Experimental Study on Surface Roughness by Using Abrasive ParticlesIJERA Editor
New advancement of technology and never satisfying demands of the civilization are putting huge pressure on the natural fuel resources and these resources are at a constant threat to its sustainability. Surface finish has a vital influence on functional properties such as wear resistance and power loss due to friction on most of the engineering components. Voltage, mesh number, revolutions per minute (rpm) of electromagnet, and percentage weight of abrasives has been identified as important process parameters affecting surface roughness. The experiments were planned using response surface methodology and percentage change in surface roughness (ΔRa) was considered as response. Analysis of experimental data showed that percentage change in surface roughness (ΔRa) was highly influenced by mesh number followed by percentage weight of abrasives, rpm of electromagnet, and voltage. The process has been investigated extensively in the finishing of cylindrical surfaces. The surface finish was found to improve significantly with an increase in the grain size, relative size of abrasive particles vis-à-vis the iron particles, feed rate and current. Super finishing is a micro-finishing process that produces a controlled and smooth surface condition on work pieces. It is not primarily a sizing operation, its major purpose is to produce a surface on a work piece capable of sustaining uneven distribution of a load by improving the geometrical accuracy. The wear life of the parts micro finished to maximum smoothness is extended considerably. According to the design of experimentation, mathematical model for Lapping operation on advance ceramic material is proposed. In order to get minimum values of the surface roughness, optimization of the mathematical model is done and optimal operation of the examined factors is going to be determined. The obtained res
Investigation of 316L Stainless Steel by Flame Hardening ProcessIJAEMSJORNAL
Austenitic stainless steel offer great imperviousness to general erosion because of the development of a detached surface film. They are broadly utilized as a part of the sustenance and concoction preparing ventures and in addition in biomaterial applications. In any case, they can experience the ill effects of setting erosion in chloride particle containing arrangements. All things considered, in the meantime they have discovered little use in mechanical building applications in view of their low hardness and poor wear resistance. In this examination work, to enhance the previously mentioned reasons, surface solidifying by Flame hardening procedure is done. It has for some time been an outstanding a warm treatment for enhancing the surface properties of austenitic stainless steel. The examples were fire solidified for 5 minutes, 10 minutes and 15 minutes separately. Wear test for every one of the examples were completed by stick on plate testing process. The outcomes were contrasted and an untreated specimen and finished up with metallographic tests like optical tiny tests and examining electron magnifying lens tests.
Experimental Study on Surface Roughness by Using Abrasive ParticlesIJERA Editor
New advancement of technology and never satisfying demands of the civilization are putting huge pressure on the natural fuel resources and these resources are at a constant threat to its sustainability. Surface finish has a vital influence on functional properties such as wear resistance and power loss due to friction on most of the engineering components. Voltage, mesh number, revolutions per minute (rpm) of electromagnet, and percentage weight of abrasives has been identified as important process parameters affecting surface roughness. The experiments were planned using response surface methodology and percentage change in surface roughness (ΔRa) was considered as response. Analysis of experimental data showed that percentage change in surface roughness (ΔRa) was highly influenced by mesh number followed by percentage weight of abrasives, rpm of electromagnet, and voltage. The process has been investigated extensively in the finishing of cylindrical surfaces. The surface finish was found to improve significantly with an increase in the grain size, relative size of abrasive particles vis-à-vis the iron particles, feed rate and current. Super finishing is a micro-finishing process that produces a controlled and smooth surface condition on work pieces. It is not primarily a sizing operation, its major purpose is to produce a surface on a work piece capable of sustaining uneven distribution of a load by improving the geometrical accuracy. The wear life of the parts micro finished to maximum smoothness is extended considerably. According to the design of experimentation, mathematical model for Lapping operation on advance ceramic material is proposed. In order to get minimum values of the surface roughness, optimization of the mathematical model is done and optimal operation of the examined factors is going to be determined. The obtained res
Investigation of 316L Stainless Steel by Flame Hardening ProcessIJAEMSJORNAL
Austenitic stainless steel offer great imperviousness to general erosion because of the development of a detached surface film. They are broadly utilized as a part of the sustenance and concoction preparing ventures and in addition in biomaterial applications. In any case, they can experience the ill effects of setting erosion in chloride particle containing arrangements. All things considered, in the meantime they have discovered little use in mechanical building applications in view of their low hardness and poor wear resistance. In this examination work, to enhance the previously mentioned reasons, surface solidifying by Flame hardening procedure is done. It has for some time been an outstanding a warm treatment for enhancing the surface properties of austenitic stainless steel. The examples were fire solidified for 5 minutes, 10 minutes and 15 minutes separately. Wear test for every one of the examples were completed by stick on plate testing process. The outcomes were contrasted and an untreated specimen and finished up with metallographic tests like optical tiny tests and examining electron magnifying lens tests.
Mechanism of Fracture in Friction Stir Processed Aluminium AlloyDr. Amarjeet Singh
Aluminium alloys are used for important
applications in reducing the weight of the component and
structure particularly associated with transport, marine,
and aerospace fields. Grain refinement by scandium (Sc)
addition can eliminate the casting defects and increase the
resistance to hot tearing for high strength aluminium alloys.
FSP for cast aluminium alloys have been focused and it has
great advantages including solid state microstructural
evolution, altering mechanical properties by optimizing
process parameters. These parameters are tool rotational
speeds (720, and 1000 rpm), traverse speeds (80, and 70
mm/min), and axial compressive force at 15 kN, etc. The
mechanical properties had been evaluated on FSPed
aluminium alloy with different microstructural conditions.
Fracture properties of aluminium alloys are very important
for industrial applications. Tensile and fracture toughness
properties were correlated to microstructural and
fractographic features of the aluminium alloys need to
explore their essential failure mechanisms.
Tool Wear Analysis of USM for Composite Material using Taguchi Techniqueijsrd.com
In today's world, composite materials have many engineering application for manufacturing, packaging, automobile industry. For the machining of these composite materials, many accurate and cost effective machining processes have been used to reduce the machining time and man hour. The work piece of composite material of aluminium 6061 and silicon carbide powder of 100 mesh is prepared by the stir casting process with different weight fraction of powder in aluminium matrix. The prepared work piece of the composites are then carried out for machining on Ultra Sonic Machine to evaluate the tool wear rate with different process variables which are work piece material composition, amplitude, pressure and thickness of composite sheet. Experiments have been conducted to conclude that by changing the amplitude, tool wear is effectively increased at higher rate. Other variables also make definite changes which are smaller in comparison to amplitude. The comparison of mathematical model with experimental results will also serve as future validation of the model.
Today, in the industry of aluminum, the D. C. casting of billets and slabs is playing the major role. The producers of these slabs and billets are many. The end users of the product are OEMs. The degassing technology for producing these aluminum slabs and billets is provided by very few. There are two types of degassing methods currently in use. One of these, vacuum degassing, is used primarily in the steel industry and thus not generally used in the aluminum industry. The second method, generally employed in the aluminum industry, is rotary degassing, which uses finely dispersed argon, chlorine, fluorine to remove dissolved hydrogen and various salts from melt. The challenges associated with producing aluminum are reducing porosity due to hydrogen precipitation during casting through degassing processes; which generates detrimental effects on mechanical properties of alloy castings and removing impurities like; the Ca, Mg salts etc. from the molten metal. Looking at the degassing systems provided by these players, are going to be obsolete as the environment norms will become stricter in the next decade, because of the use of Fluorine and Chlorine for removing the Ca, Mg, etc. impurities from the molten metal as the ozone layer is getting depleted and process becomes more cumbersome and hazardous. So, the innovation in the technology is needed; which leads research interest on development of the ultrasonic degassing as a better option. During this research authors would be using ultrasonic technology over existing technology to compare the results of conventional degasser units available in the market such as LARSTM, SNIFTM, STASTM - ACDTM, AlpurTM, MDUTM etc., and would be finding out the better operating parameters of ultrasonic equipment for the process for replacement of Fluorine and Chlorine based old technology with Ultrasonic Technology. This research paper should underpin improvement in the process and hence improved hardness of material by elimination of the fluorine and chlorine usage by replacing it with ultrasonic technology with suitable mechanical design, metallurgical criteria and thermal analysis consideration. During the entire research and development authors had carried out various operations like Research on thermal and metallurgical behavior of the molten metal and alloys, Comparison of results achieved using ultrasonic technique over existing technique, Formulation of conclusion; making ultrasonic technique a proven technology, and Identifying the further scope of research and development. With the experiments carried out, authors found significant improvement in hardness of the material produced by ultrasonic degassing as compared with the hardness of material produced by conventional degassing.
Today, in the industry of aluminum, the D. C. casting of billets and slabs is playing the major role. The producers of these slabs and billets are many. The end users of the product are OEMs. The degassing technology for producing these aluminum slabs and billets is provided by very few. There are two types of degassing methods currently in use. One of these, vacuum degassing, is used primarily in the steel industry and thus not generally used in the aluminum industry. The second method, generally employed in the aluminum industry, is rotary degassing, which uses finely dispersed argon, chlorine, fluorine to remove dissolved hydrogen and various salts from melt. The challenges associated with producing aluminum are reducing porosity due to hydrogen precipitation during casting through degassing processes; which generates detrimental effects on mechanical properties of alloy castings and removing impurities like; the Ca, Mg salts etc. from the molten metal. Looking at the degassing systems provided by these players, are going to be obsolete as the environment norms will become stricter in the next decade, because of the use of Fluorine and Chlorine for removing the Ca, Mg, etc. impurities from the molten metal as the ozone layer is getting depleted and process becomes more cumbersome and hazardous. So, the innovation in the technology is needed; which leads research interest on development of the ultrasonic degassing as a better option. During this research authors would be using ultrasonic technology over existing technology to compare the results of conventional degasser units available in the market such as LARSTM, SNIFTM, STASTM - ACDTM, AlpurTM, MDUTM etc., and would be finding out the better operating parameters of ultrasonic equipment for the process for replacement of Fluorine and Chlorine based old technology with Ultrasonic Technology. This research paper should underpin improvement in the process and hence improved hardness of material by elimination of the fluorine and chlorine usage by replacing it with ultrasonic technology with suitable mechanical design, metallurgical criteria and thermal analysis consideration. During the entire research and development authors had carried out various operations like Research on thermal and metallurgical behavior of the molten metal and alloys, Comparison of results achieved using ultrasonic technique over existing technique, Formulation of conclusion; making ultrasonic technique a proven technology, and Identifying the further scope of research and development. With the experiments carried out, authors found significant improvement in hardness of the material produced by ultrasonic degassing as compared with the hardness of material produced by conventional degassing.
Presentation for Jindal steels prepared on 02/01/2021 by
Dr. R. Narayanasamy, Retired Professor, Department of Production Engineering, NIT - Trichy, Tamil Nadu, India. Chief metallurgist, Balaji Super Alloys, Karamadai, Coimbatore - 641104, Tamil Nadu, India.
Cristina talks about capacitors that can last longer at high temperatures are extreme humidity. In this case, when there is no moisture or too much moisture. This presentation covers the technology innovations applied to a high-reliability polymer tantalum capacitor.
Mechanism of Fracture in Friction Stir Processed Aluminium AlloyDr. Amarjeet Singh
Aluminium alloys are used for important
applications in reducing the weight of the component and
structure particularly associated with transport, marine,
and aerospace fields. Grain refinement by scandium (Sc)
addition can eliminate the casting defects and increase the
resistance to hot tearing for high strength aluminium alloys.
FSP for cast aluminium alloys have been focused and it has
great advantages including solid state microstructural
evolution, altering mechanical properties by optimizing
process parameters. These parameters are tool rotational
speeds (720, and 1000 rpm), traverse speeds (80, and 70
mm/min), and axial compressive force at 15 kN, etc. The
mechanical properties had been evaluated on FSPed
aluminium alloy with different microstructural conditions.
Fracture properties of aluminium alloys are very important
for industrial applications. Tensile and fracture toughness
properties were correlated to microstructural and
fractographic features of the aluminium alloys need to
explore their essential failure mechanisms.
Tool Wear Analysis of USM for Composite Material using Taguchi Techniqueijsrd.com
In today's world, composite materials have many engineering application for manufacturing, packaging, automobile industry. For the machining of these composite materials, many accurate and cost effective machining processes have been used to reduce the machining time and man hour. The work piece of composite material of aluminium 6061 and silicon carbide powder of 100 mesh is prepared by the stir casting process with different weight fraction of powder in aluminium matrix. The prepared work piece of the composites are then carried out for machining on Ultra Sonic Machine to evaluate the tool wear rate with different process variables which are work piece material composition, amplitude, pressure and thickness of composite sheet. Experiments have been conducted to conclude that by changing the amplitude, tool wear is effectively increased at higher rate. Other variables also make definite changes which are smaller in comparison to amplitude. The comparison of mathematical model with experimental results will also serve as future validation of the model.
Today, in the industry of aluminum, the D. C. casting of billets and slabs is playing the major role. The producers of these slabs and billets are many. The end users of the product are OEMs. The degassing technology for producing these aluminum slabs and billets is provided by very few. There are two types of degassing methods currently in use. One of these, vacuum degassing, is used primarily in the steel industry and thus not generally used in the aluminum industry. The second method, generally employed in the aluminum industry, is rotary degassing, which uses finely dispersed argon, chlorine, fluorine to remove dissolved hydrogen and various salts from melt. The challenges associated with producing aluminum are reducing porosity due to hydrogen precipitation during casting through degassing processes; which generates detrimental effects on mechanical properties of alloy castings and removing impurities like; the Ca, Mg salts etc. from the molten metal. Looking at the degassing systems provided by these players, are going to be obsolete as the environment norms will become stricter in the next decade, because of the use of Fluorine and Chlorine for removing the Ca, Mg, etc. impurities from the molten metal as the ozone layer is getting depleted and process becomes more cumbersome and hazardous. So, the innovation in the technology is needed; which leads research interest on development of the ultrasonic degassing as a better option. During this research authors would be using ultrasonic technology over existing technology to compare the results of conventional degasser units available in the market such as LARSTM, SNIFTM, STASTM - ACDTM, AlpurTM, MDUTM etc., and would be finding out the better operating parameters of ultrasonic equipment for the process for replacement of Fluorine and Chlorine based old technology with Ultrasonic Technology. This research paper should underpin improvement in the process and hence improved hardness of material by elimination of the fluorine and chlorine usage by replacing it with ultrasonic technology with suitable mechanical design, metallurgical criteria and thermal analysis consideration. During the entire research and development authors had carried out various operations like Research on thermal and metallurgical behavior of the molten metal and alloys, Comparison of results achieved using ultrasonic technique over existing technique, Formulation of conclusion; making ultrasonic technique a proven technology, and Identifying the further scope of research and development. With the experiments carried out, authors found significant improvement in hardness of the material produced by ultrasonic degassing as compared with the hardness of material produced by conventional degassing.
Today, in the industry of aluminum, the D. C. casting of billets and slabs is playing the major role. The producers of these slabs and billets are many. The end users of the product are OEMs. The degassing technology for producing these aluminum slabs and billets is provided by very few. There are two types of degassing methods currently in use. One of these, vacuum degassing, is used primarily in the steel industry and thus not generally used in the aluminum industry. The second method, generally employed in the aluminum industry, is rotary degassing, which uses finely dispersed argon, chlorine, fluorine to remove dissolved hydrogen and various salts from melt. The challenges associated with producing aluminum are reducing porosity due to hydrogen precipitation during casting through degassing processes; which generates detrimental effects on mechanical properties of alloy castings and removing impurities like; the Ca, Mg salts etc. from the molten metal. Looking at the degassing systems provided by these players, are going to be obsolete as the environment norms will become stricter in the next decade, because of the use of Fluorine and Chlorine for removing the Ca, Mg, etc. impurities from the molten metal as the ozone layer is getting depleted and process becomes more cumbersome and hazardous. So, the innovation in the technology is needed; which leads research interest on development of the ultrasonic degassing as a better option. During this research authors would be using ultrasonic technology over existing technology to compare the results of conventional degasser units available in the market such as LARSTM, SNIFTM, STASTM - ACDTM, AlpurTM, MDUTM etc., and would be finding out the better operating parameters of ultrasonic equipment for the process for replacement of Fluorine and Chlorine based old technology with Ultrasonic Technology. This research paper should underpin improvement in the process and hence improved hardness of material by elimination of the fluorine and chlorine usage by replacing it with ultrasonic technology with suitable mechanical design, metallurgical criteria and thermal analysis consideration. During the entire research and development authors had carried out various operations like Research on thermal and metallurgical behavior of the molten metal and alloys, Comparison of results achieved using ultrasonic technique over existing technique, Formulation of conclusion; making ultrasonic technique a proven technology, and Identifying the further scope of research and development. With the experiments carried out, authors found significant improvement in hardness of the material produced by ultrasonic degassing as compared with the hardness of material produced by conventional degassing.
Presentation for Jindal steels prepared on 02/01/2021 by
Dr. R. Narayanasamy, Retired Professor, Department of Production Engineering, NIT - Trichy, Tamil Nadu, India. Chief metallurgist, Balaji Super Alloys, Karamadai, Coimbatore - 641104, Tamil Nadu, India.
Cristina talks about capacitors that can last longer at high temperatures are extreme humidity. In this case, when there is no moisture or too much moisture. This presentation covers the technology innovations applied to a high-reliability polymer tantalum capacitor.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024)ClaraZara1
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024) will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of on Machine Learning & Applications.
Water billing management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project entitled “Water Billing Management System” aims is to generate Water bill with all the charges and penalty. Manual system that is employed is extremely laborious and quite inadequate. It only makes the process more difficult and hard.
The aim of our project is to develop a system that is meant to partially computerize the work performed in the Water Board like generating monthly Water bill, record of consuming unit of water, store record of the customer and previous unpaid record.
We used HTML/PHP as front end and MYSQL as back end for developing our project. HTML is primarily a visual design environment. We can create a android application by designing the form and that make up the user interface. Adding android application code to the form and the objects such as buttons and text boxes on them and adding any required support code in additional modular.
MySQL is free open source database that facilitates the effective management of the databases by connecting them to the software. It is a stable ,reliable and the powerful solution with the advanced features and advantages which are as follows: Data Security.MySQL is free open source database that facilitates the effective management of the databases by connecting them to the software.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
2. Problem Statement
Dental implants are made out
of machined metals
Top component suffers
excessive wear
3. 16000
3553
2793
4086
5599
2000
SCALE6:1SCALE6:1
CROWN
MATERIAL:
ALUMINA (Al2O3)
IMPLANTPOST
MATERIAL:
CPTITANIUM GRADE1
SECTION A-A
A
DO NOTSCALEDRAWING
POSTAND CROWN
ASSEMBLY
SHEET1 OF4
HOANG PHAM
UNLESSOTHERWISESPECIFIED:
SCALE: 5:1 WEIGHT:
REVDWG. NO.
A
SIZE
TITLE:KONSTANTIN IVANOV
KENDALHANEL
ENGINEERS
FINISH
MATERIAL
INTERPRETGEOMETRIC
TOLERANCING PER: ANSI Y14.5-1994M
DIMENSIONSAREIN UM (MICRO)
TOLERANCES:
LINEAR: 100 MICRONS
ANGULAR: MACH 1
APPLICATION
USED ONNEXTASSY
PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL
THEINFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS
DRAWING ISTHESOLEPROPERTYOF
SDSU. ANYREPRODUCTION
IN PARTORASA WHOLEWITHOUTTHE
WRITTEN PERMISSION OFSDSU
ISPROHIBITED.
5 4 3 2 1
SDSU ENGINEERING
BRYANTPHAM
ANTHONYTILLEY
ROBERTSCULT
ME 596 PIM OF BIO
MEDICAL MINIATURE
N/A
N/A
SolidWorks Student Edition.
For Academic Use Only.
4. Material Selection Criteria
Available particle size and shape for micro-feature PIM
Biocompatible
Wear Resistant
Low oxygen and carbon content
Final Decision
Post Implant – CP Ti Grade 1
Screw Hate – Al2O3
5. Powder Specifications
AP&C Advanced
Ti Spherical Sieving Apparent
Density
0-25um 32% 2.55
25-45um
65.5%
+45um 2.5%
Inframat Advanced Materials
Al2O3
Spherical
Particle Size Apparent
Density
3-4um Avg. 3.97 g/cm3
6. Manufacturing Process
Mix powder
Polypropylene, paraffin wax, and stearic acid binder at 65% solids
loading
PIM using Archimedes screw heated barrel
Immerse in heptane at 60°C
Second stage Argon sweep gas for Titanium at 450°C max
Vacuum sinter at 1250°C for 3 h for Titanium
Finish Titanium with hot isostatic pressing
Sinter at 1400°C for 2 h for Alumina
7. Inspection
Visual and SEM (appearance)
Dye penetration (surface cracks)
Core X-ray (inner core defects)
8. Critical Function
Improving wear resistance of the component
Biocompatibility of component
Removing all machining steps
Material selection to improve properties
High wear resistance from Alumina
Titanium & Alumina fit biocompatibility requirements
9. D
2675
LB2
LB1
ANG C
ANG B
3553
LC1
1000
1992
1250
CONFIG D[UM] LC[UM] LB1[UM] LB2[UM] ANG C[ ] ANG B[ ] VOL
[mm^ 3]
SMALL 3300 1000 4000 3000 10,5,0 10,5,0 62.50
MEDIUM 3500 2000 5000 3000 10,5,0 10,5,0 97.20
LARGE 4000 3000 6000 4000 10,5,0 10,5,0 167.00
A
DO NOTSCALEDRAWING
IMPLANTPOST
GENERALDIMS
SHEET2 OF4
HOANG PHAM
UNLESSOTHERWISESPECIFIED:
SCALE: 8:1 WEIGHT:
REVDWG. NO.
A
SIZE
TITLE:KONSTANTIN IVANOV
KENDALHANEL
ENGINEERS
FINISH
MATERIAL
INTERPRETGEOMETRIC
TOLERANCING PER: ANSI Y14.5-1994M
DIMENSIONSAREIN UM (MICRO)
TOLERANCES:
LINEAR: 100 MICRONS
ANGULAR: MACH 1
APPLICATION
USED ONNEXTASSY
PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL
THEINFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS
DRAWING ISTHESOLEPROPERTYOF
SDSU. ANYREPRODUCTION
IN PARTORASA WHOLEWITHOUTTHE
WRITTEN PERMISSION OFSDSU
ISPROHIBITED.
5 4 3 2 1
SDSU ENGINEERING
BRYANTPHAM
ANTHONYTILLEY
ROBERTSCULT
ME 596 PIM OF BIO
MEDICAL MINIATURE
CP TITANIUM GRADE1
FREEOFBURRSAND DEFECTS
SolidWorks Student Edition.
For Academic Use Only.
10. A
B
C
SECTION A-A
200 PITCH
150 HEIGHT
DETAILA
SCALE25 : 1
200 PITCH
116 HEIGHT
DETAILB
SCALE25 : 1
500 PITCH
255 HEIGHT
DETAILC
SCALE20 : 1
VOLUME: 70.00 mm^ 3
A
DO NOTSCALEDRAWING
IMPLANTPOST
THREAD DETAIL
SHEET3 OF4
HOANG PHAM
UNLESSOTHERWISESPECIFIED:
SCALE: 10:1 WEIGHT:
REVDWG. NO.
A
SIZE
TITLE:KONSTANTIN IVANOV
KENDALHANEL
ENGINEERS
FINISH
MATERIAL
INTERPRETGEOMETRIC
TOLERANCING PER: ANSI Y14.5-1994M
DIMENSIONSAREIN MM
TOLERANCES:
FRACTIONAL
ANGULAR: MACH 1 BEND
TWO PLACEDECIMAL .02
THREEPLACEDECIMAL .005
APPLICATION
USED ONNEXTASSY
PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL
THEINFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS
DRAWING ISTHESOLEPROPERTYOF
SDSU. ANYREPRODUCTION
IN PARTORASA WHOLEWITHOUTTHE
WRITTEN PERMISSION OFSDSU
ISPROHIBITED.
5 4 3 2 1
SDSU ENGINEERING
BRYANTPHAM
ANTHONYTILLEY
ROBERTSCULT
ME 596 PIM OF BIO
MEDICAL MINIATURE
FREEOFBURRSAND DEFECTS
CPTITANIUM GRADE1SolidWorks Student Edition.
For Academic Use Only.
11. R400
4086
10.00°
2000 2000
1737
5599
14.00°
2300
1000
2283
1550
8000
2000
A
SECTION A-A
200 PITCH
150 HEIGHT
375
DETAILA
SCALE50 : 1
A
DO NOTSCALEDRAWING
CROWN
SHEET4 OF4
HOANG PHAM
UNLESSOTHERWISESPECIFIED:
SCALE: 8:1 WEIGHT:
REVDWG. NO.
A
SIZE
TITLE:KONSTANTIN IVANOV
KENDALHANEL
ENGINEERS
FINISH
MATERIAL
INTERPRETGEOMETRIC
TOLERANCING PER: ANSI Y14.5-1994M
DIMENSIONSAREIN UM (MICRO)
TOLERANCES:
LINEAR: 100 MICRONS
ANGULAR: MACH 1
APPLICATION
USED ONNEXTASSY
PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL
THEINFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS
DRAWING ISTHESOLEPROPERTYOF
SDSU. ANYREPRODUCTION
IN PARTORASA WHOLEWITHOUTTHE
WRITTEN PERMISSION OFSDSU
ISPROHIBITED.
5 4 3 2 1
SDSU ENGINEERING
BRYANTPHAM
ANTHONYTILLEY
ROBERTSCULT
ME 596 PIM OF BIO
MEDICAL MINIATURE
ALUMINA [Al2O3]
FREEOFBURRSAND DEFECTS
SolidWorks Student Edition.
For Academic Use Only.
12. Market Shares
Estimated $3.4 Billion in implant sales a year & growing at
10%/year
“American Academy of Implant” estimated 3 million people
with implants and 500k increase/year in US
69% of adults (age. 35-44) have lost at least 1 permanent
tooth
By age 74, 26% of adults will have lost all of their permanent
teeth.
Europe ½ global market, while North America 2nd largest
region
Growth in the Asia/Pacific region being driven by China & is
expected to increase the global size in coming years.
15% Market Share @ 3 Implants/person
225,000 units/year
13. Failure Criteria
Does not fit dimensional tolerance
Unnecessary secondary finishing operations
High oxygen or carbon content
Low volume production
No profit
Unacceptable defects
15. Production Cost
$15,000 Mold made in China
HIP contracted to Pressure Tech Inc. @ $2000/cycle
Part Volume
Post 0.173cm3
Cap 0.128 𝑐𝑚3
0.73179 g/unit Ti @ $150/kg
0.5052445 g/unit Alumina @ $26/kg
$0.15/unit material
$0.23/unit processing
$0.38/unit total