Which of the following is not true about prokaryotes 1) They are th.pdf

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Which of the following is not true about prokaryotes? 1) They are the oldest organisms on Earth. 2) They are the structurally simplest organisms. 3) They are the most abundant life forms on Earth. 4) They contain organelles. 5) They are found in fossils that are 3.0 -3.5 billion years old. The eye in which animal is often used as a model for the human eye? 1) snails 2) flukes 3) slugs 4) octopus 5) starfish Which of the following organisms is not in the kingdom Protista? 1) an amoeba 2) a red algae 3) a sporozoan 4) a slime mold 5) an archaea Which one of the following groups contains the methanogens and extreme halophiles? 1) Eubacteria 2) Crenarchaeota 3) Protista 4) Crenaprotista 5) Euryarchaeota Solution Question 1 Correct Answer: 4. They contain organelles. Explanation: Prokaryotic cells are primitive and less organised than eukaryotic cells. They lack cellular structures called organelles that reduces the efficiency of the cell to perform certain functions. Question 3 Correct Answer: 4. Octopus Explanation: Octopus is a cephalopod mollusc. It has a pair of eyes. Cephalopods being marine predators have very well developed eyes. The eyes of Octopus and Humans are very similar though they developed on different paths. Each has an accomodating lens, cornea, iris, fluid- filled vitreous humor, retina, etc. Question 6 Correct Answer: 5. an archaea Explanation: Archaea are single celled prokaryotic microrganisms that are inetrmediate between bacteria and eukaryotes. While protists are eukaryotic organisms that cannot be classified as plant, animal or fungus. So, Archaea does not belong to kingdom Protista. Question 8 Correct Answer: 5. Euryarchaeota Explanation: Methanogens and halophiles belong to the Archaea domain. The Archaea domain is further classified into - Crenarchaeota and Euryarchaeota. Methanogens and halophiles belong to the group Euryarchaeota..

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QUESTION 1 The “Cambrian Explosion” describes the relatively sudden appearance of __________ in the fossil record in the Cambrian. Metazoans Eukaryotes Algae Cephalopods Chocolate 0.5 points QUESTION 2 Poriferans lack: Extracellular matrix Organs Choanocytes Nuclei 0.5 points QUESTION 3 Which of the following has no terrestrial species? Brachiopoda Nematoda Mollusca Arthropoda 0.5 points QUESTION 4 The metazoan phylum with the greatest diversity (i.e., number of species) today is: Arthropoda. Annelida. Cnidaria. Mollusca. 0.5 points QUESTION 5 Segmentation is a feature of: Cnidarians Platyhelminthes Nematodes Annelids 0.5 points QUESTION 6 A coelom is: Fun for the whole family. A fluid-filled body cavity forming within the mesoderm. A stinging cell found in cnidarians. A characteristic of flatworms. A fluid-filled body cavity between the mesoderm and endoderm. 0.5 points QUESTION 7 How old is the earliest fossil evidence of life? 3.8 Ma 3.8 Ga 1.8 Ga 543 Ma 0.5 points QUESTION 8 Which of the following is found only in bilaterians? Mesoderm Choanocytes Radial symmetry Gastrulation Nougat 0.5 points QUESTION 9 Which of the following is not an explanation put forward for the Cambrian Explosion? Oxygen increase Revolution in substrate use Predation Global warming 0.5 points QUESTION 10 Cnidarians are distinct from other animals in having: A can-do attitude Nematocysts Chitin Collagen Bilateral symmetry 0.5 points QUESTION 11 Which of the following is a group within Platyhelminthes? Insecta Velveeta Bivalvia Cestoda Hydrozoa 0.5 points QUESTION 12 Of Fungi, Metazoa, and Plantae, which two are thought to be more closely related to each other than they are to the third? Metazoa and Plantae Fungi and Plantae Fungi and Metazoa 0.5 points QUESTION 13 The Cryogenian is a period of the Proterozoic characterized by: Low self esteem Earliest fossils of life Cooling and glaciation Sudden appearance of fossils with hard parts Increase in oxygen 0.5 points QUESTION 14 Which of the following is thought not to have been abundant in the environment of the early Earth when life originated? Oxygen Nitrogen Methane Water 0.5 points QUESTION 15 Of Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya, which two are thought to be more closely related to each other than they are to the third? Bacteria and Eukarya Archaea and Bacteria Archaea and Eukarya 0.5 points QUESTION 16 The increase in oxygen that occurred around 2.3 Ga is referred to as: The Snowball Earth The Permian Extinction The Cambrian Explosion The Great Oxidation Event Friday 0.5 points QUESTION 17 A lophophore is: A feeding structure found in brachiopods and bryozoans. A reproductive structure found in annelids and molluscs. A photoautotroph. Available at Target™. Absent in all lophotrochozoans. 0.5 points QUESTION 18 One of the main divisions of protostomes is: Electronica Cnidaria Eukarya Lophotrochozoa Deuterostomia 0.5 points QUESTION 19 If, as some studies have suggested, Ctenophora is the sister-taxon to other metazoan.

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Question 1Examples of Rhizairians in the lab exercise are Formanin.pdf

aromalcom

Question 1 Examples of Rhizairians in the lab exercise are Formaniniferans and ____________ both with thread like __________. Oomycetes – cellulose plates Radiolarians -- pseudopodia Stramenopila -- flagella Tubulinids -- pseudopodia Dinoflagellates are now thought to share a common ancestor with ___________ by evidence of the presence of ________ 1. Green algae – cellulose wall -- chlorophyll a & b 2. Ciliates -- alveoli 3. Algae -- flagella 4. Fungi – Diatoms – chlorophyll a but not chlorophyll b The introductory pages of the Protists lab chapter indicate that groups of organisms with a common ancestor are organized into what type of grouping? 1. All the Protists separately 2. Multiple phylogenetic trees from a common ancestor 3. The major domain named Eukarya 4. Phylogenetic group named a clade 4. The Super group Unikonta has two major clades, Amoebozoa and Opisthokonta.From which of these two clades would fins the multicellular organisms that include sponges and us? Similarly one Supergroup includes thefirst group of organism to colonize dry land ____________ and their ancestors ______________ 1. Amoebozoa, animals and choanomonda 2. Opisthokonta, land plants and charophytes 3. All organism share a common ancestor to are really all related. 4. Opisthokonta, land plants and chlorophytes 5. Red Algae share the characteristics of ___________ (mechanism of nutrition) and the photosynthetic pigment _______ with Green Algae as it does with other alga. However they so not share the characteristics of _________ (a photosynthetic pigment) specifically for the green algae group named ___________ structural and functional similarities with modern plants. 1. heterotrophy – chlorophyll b, chlorophyll b – Spirogyra. 2. Carrageenan – fucoxanthin, chlorophyll a -- Laminaria 3. autotrophy – chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b – Charophyta. 4. phycocyanins – phycoerythrin, chlorophyll a – Chloropyta.1. Oomycetes – cellulose plates2. Radiolarians -- pseudopodia3. Stramenopila -- flagella4. Tubulinids -- pseudopodia Solution 1.Examples of Rhizairians in the lab exercise are Formaniniferans and RADIOLARIANS both with thread like PSEUDOPODIA 2.Dinoflagellates are now thought to share a common ancestor with ALGAE by evidence of the presence of FLAGELLA 3.Phylogenetic group named a clade. 4.Opisthokonta, land plants and charophytes.

Unit 3 by kailash sir cell structure & function kp

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Comparing The 18Th Century Physician And Botanist Linnaeus...

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Module cell structure and function

John Daniel Gumban

This module will help you gain knowledge about cell: the basic unit of all living matter. It is the unit of structure and function of which all plants and animals are composed. The cell is the smallest unit in the living organism that is capable of integrating the essential life processes. The cell is the key to biology because it is at this level that life truly springs. As you read this, you will learn more about the activities of the cell, the structures and the material of life that fills them. Later on, you will discover what a living matter is made of.

Why We Study The Cell And Its Components.

Kimberly Jones

Part ABriefly, explain the current hypotheses about how brown alg.pdf

arshiartpalace

Part A: Briefly, explain the current hypotheses about how brown algae, red algae, chlorophytes and charophytes (couple of groups of green algae), and land plants are related. What are the characteristics of the land plants that distinguish it from the most closely related algal group, and (if applicable) how do each of these characteristics benefit plants in a terrestrial environment? Part B: What are the differences between plant cells, animal cells, and bacterial cells. And what are the characteristics of different plant cell types. Solution (1)Evolution of plants has facilitated the survival of life on earth and these land plants has their monophyletic lineage embedded with that of green algae and these green algae are believed to be the oldest eukaryotic lineages. Hypothesis states that land plants are related to brown algae, red algae, chlorophytes and charophytes. There are so many evidences to prove that these land plants share similar characteristics with that of brown algae, red algae, chlorophytes and charophytes. Plants and algae are eukaryotic and both posses the chlorophyll, which allows them to make their own food, both plants and algae have similar cell walls, stores energy in the form of starch, follows two stage life cycle. Sporopollenin, chlorophyll a, cellulose, chlorophyll b are common to both charophytes and land plants, but plants has lignin and is absent in case of charophytes. Some green algae exhibit alternation of generations like plants. All land plants exhibit alternation of generations. But no charophytes exhibit alternation of generations. Charophytes are very similar to plants as they both have homologous chloroplasts (chlorophyll b, beta carotene is present, thylakoid are arranged as grana, DNA as genetic material), with respect to biochemical similarity, both has cellulose cell wall, similar enzymes in peroxisomes, when it comes to mitosis and cytokinesis, follow similar mechanisms like disappearance of nuclear envelope and till cytokinesis the spindle will remain. Based on the above features the Charophytes are considered as the closest living algal relatives of land plants Most of the varieties of algal species live in extremely damp terrestrial environment, whereas most of the plants live on land and some plants can live in water also, but algae cannot survive on dry soil and they are very adapted to it. In case of alga, the surrounding water supports it and the whole alga is involved in helping it in the process of photosynthesis, absorption of water and minerals, holdfast will provides the anchoring. But in case of plants, each and every organ is specialized for different functions, like leaves for photosynthesis, cuticle to prevent water loss, stomata for gaseous exchange, stem to support, root to provide anchorage. But alternation of generation is absent in charophytes, but it is found in all plants providing them extra benefit to survive. 2) Animal Cell Plant cell Bacteria These are eukaryotes These ar.

Biology homework help

Expertsmind IT Education Pvt Ltd.

How life is organized 2014

Lorraine Stratton

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required .docx

voversbyobersby

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Chapter 16 Protists & Fungi 16.6 General Biology of Protists There are four kingdoms in the Domain Eukarya. Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia All organisms in Eukarya have organelles including a nucleus. Protists vary in size from microscopic to macroscopic (very large) Most protists are unicellular, but they are very complex Most organisms in Protista reproduce by asexual reproduction 17-2 Organizing Organisms Organisms can be categorized by how they obtain nutrients Heterotrophs – organisms that consume food and digest it inside their bodies. Autotrophs – organisms that make their own food using photosynthesis. While we think of plants as doing photosynthesis, some protists and some bacteria can also do photosynthesis. Cyanobacteria make a significant amount of atmospheric oxygen. Decomposers – digest food outside their body and absorb the nutrients across the cell wall. 17-3 Types of Protists Protists can be separated into 3 categories based on their nutrition Protozoa consume food (heterotrophs) and digest it internally. Also they typically can move. Algae that can do photosynthesis (autotrophs). Underscoring the debate over how to categorize protists, some sources list algae as plants, but your book lists them as protists. Slime molds that absorb nutrients that were digested outside their body. 17-4 Protozoa Amoeba proteus Pseudopods - extensions that form when cytoplasm goes in a particular direction Feed by phagocytosis, surrounding prey with pseudopods and digesting it Paramecium caudatum The most structurally complex and specialized of all protozoans The majority are free-living, some are parasitic 17-5 Green algae are ancestral to plants Green algae (Approximately 7,500 species) Not always green Inhabit a variety of environments Oceans, freshwater, snowbanks, bark of trees, backs of turtles Phytoplankton are microscopic autotrophs that live in water. They produce about half of the oxygen available in the atmosphere and form the basis of Algae can form colonies of loosely organized independent cells or end-to-end chains of cells that form filaments. 17-6 Algae Volvox, a colonial green alga A Volvox colony is a hollow sphere with thousands of cells in a single layer on the outside The cells are usually connected by strands of cytoplasm Smaller daughter colonies are contained within the ball Spirogyra, multicellular, filamentous algae Forms long filaments of cells end-to-end Can reproduce asexually and sexually Has a chloroplast that performs photosynthesis Stores glucose in a pyrenoid 17-7 16.8 A Fungus Is Not a Plant Fungi (domain Eukarya) Fungi are heterotrophs that release digestive enzymes into the external environment and digest their food outside the body, then absorb nutrients across their cell walls. They play an important role as decomposers. Fungal cells are different from plant c.

Evolution of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

E Jei Torres

Eukaryotic vs. Prokaryotickilkenny

The6 Kingdoms.ClassificationNotes#4Mrs. Henley

Questions- 1- What protist group is sister to Kingdom Animalia- What f (1).pdf

AnthonyV9BMetcalfev

Questions: 1. What protist group is sister to Kingdom Animalia? What features characterize animals? What are the major branching points within the animal phylogeny? Traditional animal phylogenies emphasized body plans (aceolomate, pseudocoelomate, coelomate). Contrast these body plans. 2. Contrast the Ediacaran fauna and the fauna from the Cambrian explosion. What was significant about the Cambrian "explosion"? What are some explanations for this explosion of animal diversity? Which phyla in the Cambrian explosion displayed segmentation? 3. What is the difference between "invertebrates" and "vertebrates"? Which group is more diverse? Are each of these groups monophyletic? 4. Marine invertebrates are incredibly diverse. Which phyla include marine invertebrate representatives? What are some ways in which marine invertebrates obtain nutrition? Which of these methods is absent on land? What aspects of reproduction are common among marine invertebrates, but rare among terrestrial animals? 5. The remaining review questions cover each of the animal phyla. This material draws on lab as well as lecture. What are some features of phylum Porifera (sponges)? How do sponges obtain nutrition? Be familiar with the following: choanocytes, amoebocytes, osculum, spicules. 6. What are some features of phylum Cnidaria? How do nematocysts help cnidarians be successful predators? What is the difference between a polyp and a medusa? Which classes have the polyp, the medusa, or both? Which class includes the corals that build coral reefs? 7. What is a lophophore? How do the lophophore animals get their food? 8. What are some features of phylum Mollusca? Be familiar with the following: muscular foot, mantle, shell, radula, visceral mass, trochophore larvae, ctenidia (gills), siphons, torsion. What changes do we see in class Bivalvia (compared to the other molluscan classes) suited to a filter-feeding life style? Which class of molluscs includes terrestrial species? In which molluscan class do we see the most well-developed nervous system? 9. What are some features of phylum Annelida? Besides phylum Annelida, what other two phyla are characterized by segmentaion? What larval feature do annelids share with phylum Mollusca? What are some methods used by annelids to obtain nutrition? 10. What are some features of phylum Platyhelminthes? What features do we see in classes Trematoda and Cestoidea that fit with their parasitic lifestyles? 11. What are some features of phylum Nematoda? What is ecdysis, and what other phylum also has this feature? What are some ways that nematodes obtain nutrition? 12. There are quite a few different types of "worms" in the world! How would you distinguish annelid, platyhelminth, and nematode worms from one another? 13. What are some features of Phylum Arthropoda? What are features of the main clades we discussed (Chelicerates, Crustacea, Hexapoda, Myriapoda)? Which phyla are primarily aquatic, and which are terrestrial? What arthropod featur.

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