Fingerprint technology uses the unique ridge patterns on human fingers to identify individuals. Fingerprint scanners capture and analyze these ridge patterns using optical or capacitive sensors to create a digital map of minutia points. This map can then be used to authenticate identity, regulate access, and speed up criminal investigations by matching fingerprints against databases. While fingerprint identification provides improved security over traditional methods, it also faces limitations such as inability to enroll some users and privacy concerns regarding its association with criminal forensic applications.

4. DEFINITION:
“A Finger Print is made up ridges and grooves.
Such a technology which uses the ridges and
grooves of a finger is called finger print technology.”
 The system locates the minutia points
 These minutia points occur where the lines of ridges
Begin.
 These points are then mapped and a line is drawn between
Each point.
 The map shows relation between all the points.

5. HISTORY OF FINGERPRINT TECHNOLOGY:
 In 1892, in Argentina inspector Eduardo Alverez made
the first fingerprint identification.
 He was able to identify a woman who murdered her
two sons and cut her own throat to place blame on another
FINGERPRINT SCANNER:
 Fingerprint scanner uses the combination of hardware &
software techniques to recognize a fingerprint.
 Safer method than password, that can be lost or forgotten.
 It uses USB fingerprint scanner with biometric software
for authentication, identifications and verification of a
fingerprint

6. TYPES OF SENSORS USED IN FINGERPRINT
SCANNER:
 Capacitive sensors
 Optical sensors
 Thermal sensors
 Rf sensors
 Ultrasonic sensors
WORKING OF FINGERPRINT SCANNER:
There are two main ways of scanning fingers:
 optical scanning
 capacitive scanning

7. OPTICAL SCANNING:
 It shines a bright light over your finger and takes a digital photograph.
 The image gets feed in a computer scanner.
 The scanner uses a light sensitive microchip to produce a digital image.
 The computer analyzes the image and convert it into code.

8. CAPACITIVE SCANNING:
 Capacitive scanners measures your finger electrically.
 While resting on a surface, the ridges in your fingerprint
touches the surface while the hollow between the
ridges stands clear out of it.
 A capacitive scanner builds up an image of your finger
with these varying distances between each part of your
finger and the surface below.
 Scanners like this are like touchscreens of iPads & iPhones

9. IDENTITY ACCESS MANAGEMENT:
 Fingerprint based access control is way more effective
than identity cards.
CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION:
 Police departments are using fingerprint access to
speed up investigation.
Background check:
 Use fingerprint scanner to crosscheck an employee’s
Fingerprints against the FBI fingerprint database can
Detect persons with criminal record.

10. EDUCATION:
 Fingerprint scanners can be used to regulate students’
Attendance instead of using student cards.
SMART PHONES:
 Modern phones have fingerprint technology for unlocking
Purposes instead of passwords. It makes phones more secure.
REDUCING CARBON FOOTPRINT:
 Biometric based technology is eco friendly. It eliminates the
need of id cards and reduces plastic waste.

11.  IDENTITY CARD SOLUTIONS:
 Fingerprint based access control is more effective than traditional identity cards in both
enrollment and operational conditions
 HOSPITALS AND CLINICS:
 Fingerprint readers are put at the entrance of all areas and wards of hospital for
identification of patients and staff members
 GYMS AND FITNESS CENTERS:
 In gyms and fitness centers a fingerprint based authentication system increases
convenience as members do not need to carry membership cards and keys , and risk
losing them

12.  Improved security
 Improved customer experience
 Cannot be forgotten or lost
 Easy to use
 Require little space
 Large amount of existing data to allow background and
watch list checks
 Mature technology
 Long term stability
 Large database exists
 Uniqueness
 Universality
 User friendliness
 Comfort

13. Disadvantages of finger print technology are:
 Inability to enroll some users
 Affected by skin conditions
 Association with forensic applications costly
 Privacy concerns of criminal implications
 Environment and usage can affect measurement
 Systems are not 100% accurate
 Require integration and additional hardware
 Cannot be reset when compromise