CATEINA
TECHNOLOGIES
SANACHIT MEHRA
sm@cateina.com
RAJISH RAJAN
rajish@cateina.com
The technology innovations that changed us so far
The First generation of the digital revolution brought
us the Internet of Information. The Second
generation is bringing us the Internet of Value.
Technologies that are going to changes us going forward
 A detailed look at a blocks
 This block/previous block Hashes
 Transactions
 Events
 Smart Contracts
 Agreement
What is a blockchain?
 Hash functions take any input and produce a single output
 The same input will always yield the same output hash
 It is not possible to derive the input from the output
 Hash functions are critical to the way blockchains work
What is a Hash function?
000000572734
• A blockchain is a ledger of digital events shared between all nodes on
the system.
What is a blockchain?
Node 4
Node 3
Node 1
Node 2
What is a blockchain?
Block 1575
Transaction:
Hash: 76f0ec56ce04423
Block Hash:
0000057ec2fda71
Block 1574
Transaction:
Hash: 8d0df86ffc15cd62
Transaction:
Hash: feb359ad27c907d
Previous Block Hash:
000000d68b2f0a3b
Previous Block Hash
00000057ec2fda71
Block Hash:
0000087ea2ffe94
Block 1576
Previous Block Hash
0000087ea2ffe94
Block Hash:
0000044bf2efe32
Previo
000000
Block:
000094
Previo
000000
Block:
000094
Made up of a series of blocks added in chronological order
Blocks – a detailed look
Block 1575
Transaction:
Hash: 8d0df86ffc15cd62
Originator: 0x04bd4155ff5243e6
Recipient: 0x0d7e5445fe7589f9
Block Hash: 0000057ec2fda71
Block 1574
Transaction:
Hash: 8d0df86ffc15cd62
Originator: 0x06fd91d545105d5
Recipient: 0x04bd4155ff5243e6
Transaction:
Hash: feb359ad27c907d
Originator: 0x07dd71d507100c1
Recipient: 0x06fd91d545105d5
Previous Block Hash:
000000d68b2f0a3b
Previous Block Hash
00000057ec2fda71
Block Hash: 0000087ea2ffe94
“This Block” Number
What’s in a Block ?
Block 1575
Transaction:
Hash: 8d0df86ffc15cd62
Originator: 0x04bd4155ff5243e6
Recipient: 0x0d7e5445fe7589f9
Block Hash: 0000057ec2fda71
Block 1574
Transaction:
Hash: 8d0df86ffc15cd62
Originator: 0x06fd91d545105d5
Recipient: 0x04bd4155ff5243e6
Transaction:
Hash: feb359ad27c907d
Originator: 0x07dd71d507100c1
Recipient: 0x06fd91d545105d5
Previous Block Hash:
000000d68b2f0a3b
Previous Block Hash
00000057ec2fda71
Block Hash: 0000087ea2ffe94
Transactions that occurred since the
previously committed block.
Previous Block Hash
This Block Hash
Block 1575
Transaction:
Hash: 8d0df86ffc15cd62
Block Hash:
0000057ec2fda71
Block 1574
Transaction:
Hash: 8d0df86ffc15cd62
Transaction:
Hash: feb359ad27c907d
Previous Block Hash:
000000d68b2f0a3b
Previous Block Hash
00000057ec2fda71
Block Hash:
0000087ea2ffe94
Block 1576
Previous Block Hash
00000057ec2fda71
Block Hash:
0000087ea2ffe94
Previo
000000
Block:
000094
Previo
000000
Block:
000094
“Empty” blocks can occur….
Not all blocks have Transactions
Block/Previous Block Hash
Block 1575
Transaction:
Hash: 8d0df86ffc15cd62
Originator: 0x04bd4155ff5243e6
Recipient: 0x0d7e5445fe7589f9
Block Hash: 0000057ec2fda71
Block 1574
Transaction:
Hash: 8d0df86ffc15cd62
Originator: 0x06fd91d545105d5
Recipient: 0x04bd4155ff5243e6
Transaction:
Hash: feb359ad27c907d
Originator: 0x07dd71d507100c1
Recipient: 0x06fd91d545105d5
Previous Block Hash:
000000d68b2f0a3b
Previous Block Hash
00000057ec2fda71
Block Hash: 0000087ea2ffe94
 Acts like a pointer to the block that came
before it in the chain.
 A hash of all the data in the previous
block.  Merkel Tree
Previous Block Hash & “Block 0”
Block 1575
Accounts:
Hash: 8d0df86ffc15cd62
Gas Limit: 2153
Mining Difficulty: x”400”
Block 1574
Block Hash
000000a83b7e1e6f
Block 1
 Form the 'links' of the
chain, back to the genesis
(Block 0).
Block 0
Hash: 000000d68b2f0a3b
Transaction:
Hash: feb359ad27c907d
Originator: Alfa Romeo
Recipient: Beechvale Group
Previous Block Hash
000000d68b2f0a3b
Transaction details (logical)
Block 1575
Transaction:
Hash: 8d0df86ffc15cd62
Originator: LeaseCan
Recipient: Joe Payne
Block Hash: 0000057ec2fda71
Block 1574
Transaction:
Hash: 8d0df86ffc15cd62
Originator: Beechvale Group
Recipient: LeaseCan
Transaction:
Hash: feb359ad27c907d
Originator: Alfa Romeo
Recipient: Beechvale Group
Previous Block Hash:
000000d68b2f0a3b
Previous Block Hash
00000057ec2fda71
Block Hash: 0000087ea2ffe941) Interaction between
two participants
2) a Call to a Smart
Contract
“Who” Participated in the
transaction
Transaction details (actual)
Block 1575
Transaction:
Hash: 8d0df86ffc15cd62
Originator: 0x04bd4155ff5243e6
Recipient: 0x0d7e5445fe7589f9
Block Hash: 0000057ec2fda71
Block 1574
Transaction:
Hash: 8d0df86ffc15cd62
Originator: 0x06fd91d545105d5
Recipient: 0x04bd4155ff5243e6
Transaction:
Hash: feb359ad27c907d
Originator: 0x07dd71d507100c1
Recipient: 0x06fd91d545105d5
Previous Block Hash:
000000d68b2f0a3b
Previous Block Hash
00000057ec2fda71
Block Hash: 0000087ea2ffe94
 Account addresses
(pointers to account details stored in
the Fabric)
Counter-party
records
Bank records
Party C’s Records Auditor records
Party B Records
Party A’s Records
API-integrations
Incident
Inefficient, expensive, vulnerable
Ledger
Ledger
Ledger
Ledger
Ledger
Ledger
Problem - Difficult to monitor asset ownership and transfers in a trusted business network
Counter-party
records
Bank records
Party C’s Records Auditor records
Party B Records
Party A’s Records
Consensus, provenance, immutability, finality
Ledger
Ledger
Ledger
Ledger
Ledger
Ledger
Participants have
multiple shared
ledgers
NOTE : Participants
same as before
Solution - A permissioned, replicated, shared ledger
Blockchain for Business
Smart
Contract
Privacy
Shared Ledger
ValidationEnsuring appropriate visibility;
transactions are secure,
authenticated & verifiable
Business terms embedded in
transaction database &
executed with transactions
All parties agree to network
verified transaction
Append-only distributed
system of record shared
across business network
Broader participation, lower cost, increased efficiency
Traditional Vs Consortium Approach
Empaneled Doctor A Empaneled Doctor B
Sales A
Insurer A
Sales B
Insurer B
Diagnostic Centre A
Diagnostic Centre B
Hospital BHospital A
Pandurang
Pandurang is looking forward to get his life insured
He is approached by an Insurance Company A
Insurance Company A, spends on empaneled doctor,
diagnostic center, hospitals in the process of acquiring
a new customer
Insurance Company A, Spends on the underwriting
process and on boards Pandurang as a Policy Holder
Pandurang is now approached by Insurance Company B
Insurance Company B, also spends on Empaneled
doctor, Diagnostic Centre, Hospitals in the process of
acquiring an existing insurance policy holder
Insurance Company B, Also spends additionally on the
underwriting process
Benefits of a Consortium ApproachTraditional Approach Traditional Approach
Improve discoverability
Shared trusted processes
Trusted recordkeeping
Reduce costs and complexity
Enhance efficiencies
Improved claims processing
Fraud detection & Prevention
Increased auditability
Auto reconciliation Create shared economy
Blockchain solutions will transform healthcare enterprises
and increase quality of care by enabling new ecosystems—
and new business models—to evolve. Healthcare information
stored in blockchain will change not only the way you store
clinical information, but how you share information within
your organization, with healthcare partners, payers, and most
importantly, with patients.
Insurance Eco System for Trading of Permissioned Health Records
Regulators
UIDAI
Healthcare
Providers
Insurance
Providers
Lawmakers
Diagnostic Centers
Suppliers / Dealers
Use existing infra, policies
to truly reach last mile in healthcare
Data driven
governance
Medical Records
Master
New insurance products that
reward diligence
Audit and regulations
Supply orders triggered
by smart contract events
PredictiveAnalytics for
patient care
Patient records
Wearables (IOT)
Policy Holders
Medical History
Lower premiums from trusted
records
Prescriptions
Financial
Institutions
Insurance premiums/payouts
triggered by events
Permissioned
Blockchain
Network
Pharmacy
Pharmacies/ Pharmacuetical
Companies
Disintermediation & trustless exchange
Information on the platform is Secure and Immutable and transparent ledgers
Auditability is built into the platform
Changes to the ledger is Consensus-based and transactional
Flexible and orchestrated
Accountability with obfuscation, achieving privacy through channels
Identity Management
Faster Transactions & Lower Transaction Cost
Repository for World Check, A Hybrid Blockchain in the making
Automated Reconciliation
Financing Decision
Fraud Reduction
Why Blockchain ?

Workshop on Blockchain Materclass at Transforming Future Powered By #DigitalErra 2018

  • 1.
  • 2.
    The technology innovationsthat changed us so far
  • 3.
    The First generationof the digital revolution brought us the Internet of Information. The Second generation is bringing us the Internet of Value. Technologies that are going to changes us going forward
  • 4.
     A detailedlook at a blocks  This block/previous block Hashes  Transactions  Events  Smart Contracts  Agreement What is a blockchain?
  • 5.
     Hash functionstake any input and produce a single output  The same input will always yield the same output hash  It is not possible to derive the input from the output  Hash functions are critical to the way blockchains work What is a Hash function? 000000572734
  • 6.
    • A blockchainis a ledger of digital events shared between all nodes on the system. What is a blockchain? Node 4 Node 3 Node 1 Node 2
  • 7.
    What is ablockchain? Block 1575 Transaction: Hash: 76f0ec56ce04423 Block Hash: 0000057ec2fda71 Block 1574 Transaction: Hash: 8d0df86ffc15cd62 Transaction: Hash: feb359ad27c907d Previous Block Hash: 000000d68b2f0a3b Previous Block Hash 00000057ec2fda71 Block Hash: 0000087ea2ffe94 Block 1576 Previous Block Hash 0000087ea2ffe94 Block Hash: 0000044bf2efe32 Previo 000000 Block: 000094 Previo 000000 Block: 000094 Made up of a series of blocks added in chronological order
  • 8.
    Blocks – adetailed look Block 1575 Transaction: Hash: 8d0df86ffc15cd62 Originator: 0x04bd4155ff5243e6 Recipient: 0x0d7e5445fe7589f9 Block Hash: 0000057ec2fda71 Block 1574 Transaction: Hash: 8d0df86ffc15cd62 Originator: 0x06fd91d545105d5 Recipient: 0x04bd4155ff5243e6 Transaction: Hash: feb359ad27c907d Originator: 0x07dd71d507100c1 Recipient: 0x06fd91d545105d5 Previous Block Hash: 000000d68b2f0a3b Previous Block Hash 00000057ec2fda71 Block Hash: 0000087ea2ffe94 “This Block” Number
  • 9.
    What’s in aBlock ? Block 1575 Transaction: Hash: 8d0df86ffc15cd62 Originator: 0x04bd4155ff5243e6 Recipient: 0x0d7e5445fe7589f9 Block Hash: 0000057ec2fda71 Block 1574 Transaction: Hash: 8d0df86ffc15cd62 Originator: 0x06fd91d545105d5 Recipient: 0x04bd4155ff5243e6 Transaction: Hash: feb359ad27c907d Originator: 0x07dd71d507100c1 Recipient: 0x06fd91d545105d5 Previous Block Hash: 000000d68b2f0a3b Previous Block Hash 00000057ec2fda71 Block Hash: 0000087ea2ffe94 Transactions that occurred since the previously committed block. Previous Block Hash This Block Hash
  • 10.
    Block 1575 Transaction: Hash: 8d0df86ffc15cd62 BlockHash: 0000057ec2fda71 Block 1574 Transaction: Hash: 8d0df86ffc15cd62 Transaction: Hash: feb359ad27c907d Previous Block Hash: 000000d68b2f0a3b Previous Block Hash 00000057ec2fda71 Block Hash: 0000087ea2ffe94 Block 1576 Previous Block Hash 00000057ec2fda71 Block Hash: 0000087ea2ffe94 Previo 000000 Block: 000094 Previo 000000 Block: 000094 “Empty” blocks can occur…. Not all blocks have Transactions
  • 11.
    Block/Previous Block Hash Block1575 Transaction: Hash: 8d0df86ffc15cd62 Originator: 0x04bd4155ff5243e6 Recipient: 0x0d7e5445fe7589f9 Block Hash: 0000057ec2fda71 Block 1574 Transaction: Hash: 8d0df86ffc15cd62 Originator: 0x06fd91d545105d5 Recipient: 0x04bd4155ff5243e6 Transaction: Hash: feb359ad27c907d Originator: 0x07dd71d507100c1 Recipient: 0x06fd91d545105d5 Previous Block Hash: 000000d68b2f0a3b Previous Block Hash 00000057ec2fda71 Block Hash: 0000087ea2ffe94  Acts like a pointer to the block that came before it in the chain.  A hash of all the data in the previous block.  Merkel Tree
  • 12.
    Previous Block Hash& “Block 0” Block 1575 Accounts: Hash: 8d0df86ffc15cd62 Gas Limit: 2153 Mining Difficulty: x”400” Block 1574 Block Hash 000000a83b7e1e6f Block 1  Form the 'links' of the chain, back to the genesis (Block 0). Block 0 Hash: 000000d68b2f0a3b Transaction: Hash: feb359ad27c907d Originator: Alfa Romeo Recipient: Beechvale Group Previous Block Hash 000000d68b2f0a3b
  • 13.
    Transaction details (logical) Block1575 Transaction: Hash: 8d0df86ffc15cd62 Originator: LeaseCan Recipient: Joe Payne Block Hash: 0000057ec2fda71 Block 1574 Transaction: Hash: 8d0df86ffc15cd62 Originator: Beechvale Group Recipient: LeaseCan Transaction: Hash: feb359ad27c907d Originator: Alfa Romeo Recipient: Beechvale Group Previous Block Hash: 000000d68b2f0a3b Previous Block Hash 00000057ec2fda71 Block Hash: 0000087ea2ffe941) Interaction between two participants 2) a Call to a Smart Contract “Who” Participated in the transaction
  • 14.
    Transaction details (actual) Block1575 Transaction: Hash: 8d0df86ffc15cd62 Originator: 0x04bd4155ff5243e6 Recipient: 0x0d7e5445fe7589f9 Block Hash: 0000057ec2fda71 Block 1574 Transaction: Hash: 8d0df86ffc15cd62 Originator: 0x06fd91d545105d5 Recipient: 0x04bd4155ff5243e6 Transaction: Hash: feb359ad27c907d Originator: 0x07dd71d507100c1 Recipient: 0x06fd91d545105d5 Previous Block Hash: 000000d68b2f0a3b Previous Block Hash 00000057ec2fda71 Block Hash: 0000087ea2ffe94  Account addresses (pointers to account details stored in the Fabric)
  • 15.
    Counter-party records Bank records Party C’sRecords Auditor records Party B Records Party A’s Records API-integrations Incident Inefficient, expensive, vulnerable Ledger Ledger Ledger Ledger Ledger Ledger Problem - Difficult to monitor asset ownership and transfers in a trusted business network
  • 16.
    Counter-party records Bank records Party C’sRecords Auditor records Party B Records Party A’s Records Consensus, provenance, immutability, finality Ledger Ledger Ledger Ledger Ledger Ledger Participants have multiple shared ledgers NOTE : Participants same as before Solution - A permissioned, replicated, shared ledger
  • 17.
    Blockchain for Business Smart Contract Privacy SharedLedger ValidationEnsuring appropriate visibility; transactions are secure, authenticated & verifiable Business terms embedded in transaction database & executed with transactions All parties agree to network verified transaction Append-only distributed system of record shared across business network Broader participation, lower cost, increased efficiency
  • 18.
    Traditional Vs ConsortiumApproach Empaneled Doctor A Empaneled Doctor B Sales A Insurer A Sales B Insurer B Diagnostic Centre A Diagnostic Centre B Hospital BHospital A Pandurang Pandurang is looking forward to get his life insured He is approached by an Insurance Company A Insurance Company A, spends on empaneled doctor, diagnostic center, hospitals in the process of acquiring a new customer Insurance Company A, Spends on the underwriting process and on boards Pandurang as a Policy Holder Pandurang is now approached by Insurance Company B Insurance Company B, also spends on Empaneled doctor, Diagnostic Centre, Hospitals in the process of acquiring an existing insurance policy holder Insurance Company B, Also spends additionally on the underwriting process Benefits of a Consortium ApproachTraditional Approach Traditional Approach Improve discoverability Shared trusted processes Trusted recordkeeping Reduce costs and complexity Enhance efficiencies Improved claims processing Fraud detection & Prevention Increased auditability Auto reconciliation Create shared economy
  • 19.
    Blockchain solutions willtransform healthcare enterprises and increase quality of care by enabling new ecosystems— and new business models—to evolve. Healthcare information stored in blockchain will change not only the way you store clinical information, but how you share information within your organization, with healthcare partners, payers, and most importantly, with patients.
  • 20.
    Insurance Eco Systemfor Trading of Permissioned Health Records Regulators UIDAI Healthcare Providers Insurance Providers Lawmakers Diagnostic Centers Suppliers / Dealers Use existing infra, policies to truly reach last mile in healthcare Data driven governance Medical Records Master New insurance products that reward diligence Audit and regulations Supply orders triggered by smart contract events PredictiveAnalytics for patient care Patient records Wearables (IOT) Policy Holders Medical History Lower premiums from trusted records Prescriptions Financial Institutions Insurance premiums/payouts triggered by events Permissioned Blockchain Network Pharmacy Pharmacies/ Pharmacuetical Companies
  • 21.
    Disintermediation & trustlessexchange Information on the platform is Secure and Immutable and transparent ledgers Auditability is built into the platform Changes to the ledger is Consensus-based and transactional Flexible and orchestrated Accountability with obfuscation, achieving privacy through channels Identity Management Faster Transactions & Lower Transaction Cost Repository for World Check, A Hybrid Blockchain in the making Automated Reconciliation Financing Decision Fraud Reduction Why Blockchain ?