nursing admin

1. Workplaceviolence
Sara M. Aljanabi 1801395
Master Nursing administrative
2018

2. Objective
At the end of this lecture the audience will be able to :
 Define the workplace violence.
 Differentiate between violence types.
 Describe sources of violence in healthcare organization.
 Discuses the prevalence of workplace violence and different factors related to
workplace violence
 Discuses the Impact of workplace violence and management.

3. violence
Most people think of violence as acts of physical assault. it is a much broader
problem.

4. Workplace Violence define as
“It is any behaviour where worker was abused,
threatened, intimidated or assaulted in working place”.
By Canadian Centre for Occupational Health & Safety
Canadian Centre for Occupational Health & Safety,
http://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/psychosocial/violence.html, Date modified: 2018-09-15

5. Rate of workplace violence by
occupation

6. Type of violence
Physical violence
Psychological
violence

7. Physical violence defined as any
force attack like hitting, pushing
slapping, shooting, kicking, stabbing,
pinching, or biting (WHO,2003).
Physical violence
kicking
slapping
hitting
pushing
shooting
biting
stabbing
pinching

8. Psychological
violence
Psychological violence defined as
intentional use of power, against another
person or group that can result in harm to
mental, spiritual, moral or social
development.
Including verbal abuse, incivility, bullying,
sexual and racial harassment (WHO,2003).
verbal abuse
incivility
bullying/mobbing
sexual harassment
racial
harassment

9. psychological violence
Verbal violence “any verbal expression that cause psychological harm
to others” (Canadian Centre for Occupational Health & Safety, 2017).
Verbal violence against nurses become a part of their daily work and all nurses trying to
avoid to be a part in the violence incidents and maintain their self-safe safe (Abu Wardeh,
2016).

10. Incivility is defined as “rude or disruptive behaviours which often
result in psychological or physiological distress for the people
involved and if left unaddressed, may progress to threatening
situations” (Bartholomew,2014,p.4).
Bullying / Mobbing described as repeated and over time offensive
behaviour through vindictive or malicious attempts to humiliate or
undermine an individual or groups of employees (WHO,2003).
psychological violence

11. psychological violence
Sexual harassment defined as any unwanted behaviour of
a sexual nature that is offensive to the person involved, and
causes that person to be threatened or humiliated
(Canadian Centre for Occupational Health & Safety, 2017)
Racial harassment described as any threatening conduct
that is based on race, colour, language, national origin,
religion which affects the dignity of workers at work.
(WHO,2003)

12. Percentage according the type of WV
Bankole K. Fasanya, Emmanuel A. Dada,(2016) Workplace Violence and Safety Issues in Long-Term Medical Care Facilities: Nurses'
Perspectives, Safety and Health at Work Volume 7, Issue 2, Pages 97-101

13. more than
72% Turkey
50%
38% threat, sexual
harassment or verbal
abuse, and over 13%
physical assault
61 %
South Africa
54 % Thailand
46.7 % Brazil
75.8 % Bulgaria

14. Lebanon 41%,
Kuwait Verbal violence
48% and physical violence
by 7%,
Iraq 42.2% reported
physically attacked
Egypt 66% physical violence
Bahrain 78% verbal abuse

15. Private hospital in Al-Medina Al-Monawara, On 4 May
2018

16. king Salman hospital in Riyadh, on 10 July 2018,

17. Real incident

18. Sources of violence

19. Sources of violence
Recent study found that 90% to 97% of us nurses report verbal abuse from physicians
(Bartholomew, 2014)
Bartholomew, K. (2014). Ending nurse to nurse hostility: Why nurses eat their young and each other (2ed.)

20. Factors associated with WV
 Perception that violence is tolerated.
 The lack of attention to violence can create potentially dangerous situations for both
patient and staff.
 Reporting incidents will have no effect. Incidents that are not reported can create an
unsafe work environment.

21. Factors associated with WV
• Working with people who have a history of violence or working in high-risk areas.
• Poor environmental design that may block vision or escape routes
• Poor lighting in hallways or exterior areas
• Lack of means of emergency communication
• Working alone

22. Factors associated with WV
• Presence of firearms
• Lack of training and policies for staff
• Understaffing in general, and especially during meal times and visiting hours
• Inadequate security staff
• Long wait times and overcrowded waiting rooms

23. Impact of workplace violence
Impact on staff nurse:
• Medical consequences
• Emotional and
psychological
consequences
• Socioeconomic
consequences
Impact on patients:
• decreases
significantly in
quality
• medication errors
Impact on organization:
• high cost
• some caregivers to leave
the profession

24. Management
The responsibility for dealing with workplace violence should initially lie with front line
staff, but the manager must become involved if not immediately resolved (Hockley,2017),
(Granstra,2015) agrees, suggesting it is critical that leader-manager immediately confront
and intervene when work violence is occurring.
L. Marquis,2017

25. Management
The organizations should have a policy in place that clearly describes not only
unacceptable action but also unacceptable outcomes (Granstra,2015).
To end abusive behaviours, these policies must be communicated loudly and clearly and
open, respectful communication must be encouraged.
L. Marquis,2017

26. Management
Most important to ending workplace violence , however, is that nurses themselves
must recognize that verbal abuse, and bullying are not simply part of the job.
Bad behaviour cannot be ignored. Nurse must stand up and defend themselves and
their co-worker when such behaviour occurs.
L. Marquis,2017

27. conclusion
Workplace violence is an epidemic problem that affects all health-care professionals.
Manager in healthcare facilities' must identify the areas to focus on mitigating,
controlling, and/or eliminating incidents of Workplace violence.

28. References
Canadian Centre for Occupational Health & Safety, https://ccohs.ca/oshanswers/psychosocial/violence.html, Date
modified: 2018-09-15
Hasan, A.-O. (2015). physical and verbal workplace violence against nurses in jordan. International nursing review, pp.
111-118.
WHO, http://www.who.int/violence_injury_prevention/violence/workplace/en/
Yousef S. Abu Wardeh, S. A.-S.-T. (2016). Violence Against Nurses’ in Critical Units at Governmental Hospitals in
Jordan. Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing.
Bankole K. Fasanya, Emmanuel A. Dada,(2016) Workplace Violence and Safety Issues in Long-Term Medical Care
Facilities: Nurses' Perspectives, Safety and Health at Work Volume 7, Issue 2, Pages 97-101
Guidelines for Preventing Workplace Violence for Healthcare and Social Service Workers, Occupational Safety and
Health Administration(OSHA)

29. Bartholomew, K. (2014). Ending nurse to nurse hostility: Why nurses eat their young and each other (2ed.)
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). 2015. Guidelines for preventing workplace violence for
healthcare and social service workers. No. 3148-04R.
L. Marquis and Carol J. (2017) Leadership Roles and Management Functions in Nursing Theory and Application, Bessie
Lippincott Williams.