The document discusses the importance of sense of place in urban planning and design. It argues that planning should focus on improving quality of life for residents by fairly distributing development, preserving cultural and historic aspects, and involving the community. Examples are provided of how heritage areas and design guidelines can help manage growth while maintaining local character. Challenges include pressures of urbanization and globalization threatening cultural identity.

1. Sense of Place – Planning, Design, Development Jeffrey Soule, FAICP American Planning Association

2. Outline International Cultural Engagement What is the sense of place? Understanding the role of design Examples Observations

3. Challenges of Urbanization (190,000) Cultural Identity vs. globalization Scarce resources Impact on quality of life Civic view vs. Ego A philosophy as much as technique What is sense of place and why do we care?

6. Ideological Battle Many architects promote a “no context” design philosophy Koolhaas “Tabla Rasa” Much of the world views architecture and engineering as planning Planning takes a humanistic approach

7. Ring Road System Copied from Moscow

8. Goals for Urban Planning: improve quality of life for the most people. Fairly distribute positive and negative aspects of development. Cultural and historic preservation Provide a predictable process for decision making informed by community goals. Environmental conservation Involve a variety of people

9. Human Impacts of Development Destruction of traditional settlements Opportunity costs: Beijing example CCTV building= $800,000,000 Opera House= $300,000,000 Misunderstanding modernity

10. Planning in America Comprehensive Citizen participation Many approaches Long term perspective Enforcement of Plans Bottom up process Planners represent public

11. Zoning: Legal Authority and Background 1920s The Standard State Zoning Enabling Act The Standard City Planning Enabling Act State enabling legislation Prevent law suits due to urbanization Planning act an afterthought

12. Sense of place at the regional scale Planning Principles Global challenge: Going beyond objects to places Benefits of this approach US Heritage Area Efforts

13. Heritage area concept Natural, historic, and cultural resources Managed as an whole Reflects an entire narrative Provide opportunities to conserve natural, cultural, historic, and scenic features; Provide recreational, economic and educational opportunities.

14. Elements and application Corridors, features that span a region Containing a variety of resources, tangible, intangible, natural and cultural Appalachian trail example

15. Strategic Economic value of planning and design Analysis and positioning Celebrate cultural character Engage institutions and individual Develop a strategy

16. Interpretation engages people Develop a narrative Highlight the linkages Scenic Cultural Historic Natural Oral and musical Arts

17. Short Term Planning Fads 规划短视的表现 Bad ideas from elsewhere are not good ideas in China 中国不要走其它国家城市规划失误弯路 CBD, Wide Streets, Skyscrapers, Plazas 概念误区： CBD ，大街道，摩天大厦，大广场 Architecture alone does not make a city 建筑本身不能形成城市 Design competitions are not good for planning 设计竞标无助优质规划

18. Purpose of regulations Provide a process to manage growth Predictability over time Fairness Carry out the vision and general plan Provide for appeals Shared power Encourage continuity

19. Zoning is only a piece of the process Incentives like finance Advice, education and discussion Subdivision Design Guidelines Historic Preservation Districts/Overlays Environmental standards Energy standards

20. City Design Process Reading the city Refle ct cultur al layers Human perspective Citizen participation Urban design is between city plan and architecture Manage at different levels

21. Elements of Reading Places Customs History Climate Visual elements Scale Architecture Landscape

23. Linking design with management Establish the infrastructure to direct development Create neighborhoods with distinct character Establish Design guidelines based on district characteristics

24. Design Guidelines Strengthen the city’s character Helps implement the civic vision and plan Encourage new development that adds value to the city Establishes a process and criteria for review Essential for success

25. Annapolis Design Guidelines preserve the city fabric

26. Washington DC

28. Design Guidelines Elements for Success Clarity of purpose Legal integrity Link to City Plan Third-party review Weather criticism from architects Celebrate results with the public Specific design elements well defined Mandeville Louisiana case study

29. Case Examples

30. Nanjing Men Xi Combining preservation with development

31. Inventory Establish form characteristics Locate Key new development in cleared industrial area Tie into overall tourism strategy Pilot efforts in engagement

32. Zhenjiang New Town Design Based on historic urban landscape Incorporates modern design within a local framework Responds to both human and environmental needs

34. Beijing Qianmen Historic preservation, tourism and redevelopment High visibility Ethical conflict

35. Heritage Area and scenic corridor ChangXing Example

37. 节点 3

38. Shanghai Xu Hui Response to mega design Urban redevelopment from human perspective Transportation underlies urban form Scale, pedestrian orientation Individual buildings subordinate to pattern

39. Other tools Historic Preservation Tax Credits National Register of Historic Places Historic Overlay districts

40. 20% rehabilitation tax credit The building must be used in a trade or business or held for the production of income. The rehabilitation must be substantial . The property must be placed in service The building must be a certified historic structure when placed in service Qualified rehabilitation expenditures include costs of the work on the historic building, as well as architectural and engineering fees, site survey fees, legal expenses, development fees, and other construction-related costs http://www.nps.gov/history/hps/tps/tax/index.htm

41. Criteria for “Adverse Impact” Under the National Register Physical destruction, damage Alteration not consistent with the Secretary’s guidelines; Removal of the property from its historic location; Change of the character of the property’s use or of physical features within the property's setting that contribute to its historic significance; Introduction of visual, atmospheric or audible elements that diminish the integrity of the property's historic features; Neglect of a property which causes its deterioration.

42. Observations Essentially missing from global debates Link cultural heritage conversations to issues of sustainability Establish a community-based planning process Base dialogues on defining local cultural values Link to community development Quality of life is the entry point Planning and design is about good governance and tools for managing change Provide incentives for residents and businesses Examine the lessons from heritage areas Engage political leaders more effectively