenes and other gram-positive bacteria.
2. Symptoms include fever, swelling, pain, tenderness, and redness of the infected area. It can progress rapidly and spread deeper without treatment.
3. Treatment involves oral antibiotics such as dicloxacillin or amoxicillin for mild cases. More severe infections require intravenous antibiotics in the hospital. Prevention focuses on good skin hygiene and wound care.
The document discusses wound healing principles and treatment. It begins by defining wounds and describing the different types, such as acute and chronic wounds. It then explains the four phases of normal wound healing: inflammation, proliferation, maturation, and remodeling. It discusses factors that can delay or prevent healing, leading to chronic wounds. The document also covers wound bed preparation principles like debridement and infection control. It provides details on various wound dressing types and their indications and contraindications.
Wound healing and sterilization for MBBS students vaibhav trivedi
The document discusses wound healing and the factors that affect it. It begins by defining wounds and classifying them as open or closed. It then describes the phases of wound healing - inflammation, proliferation, and maturation/remodeling. Key events in each phase like hemostasis, granulation tissue formation, collagen deposition, and wound contraction are explained. Finally, it lists and describes various internal and external factors that can positively or negatively influence the wound healing process, such as nutrition, infection, hypoxia, steroids, and radiation.
1. Wound healing is the body's complex biological response to tissue injury. It involves regeneration and repair processes to restore tissue integrity and function.
2. There are four main phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Various cell types and mediators are involved in each phase to clean the wound and promote new tissue growth.
3. Wounds can heal through primary intention, secondary intention, or tertiary intention depending on factors like cleanliness and tissue loss. Primary intention involves direct wound edge approximation while secondary intention involves healing from the base up without suturing.
The document discusses wound healing and classification. It describes the phases of wound healing as inflammatory, proliferative, and remodeling. The inflammatory phase begins immediately after wounding and lasts 2-3 days, involving vasoactive amines, growth factors, and inflammatory cells. The proliferative phase lasts from days 3 to 3 weeks, involving fibroblast activity, collagen production, angiogenesis, and re-epithelialization. The remodeling phase begins during proliferation and lasts up to 2 years, involving collagen remodeling and maturation. Healing is classified as primary intention for clean wounds or secondary intention for infected wounds. Factors like age, obesity, smoking, and malnutrition can affect wound healing.
This document provides an overview of skin anatomy, wound classification, and wound management. It discusses the objectives of understanding wound care, outlines different topics to be covered including wound healing process and complications. The document defines wounds and classifies them by mechanism of injury, depth and degree of contamination. It describes the three phases of wound healing and different types of healing. Key steps of wound assessment and factors affecting healing are highlighted. Common wound dressings and their properties/indications are also summarized.
WOund evaluation and preparatioacfoeding to the medicinen.pptxAruneshVenkataraman
This document provides information on wound evaluation and wound bed preparation. It discusses the following key points in 3 sentences:
The universal principles of wound management include thorough evaluation of the wound, obtaining source control, eliminating confounding factors, optimizing the wound environment for healing, and closing the wound. Proper wound assessment involves determining details of the wound like location, cause, age, depth and type as well as patient factors. Chronic wounds require preparation of the wound bed through debridement to remove non-viable tissue, control of infection, maintaining proper moisture balance, and promoting epithelial growth to close the wound.
This document discusses wound management. It defines a wound and outlines the specific objectives of understanding wound classification, types, healing process, and management. It describes the typical stages of wound healing as inflammatory, proliferative, and remodeling phases. Wounds are classified by factors like depth, contamination level, and amount of tissue loss. Primary intention healing involves closing tissue surfaces while secondary and tertiary intention involve tissue loss. Proper wound management includes assessment, debridement, irrigation, antibiotics, dressing and factors that can complicate healing.
The document provides information on wound care and dressing. It discusses the skin and its functions, defines different types of wounds including incisions, abrasions, and lacerations. It covers the three phases of wound healing - inflammatory, proliferative, and remodeling. It also describes how to assess and classify wounds, lists intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors, signs of infection, types of exudate, potential complications, and the red/yellow/black wound classification system. Guidelines are provided on wound dressing selection and techniques for cleaning wounds.
This document discusses wound healing, tissue repair, and scar formation. It begins with definitions of wounds and wound healing. Wounds are classified based on exposure to the external environment and thickness. The stages of wound healing are described as inflammatory, proliferative, and remodeling phases. Types of wound healing include primary intention, secondary intention, and tertiary intention. Factors affecting wound healing and complications are outlined. Specialized healing in nerves and bone is also reviewed.
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Wound care
1. Wound Care
Prepared & presented by: Dr :WADIE MADI
د:مادي وديع
General Surgery Department.
Abosleem Trauma Hospital.
UNIT C.
THURSDAY
24th/June/2014
2.
3.
4.
5. Skin: structure and function:
General Functions:
Each skin layer has its own unique function:
Epidermis = protection
Dermis = nourishment of epidermis
Hypodermis = Composed mostly of adipose tissue insulation.
8. Background:
A wound can be defined as:
“A cut or break in the continuity of any tissue, caused by injury
or operation”
9. Classification of Wounds:
Acute Wounds
Cuts,Abrasion
,Lacerations
Contusions
Pucnture
Skin flaps and
Bites
benbow ( 2005)
They passes
through the
normal
healing
process
readily
Chronic Wound
Wounds
Fail to pass
through
normal
healing
process
Any wound
>3 months
considered
chronic
wound
10. Wound Types and Characteristics
CLOSED
• Contusion ( Bruise) – Tissue
injury without breaking of skin.
Purple contusion 5x7 cm on left
face(see figure)
•Hematoma – Tissue injury that
disrupts a blood vessels; pooling
of blood under the unbroken skin
hematoma on left face (see
figure)
•Sprain –twisting of a joint with
partial rupture of its ligaments;
causes swelling.
11. OPEND
•Incision (Surgically) made
separation of tissues with clean,
smooth edges.
(Approx.3-inch incision on R
lower quadrant of abdomen well
approximated clean and dry with
sutures intact(see figure).
•Laceration – Traumatic
separation of tissues with clean,
smooth edges 2 in jagged (pointy,
uneven) laceration app 4 cm deep
on Lt sole foot.(see figure)
12. .
OPEND
•Abrasion- Traumatic scraping
away of surface layers of skin.
(raw appearing abraded area
diameter on lateral aspect of lower
leg).(see figure)
•Puncture – Wound made by
sharp, pointed object through skin
or mucous membranes and
underlying tissue, (Small circular
entry wound on Rt palm from sharp
pointing nail see figure)
13. OPEND:
Penetrating- Variable -size open
wound through skin and
underlying tissues made by a
bullet , metal or wood fragment
may extend deeply into body
Jagged Deep wound 10cm in
posterior on L leg(see figure).
•Avulsion – Tearing away of a
structure or a part, such as a
fingertip, accidentally or
surgically.(Avulsion of L leg from
Vent Aspect. Attach only by skin.)
14. OPEND:
•Ulceration – Excavation of skin and/or underlying tissue from injury
or necrosis.
(Ulceration on L sole foot 4 cm x 5 x 2 cm deep. Yellow drainage
present. Wound edges reddened) see figure below:
15. Wounds according to the depth:
-Superficial
Involves only the epidermis Injury is usually
result from fiction, shearing (cut) or burn.
-Partial Thickness
Involves the epidermis and the dermis, Wounds heal more quickly.
-Full Thickness
Involves the epidermis, dermis, fat, fascia and exposes bone In
order to heal, all dead tissue must be removed so that
granulation tissue can gradually fill in the defect.
16. 1-serous -clean, watery.
2-Purulent - thick, yellow, green, tan or brown.
3-Sanguineous - bright red, indicative of active bleeding.
4-Serosanguineous -pale, red, watery mixture of serous
and sanguineous.
Types of wound drainage:
18. Wound Healing:
-All wounds heal following a a specific sequence of phases
which may overlap.
-The process of wound healing depends on the type of tissue
which has been damaged and the nature of tissue
disruption.
-The phases are:
1-Inflammatory phase
2-Proliferative phase
3-Remodeling or maturation phase
19. injury
Exposure of plasma to
injured site Release of Histamine
Capillary Permeability
Edema
Rubor
(Redness)
Tumor
( Swelling)
Prostaglandin
Dolor
( Pain)
Vasodilatation
Calor
( Heat)
Inc bld Flow
Activation of Hageman Factor
20. Phases of wound Healing:
1-INFLAMMATORY PHASE:
Starts immediately after injury and lasts 3-6 days or 4-6 days.
(2 major processes occur during this phase:
A-Hemostatic and B-phagocytosis
A- Haemostatic
Tissue and capillaries are destroyed, plasma and blood leaks. Area blood vessels
constrict, platelets aggregates and bleeding stops, scabs ( rough protective
crust) forms, preventing entry of infectious organisms.
B- Inflammation & Phagocytosis
Characterized by oedema, erythema, pain, temperature increase blood flow, to
wound resulting localized redness and edema, attracts WBC and wound
growth factors. ( Wbc arrive-clear debris from wound).
21. 2- PROLIFERATIVE PHASE
-extends from day 3 to about day 21 post injury.
-Macrophages continue to clear the wound debris, Stimulates Fibroblast to
synthesize collagen 9 main ingredient For tissue scaring)
-(New capillary networks are formed).
3- REMODELLING OR MATURATION PHASE
-final healing stage may continue for I year or more.
-Remodelling of scar tissue to provide wound strength.
Cont..Phases of wound Healing:
25. Types of wound healing:
1-first intention healing: partial thickness wounds.
- a clean incision is made with primary closure, minimal scarring.
-expected when the edges of clean surgical incisions are sutured together,
tissue loss is minimal or absent if the wound is not contaminated with
microorganism. e.g.-abrasion or skin tear.
2-second intention healing:
-granulation.
-accompanies traumatic open wounds with tissues loss or wounds with a
high microorganisms count.
-go through a process involving scar tissue formation a heal slowly because
of the volume of tissue needed to fill the defect.
e.g.-contaminated surgical wound, pressure ulcer.
26. Note also there is:
(Delayed primary healing If there is high infection risk – patient
is given antibiotics and closure is delayed for a few days
e.g. Bites)
1-Immune status.
2-Blood glucose levels (impaired white cell function).
3-Hydration (slows metabolism).
4-Age.
5-Lifestyle- enhances bld circulation.
6-Nutrition .
7-Blood albumin levels (‘building blocks’ for repair, colloid
osmotic pressure - oedema).
8-Oxygen and vascular supply.
9-Medication- Corticosteroids (depress immune function).
Factors affecting wound healing:
28. -heal very easily.
-It passes phases of wound healing.
-Inflammatory phase.
-Collagen building phase.
-Remodelling Phase.
Aim of management:
-Healing without complications such as infection and disfiguring.
-(Wound care) includes:
1-Remove FB
2-Dry or wet to dry dressing to cover the wounds
3-Suturing if acute.
4-Bites -give Prophylaxis.
A- Acute Wounds:
29. > Uses of ABO in Acute wounds
Only indicated if contaminated or evidence of infection is
demonstrated.
>Evidence of infection (local)
-Redness
-Warmth
-Swelling
-Tenderness
-Local Lymphadenopathy.
Note: (Acute wounds with abscesses if they are large need to be
drained, Smaller once – can manage with antibiotics).
Betadine*, Hydrogen Peroxide*, Saline, Spirit can be used to
cleanse the wound .
Acute Wounds
30. Healing of acute wound :
-Wounds with minimal gaping – heals readily with scarring.
-Wounds with gaping or skin loss – heals with Scar tissue formation
and retraction.
Q1- if there is no improvement ???
Q2-When Does a Wound Become Chronic?
(healthy individuals with no underlying factors an acute
wound→ heal within three weeks remodelling → over the
next year or so...)
NOTE: When wound does not follow the normal trajectory it may
become stuck in one of the stages and the wound becomes
chronic.
Acute Wounds
32. Chronic wounds
Working Definition: wound lasting >3 months
Chronic wound – Fail to heal due to various local and systemic
causes.
-Healing process arrests at different levels of healing.
-Wound may appear at different colours.
-Remains at same stage without progressing to wound healing.
-Often an underlying cause remains undetected.
33. Chronic wounds
The wound healing cascade impairs and arrests at different stages
Hemostasis
Platelet Aggregation
Neutrophil Immigration
Monocyte Immigration
Granulation
Re-epithelialization
Wound Closure
Scar Formation
Minutes Hours Days Weeks Months Years Time
CHRONIC WOUND
34. Local and systemic factors that impede wound
healing
• Local factors
• Inadequate blood supply **
• Increased skin tension
• Poor surgical apposition
• Wound dehiscence
• Poor venous drainage **
• Presence of foreign body and foreign body
reactions
• Continued presence of micro-organisms &
Infection **
• Excess local mobility, such as over a joint
• Systemic factors
• Advancing age and general immobility **
• Obesity ***
• Smoking
• Malnutrition ***
• Deficiency of vitamins and trace elements ***
• Systemic malignancy and terminal illness Shock of
any cause
• Chemotherapy and radiotherapy
• Immunosuppressant drugs, corticosteroids,
anticoagulants
• Diabetes and CRF***
35. Chronic Wounds Appearance
approach has been criticised for being too simplistic as wound healing is a
continuum and wounds often contain a mixture of tissue types.
36. Wound healing continuum
Wound Healing Continuum (Gray et al. 2005) have
been developed. This tool incorporates intermediate colour
combinations
between the four key colours
44. Pressure Wounds
This staging system was developed by the NPUAP (National
Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel) and classifies only pressure
ulcers based on anatomical depth of soft tissue damage.
47. Stage 1
Appears as defined area of persistent
redness in lightly pigmented skin,
whereas in darker skin tones, this ulcer
may appear with persistent red, blue or
purple hues.
If it doesn’t become pale with pressure
aka blanch, this is considered a Stage I
pressure ulcer.
48. Pressure on anterior tibialis tendon
from compression wrap applied
incorrectly
Stage 1
49. Stage 2-Partial thickness skin loss involving
epidermis, dermis, or both. The ulcer is
superficial and presents clinically as an
abrasion, blister or shallow crater.
Pink
Partial
Painful
No slough, eschar or undermining
Stage 2
51. Stage 3- Full thickness skin loss involving
damage to, or necrosis of, subcutaneous tissue
that may extend down to but not through,
underlying fascia.
The ulcer presents clinically as deep crater with
or without undermining of adjacent tissue.
Stage 3
53. Stage 4
Stage IV—Full thickness skin loss with extensive
destruction, tissue necrosis, or damage to muscle, bone or
supporting structures (ie. Tendon, joint capsule)
Undermining and sinus tracts may be associated w/
stage IV ulcers
Can differentiate from stage III ulcers because it will
go PAST the Fascia.
54. Stage 4
Plantar heel:
past subcutaneous level and goes
to the calcaneous bone
Sacrum, eschar, past sub-
cutaneos tendon exposed
55. Deep Tissue Injury
Purple or very dark areas that are surrounded
by profound redness, edema, or induration
suggest that deep tissue damage has already
occurred and additional deep tissue loss may
occur.
59. Group 1 Pressure Relief
Group 1 mattress overlays preventative (Qualifications):
1. Completely Immobile Or
2. Limited mobility
3. Any stage pressure ulcer on the trunk or pelvis.
(plus 1 of the below)
4. Impaired nutritional status.
5. Fecal or urinary incontinence.
6. Altered sensory perception.
7. Compromised circulatory status.
60. Low Air Loss/Alternating Pressure Mattress
(Aggressive pressure ulcer treatment)
Qualifications:
(1 large or multiple stage 3 or 4 pressure ulcer(s) on trunk or pelvis)
Or
(Recent flap or skin graft for pressure ulcer).
Group 2 Pressure Relief
63. Etiology:
Diabetic Facts:
Diabetic foot ulcer:
7th leading cause of
death in the USA
16 million (6% of
population) people in
the USA have diabetes
Each year: 798,000
new cases of DM
diagnosed
15% of all diabetics will
develop diabetic foot
ulcers
14-20% patients with DFU
require amputation
67. Wagner Staging
Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5
Deep Ulcer
With
Abscess/Oste
oarthritis
Gangrene
portion of
Midfoot
Extensive
Gangrene of
whole
Foot. ONLY
treatable with
amputation
68.
69. Etiology:
Corns and Calluses
Nails: Thickened or Atrophic, Ingrown ,Color of nail bed,
Discharge, Fungal infections
Edema: poor fitting shoes, impedes healing
Pulses
Color & temperature of feet
HgbA1c
Goal for HgbA1c of <7
Assessment
74. Etiology:
Intermittent claudication to sharp, unrelenting pain.
Diminished or absent pulses.
Pallor and coolness.
Loss of hair.
Tight shiny skin.
Thickened nails.
Characteristics of Arterial
Insufficiency
75. Characteristics of Arterial
ULCER
Located in areas of pressure, tips of toes
Very painful.
Deep, may involve joint.
Usually circular in appearance.
Wound base pale to black.
Little, if any, edema
77. ABI 0.9-1.30 Normal Study
ABI 0.8 - 0.9 moderate PVD
ABI 0.5 - 0.8 claudication
ABI < 0.5 critical ischemia
Always check ABI with LE ulcers
Ankle—Brachial Index
(ABI)
82. Achy, cramping pain
Pulses present
Hyperpigmentation of skin
Lots of edema
Inverted Champagne Leg
Lipodermatosclerosis—
tissues become ´woody´
in texture and the leg
narrows near the ankle
Venous Insufficiency Characteristic
83. Irregular Wound Edges.
Skin scaling.
Moderate to heavy exudate.
Partial to full thickness.
Malleolus region.
Venous Ulcer Characteristics
96. DRESSINGS - material applied to wound with or without
medication, to give protection and assist in healing.
(-what are the purposes?)
Protect from contamination.
Prevent trauma.
Absorbs drainage.
Debrides.
Provides medication, moist healing environment, etc.
When picking out your dressings, remember the Cardinal
Rule:
(Keep Moist tissue Moist and Dry tissue
Dry!)
Wound Dressing:
97. 1-DRY TO DRY DRESSINGS
-used primarily for wounds closing by primary intention.
-offers good protection, absorption & provide pressure
-they adhere to the wound surface when drainage dries.
- when remove can cause pain and disruption of
granulation tissue.
-What are the types of dressings?
98. 2-WET TO DRY DRESSINGS
-used for untidy or infected wounds that must be
debrided and closed by secondary intention.
how can it be done?
- gauze saturated with sterile saline or antimicrobial sol's.
is packed into the wound, the wet dressing are then
covered by dry dressings
(Q-when to changed?) (As-when it becomes dry.)
99. 3-WET TO WET DRESSINGS
-used on clean open wounds or on granulating surfaces.
-provide a more physiologic environment (warmth
moisture) which can enhance the local healing
processes and assure greater patient comfort.
-surrounding tissues can become ulcerated.
(high risk for infection).
100. Examples of methods used in
dressing
Hydrocolloid.
Hydrogel.
Calcium alginate.
Foam.
Collagenase.
Antimicrobials.
101. Hydrogels are indicated for
management of pressure ulcers,
skin tears, surgical wounds, and
burns, including radiation
therapy burns. Because they
contain up to 95% water,
hydrogels cannot absorb much
exudate and should be reserved
for dry wounds or wounds with
minimal to moderate drainage.
1-Hydrogel Dressings:
102. -Because they are occlusive, hydrocolloid dressings do not allow
water, oxygen, or bacteria into the wound. This may help facilitate
angiogenesis and granulation. Hydrocolloids also cause the pH
of the wound surface to drop; the acidic environment can inhibit
bacteria growth.
Like hydrogels, hydrocolloids can help a clean wound to
granulate or epithelialize and encourage autolytic ( distruction of
cells by own enzymes) debridement in wounds with necrotic
tissue. However, because of their occlusive nature, hydrocolloids
cannot be used if the wound or surrounding skin is infected.
2-Hydrocolloid Dressings:
104. 3-Alginate Dressings :
Used in wounds with moderate to heavy drainage, the
alginate forms a gel when it comes in contact with wound
fluid. Capable of absorbing up to 20 times its weight in
fluid, an alginate can be used in infected and noninfected
wounds. Because an alginate is highly absorbent, it
should not be used with dry wounds or wounds with
minimal drainage; it could dehydrate the wound, delaying
healing.
106. Indications: Highly exudative wound requiring a
non-stick surface (e.g. venous stasis)
Highly absorbent (20 times weight)
Non-adherent wound contact layer, hydrocellular
foam, waterproof outer layer.
Allows for autolytic debridement and gaseous
exchange.
Can be left in place for 72 to 96 hours.
4-Foam:
107.
108. Explain the procedure to the patient.
Hand washing before and after the procedure.
Clean from least contaminated to the most
contaminated area.
Use separate cotton for each stroke.
Start from the center going outward.
Observe aseptic technique.
Wound dressing:
A-Principles
110. C-Procedures: include(14 steps)
1-Check physician's order for specific wound care and
medication instructions.
Helps to plan for proper type and amount of supplies
needed.
Wounds dressing:
111. 2-Secure equipment and wash hands thoroughly.
To save time and effort. Reduces transmission of
pathogen
112. 3- Assess the existing dressing
Indicates types of dressing or applications to use.
113. 4-Explain the procedure to the patient and instruct Pt not
to touch wound area or sterile supplies.
Decreases anxiety and to gain cooperation.
Sudden unexpected movement on Pt‘s part could
result in contamination of wound and supplies.
114. 5-Loosen and remove the dressing with the use of the
dressing forcep.( If the dressing adheres to the wound,
loosen it by moistening with sterile NSS).
Microorganism can be transferred by direct contact
from dressing to hands. An intact scab is a body
defense and can be damage if not handled gently.
115. 6-Observe the dressing for the amount type, color and
odor of the drainage.
Provides estimate of drainage amount and assessment
of wound's condition.
116. 7. Discard the soiled dressing in the waste receptacle.
Reduces the transmission of microorganism.
117. 8-Clean the wound aseptically using the dressing forcep
from the center going outward in
circular motion with:
A. Betadine cleanser
B. Dry gauze
C. Betadine antiseptic solution
(use each gauze for only one stroke)
118. 9-Apply a new dressing by gently placing the gauze
sponges at the wound center and moving progressively
outward to the edges of the wound site.
Promotes proper absorption of drainage and protects
wound from entrance of microorganism.
119. 10. Secure the edges of the dressing to the patient’s skin
with strips of adhesive tapes.
Ensures that dressing remains intact and covers
wound.
120. 11-Make the patient feel comfortable and tidy the unint.
Promotes Pt's sense of well-being. Enhances comfort.
121. 12-Do the aftercare of the equipment.
Soak the dressing forceps in 5% lysol solution for 30
minutes, then wash them with soap and water, Rinse
them then dry ,Send them for sterilization..
122. 13. Wash hands(Prevent
spread of microorganism).
14-Chart: site of wound, character of wound/ discharges,
treatment given if any(e.g. ointment used) and reaction
of patient.
For proper documentation and legal purposes.
126. Growth Factors
Indication: Diabetic foot ulcer
Activates endothelial cells and fibroblasts
Stimulates vascular proliferation, migration, new
blood vessel formation
People who use 3 or more tubes of
REGRANEX® Gel may have an increased risk from
cancer.
Can be very effective
Have a new “360” program to help patients obtain
medication and monitor progress.
130. Day 1
-Prisma (O.R.C)
-Silver Foam.
-3 layer
Compression.
4 Week
Has decreased
more than half in
wound surface area
with
Continue same care
7 Week
Resurfaced
Measured for
Compression
Stockings
(ORC)
VSU
134. (HBOT) :
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) is breathing 100%
oxygen while the entire body is pressurized to a point greater
than sea level
What Is It?
This is usually
2to 2.4 absolute
atmospheres
(the equivalent of
the pressure
exerted by a33-45
foot dive into
sea water)
138. UHMS Indications for HBOT
1-Air or Gas Embolism.
2-Carbon Monoxide Poisoning(Co Poisoning Complicated
By Cyanide Poisoning).
3-Clostridial Myositis and Myonecrosis (Gas Gangrene).
4-Crush Injury, Compartment Syndrome and Other Acute Traumatic
Ischemia.
5-Decompression Sickness.
6-Arterial Insufficiencies:
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion.
Enhancement of Healing In Selected Problem Wounds.
7-Severe Anemia.
8-Intracranial Abscess.
9-Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections.
10 -Osteomyelitis (Refractory).
11 -Delayed Radiation Injury (Soft Tissue and Bony Necrosis).
12 -Compromised Grafts and Flaps.
13 -Acute Thermal Burn Injury .
139. Adjunctive HBOT and Problem Wounds
HBOT is only one component of a comprehensive
wound healing program.
Non-healing wounds are evaluated to determine
underlying conditions which might interfere with
healing.
More conservative measures should be tried first.
140.
141. What We Will Cover Today?
Radionecrosis.
Failing Graft/Flap.
Gas Gangrene.
Diabetic Foot Ulcer.
Arterial Insufficiency.
142. Radionecrosis:
Vascular Changes from Radiation:
Edema .
Medial thickening (progressively depletes the blood supply to
the irradiated tissue).
Collagen deposition may also cause severe scarring and
further blood vessel obliteration, resulting in tissue hypoxia
and necrosis.
Effects of Ionizing Radiation on the Cell:
Rapid cell death with heavy doses.
DNA Synthesis impaired, mitosis delayed.
144. Failing Flap
Long-term survival of skin grafts and flaps depend
on angiogenesis.
When the wound bed does not have enough oxygen
supplied the graft may partially fail.
HBO2 can help by assisting in the preparation and
salvage of skin grafts and compromised flaps.
145. Gas gangrene infection
Clostridium bacteria.
High amounts of oxygen can inhibit the replication,
migration, and production of endotoxin.
Advantages of using HBOT as adjunct to for gas
gangrene:
life-saving because exotoxin production is rapidly halted.
limb and tissue-saving.
preventing limb amputation that might otherwise be
necessary.
146. Diabetic Foot Ulcer:
Wagner Grade 3.
Used in conjunction with standard wound care,
offloading.
Improved results compared to routine wound care.